P R A GM A T ISM

REPORTERS

LENNY JOY E. SARDIDO

RHONA MAE B. AUBREY O.
JORDICO
NAVARRO
DEFINITION
PROPONEN PRINCIPLE
T BELIEFS
AIM OF EDUCATION
CURRICULUM
METHODS OF
TEACHING
ROLE OF A TEACHER
ROLE OF A STUDENT
WHY SCHOOL EXIST
DEFINITION
Greek word ‘pragma’ which
means work, practice, action or
activity;
Encourages people to find
Practical in approach and ideas are
processes that work in order to
constricted from experience;
achieve the desired goals;

Reality is constantly changing and we learn best

through applying our experiences and thoughts to
problems, as they arise;
Emphasize the practical function of
knowledge and Emphasize the practical
function of knowledge.
DEFINITION
PROPONEN PRINCIPLE
T BELIEFS
AIM OF EDUCATION
CURRICULUM
METHODS OF
TEACHING
ROLE OF A TEACHER
ROLE OF A STUDENT
WHY SCHOOL EXIST
PRINCIPLE
1 PLURALISM
Pragmatist are pluralist, there are as many words as human
being and the ultimate reality is not one but many. Everyone is
searches truth and aim of life according to the experience.

2 EMPHASIS ON CHANGE
The world is a process which change continuously and the
world is ever progressing and evolving therefore, everything is
changing.
PRINCIPLE
3 UTILITARIANISM
Is a test of all truth and reality. UTILITY means fulfillment of
human purposes. The results decide the good and evil of
anything it means satisfaction of human needs.

4 CHANGING AIM AND VALUES

The aim and values of life change in different times and climes.
The old aims and values, therefore, can’t be accepted as they
are. Human life and the world is a laboratory in which the aims
and values are developed.
PRINCIPLE
5 INDIVIDUALISM
They put maximum premium upon freedom in human life.
Liberty goes with equality and fraternity. Everyone should
adjust to his environment.

6 EMPHASIS ON SOCIAL ASPECTS

Since man is a social animal therefore, he develops in social
circumstances. His success is success in society. The aim of
education is to make him successful by developing his social
personality.
PRINCIPLE
7 EXPERIMENTALISM
Pragmatists are experimentalists. They give more importance to
action than ideas. Activity is the means to attain the end of
knowledge. Therefore, one should learn by doing constant
experimentation, which is required in every field of life.

OTHER BASIC PRINCIPLE OF PRAGMATISM

 OTHER BASIC PRINCIPLE OF PRAGMATISM

 Gives importance to action and experience.

 Believes in change.
 No belief in permanent values.
 Gives emphasis on experimentation.
 A Practical Philosophy
 Believes on present
 Believe that growth and development tales place through
interaction and environment.
 Deep faith in democracy
 Emphasis on means not on “end”.
PROPONEN
T

CHARLES
SANDERS PEIRCE
WILLIAM JAMES JOHN DEWEY
WILLIAM
JAMES
An American philosopher and
psychologist and also trained as a
physician.

Father of American Psychology

Defines truth in terms of the

usefulness of a belief. He thinks
that useful beliefs are true and
useless beliefs are false.
CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE
An American philosopher,
logician, mathematician and
scientist.

Father of Pragmatism

Believed that thought must

produce action, rather than
linger in the mind and lead to
indecisiveness.
JOHN
DEWEY
An American philosopher and educator who
was a leading exponent of philosophical
pragmatism and rejected traditional
methods of teaching by rote in favour of
broad-based system of practical experience.

Father of Modern Experiential

Education
Early proponent of progressive
education, maintained that schools
should reflect the life of the society.
BELIEFS
Knowledge is relevant to the
individual. It is up to them to
identify what is important and
Pragmatist believe that reality relevant.
is constantly changing and
that people learn best through
applying the experiences and
thoughts to problems as they
arise.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
 Education becomes the laboratory of life
 Consider while forming aims
 Creation of new values (for experience & values)
 Activity and exercise (to create new values)
 Personal and Social adjustment (cope up)
 Reconstruction of experience (providing social setting )
 All around personality development
CURRICULUM
 Experience – to educate
 Life – centered curriculum
 Curriculum – formulated based on:
Activity curriculum
Principle of utility
Principle of flexibility
Principle of integration
METHODS OF
TEACHING
 Gives importance to child than books or
teachers
 Avoids outdated and rigid method of learning
 Methods include:
Learning by Doing
Provision of real life situation
Project method (real and purposeful tasks)
ROLE OF A TEACHER
 Creates a real life situation – child interested to
solve
 Keep student as – discoverer and experimenter
 Not impose anything – child will decide own aim,
goal
 Not a dictator – only “leader of group activities”
 As a friend, philosopher and guide
 Can maintain a close relationship
ROLE OF A STUDENT
 See a student as a whole organism which consists of the
biological self, the psychological self and the social self.
 A student is constantly interacting with the environment and
brings to school all the values, meanings and experiences as a
learner (Agarwal et al, 2010).
 A student is creative and constructive by nature. They are not
just passive listeners but an active participant in the tri polar
process of education (that is the student, the educator and the
teaching learning process). Therefore their intrinsic needs of
creativity and activity should be fulfilled by educators through
challenging environment in the classroom (Dash, 2004).
WHY SCHOOL
EXIST?
 Pragmatism has influenced education tremendously.
 It is a practical and utilitarian philosophy.
 It makes activity the basis of all teaching and learning.
 It is activity around which an educational process revolves.
 It makes learning purposeful and infuses a sense of reality in
education.
 It makes schools into workshops and laboratories.
 It gives an experimental character to education.
 Pragmatism makes man optimistic, energetic and active.
 It gives him self-confidence. The child creates values through
his own activities.