3G2G HandOver and Roaming

Brief

 In Idle Mode , UE use cell reselection to enter GSM Network

 Connect Mode, UE use HandOver to enter GSM Network.
 Cell Selection

 PLMN Selection
1) when ue is power on , it scans RF and read MIB
to define whether this cell’s PLMN is what it wants.
2) PLMN has order list .
Auto Selection
i) RPLMN
ii) Home PLMN
iii) User or Operator controlled PLMN selector with Access
Technology
Manual Selection
 Read SIB3 , Evaluate S Criteria
 IF matchs S Criteria , Camped on the cell ,then LA/RA update.
 Else
 read SIB11 finds neighbor cells ， Evaluate S Criteria for neighbor cells
if matched ,
camped
else
scan other cells or in PLMN selection.
end
camped on any cell .
 Cell Reselection

 All Neighbor Cell evaluate S criteria .

 In S>0 cells , Compute R value.
 Select Rmax Cell .
 S & R Criteria
Squal = Qqualmeas - Qqualmin

Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation

Squal > 0

Srxlev > 0

Rs = Qmap,s + Qhysts

Rn = Qmap,n - Qoffset s,n - TOn * (1 - Ln)

 Cell Selection &Reseletion Parameters(1)

Qqualmin Value range: -24 -- 0 (dB)

Content:  Minimum required quality level corresponding to the CPICH Ec/No. UE can  camp
on the cell only when the CPICH Ec/No measured is larger than the value of this paramete
r.
Recommended value: -18(dB).
Qrxlevmin Value range: -58 -- -13. (dBm)
Physical value range: -115 -- -25; step: 2 (-58: -115; -57:-113; ..., -13:25).
Content: Minimum required RX level corresponding to the CPICH RSCP. UE can camp on t
he cell only when the measured CPICH RSCP is larger than the value of this parameter..
Recommended value: -58.
Qqualmeas Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal expressed in CPICH Ec/N0 (dB) for FDD cells.
Not applicable for TDD cells or GSM cells.

Qrxlevmeas Measured cell RX level value. This is received signal, CPICH RSCP for FDD cells (dBm), P-CCPCH RSCP for
TDD cells (dBm) and RXLEV for GSM cells (dBm).

Pcompensation Max(UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH – P_MAX, 0) (dB)

Pmax Value range: -50 -- 33 (dBm)

Content: Allowed maximum power transmitted on RACH in the cell. It is related to network
planning.
Recommended value: 24.
 Cell Selection &Reseletion Parameters(2)
Treselectiontime
Value range: 0~31 Physical unit: second.
Content: If the signal quality of a neighbor  cell is better than the serving cell during the
specified time of this parameter, the UE will reselect the neighbor cell. It is used to avoid
ping-pong reselection of UE between different cells. Note: 0 does not refer to 0 second but
corresponds to the default value defined in the protocol.
Recommended value: 0.
Ssearch.RAT Value range: -16~10 Physical value range: -32 ~ 20; step: 2.
Physical unit: dB.
Content: Threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE)
of the serving cell is lower than the threshold plus the minimum required quality  ( Qqualmin) of the
cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started. It's mandatory When the value of param
eter SsearchratInd is TRUE.
Recommended value: 2.
Qhyst1s Value range: 0-20
Physical value range: 0 – 40(dB); step: 2.
Content: Hysteresis  value for serving FDD cells in case the quality measure for cell
selection and re-selection is set to CPICH RSCP. It changes with the slow-fading fea
ture of the area where the cell is located. The bigger the slow-fading variance is, the
bigger this value of the parameter.
Recommended value: 2.
Qhyst2s Value range: 0 - 20
Physical value range: 0 – 40 (dB); step: 2.
Content: Hysteresis  value for serving FDD cells in case the quality measure for cell
selection and re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It changes with the slow-fading fea
ture of the area where the cell is located. The bigger the slow-fading variance is, the
bigger this value of this parameter.
Recommended value: 1.
 CELL Selection & Reselection MML COMMAND

 Cell Selection & Reselection Command

1) MOD CELLSELRESEL
2) MOD INTERRATNCELL
3) MOD CELLMEAS
 HandOver -CS_3G->2G （ 1 ）
UE 3G MSC 2G MSC BSS
NODEB RNC
1. RRC Connect Req
2. RRC Setup Complete

3. Measure Control (measure ID 0x1 )

4. Measure Control (measure ID 0x2 )
5.Initial UE message(service request)
6.DL DT (Authentication Request)
7.UL DT (Authentication Response)
8.Common ID

10. Security Mode Command 9. Security Mode Command

11. Security Mode CMP

12. Security Mode CMP
13. UL DT(Setup)
14. DL DT(Call proceeding)
15. RAB Assign Req
16.RL Recfg Prep
17.RL Recfg Ready
18.RL Recfg Commit
19 RB Setup
20 RB Setup Cmp
21 RAB Assign Resp
22. DL DT( Alerting )
23. DL DT( Connect)
24. UL DT(Connect Ack)

25 Measure Report(2D)

26.RL Recfg Prep

27.RL Recfg Ready
28 PhyCh Reconfig
29.RL Recfg Comit
30 PhyCh Reconfig CMP
31 Meaure Control(ID3 )

32Measure Report 33 Relocation Required

34 Relocation Command
35. HandoverFromUtranCommand
44 Iu Release Req
45 RL Del Req
46 RL Del Resp
47 Iu Release Complete
 HandOver-CS_3G->2G （ 2 ）
UE NODEB RNC 3G MSC 2G MSC BSS

33 Relocation Required
34. MAP/E Prepare Handover

35. BSSMAP Handover Request

36. BSSMAP Handover Request Ack

37. MAP/E Prepare
Handover Response
38. Relocation Commond
39. HandoverFromUtranCommand

40. BSSMAP Handover Detect

41. Handover Complete

42. BSSMAP Handover Complete

43. MAP/E Send End Signal
Required
44 Iu Release Command
45 RL Del Req

46 RL Del Resp
47 Iu Release Complete

48. MAP/E Send End Signal response

Measurement Control ID2-CS_3G->2G
（3）
Measurement Control ID3-CS_3G->2G
（4）
Measurement Report ID3-CS_3G->2G （ 5 ）
HandOver&Relocation-CS_3G->2G （ 5 ）
Some Record Message-CS_3G->2G （ 6 ）

uU_3ghandoverto2g_sec.tmf
IU_3ghandoverto2g_sec.tmf Iub_3ghandoverto2g_sec.tmf

user_handover.UIT A_handover.GMT
 HandOver -CS_2G->3G
UE NODEB RNC 3G MSC 2G MSC BSS

1.BSSMAP Handover Request

2. MAP/E Prepare
Handover
3 Relocation Request
4. Radio Link Setup
5. Radio Link Setup RSP
6. Relocation Request Ack
7. MAP/E Prepare
Handover Response 8. MAP/E Handover
Command
9. Handover to UTRAN Command

10 RL Restore Ind

11. Handover to UTRAN Complete 12. Relocation Complete

13. MAP/E Send End Signal
request 14.BSSMAP Clear Command
UTRAN MobilityInfo
15.BSSMAP Clear Complete
16. MAP/E Send End signal
UE Capability response
enquiry

UTRAN MobilityInfo Confirm

UE Capability Info

UE Capability Info Confirm

 HandOver-PS_3G->2.5G
UE NODEB RNC 3G SGSN 2G SGSN GGSN HLR

InterSystem Change decision

. Measure Report

1 . Cell Change Order from UTRAN

2 Route Area Update Requeset
3.SGSN Context Request
4.SRNS Context Request

4.SRNS Context
Responset
5.SGSN Context Responset

6. SGSN Context Ack

7 SRNS Data Forward Command

8 Forward Packet 8 Forward Packet

9 Update PDP Context Request

9.Update PDP Context Response

10 Update GPRS location

11. Cancel Location

12 Iu Release Command
13 14 RL release
15 Iu Release Complete
12. Cancel Location

11. Update GPRS location Ack

12 Route Area Update Accept
 Message-PS_3G->2.5G

iub.tmf uu.tmf
iu.tmf single u.tmf
 RAT HandOver MML COMMAND
Add GSM cell （ 1 ）

MCC 移动国家号 CELL ID GSM 小区 ID

MNC 移动网络号 BSIC 基站识别码

LAC 位置区号 BCCH ARFCN 绝对频率号

配置命令 1 ： ADD GSMCELL: MCC="460", MNC="07", LAC="0001", CID="0011", NC

C=1, BCC=3, BCCHARFCN=19, ANDIND=DCS1800_BAND_USED,RATCELLTYPE=G
SM;
 GSM cell’s Data （ 2 ）
CGI : Cell Global Identification

MCC | MNC | LAC | CI |

Location Area Identification

Cell Global Identification

• Identify unique GSM

BSIC: Base Station Identify Code , 由 NCC 和 BCC 构成；

| NCC | BCC |
3 bits 3 bits

• MS can use it to distinguish cells with the same BCCH frequence ；

• Network can distinguish cells when received report ；
 GSM cell’s Data （ 3 ）
ARFCN : Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number

P-GSM 900 Fl(n)=890+0.2*n 1<=n<=124 Fu(n)=Fl(n)+45

E-GSM 900 Fl(n)=890+0.2*n 0<=n<=124 Fu(n)=Fl(n)+45

Fl(n)=890+0.2*(n-1024) 975<=n<=1023

DCS 1800 Fl(n)=1710.2+0.2*(n- 512<=n<=885 Fu(n)=Fl(n)+95

512)

Fl (n) : the frequency value of the carrier ARFCN n in the lower band,
Fu(n) : the corresponding frequency value in the upper band
 RAT HandOver MML COMMAND
（4）

 SET INTERFREQHO (Object RNC )

 MOD CELLINTERFREQHO (Object Cell)
 SET INTERRATHO (Object RNC)
 MOD CELLINTERRATHO (Object Cell)
 RAT HandOver Parameters

 Tuse2d ( Pcpich Rscp dBm) : -95dBm

 CIO : 5dB
 Inter-RAT handover trigger time : 1s
 GsmRSSI Threshold : -95 dBm
 Reference

 3GPP TS 25.304: "UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in
Connected Mode".
 3GPP TS 25.331: "Radio Resource Control (RRC); protocol specification".
 3GPP TS 23.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage
2".
 3GPP TS 03.03: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Numbering,
addressing and identification"
 3GPP TS 05.05: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Radio
transmission and reception".
 系统间互操作白皮书终稿 _ 注释
 Nokia 3G and GSM Roaming and Handover
 NOKIA 测试指导书
 WCDMA 与 GSM 系统间漫游及其切换原理分析报告
 关于 WCDMA 、 GSM 并网运行的方案考虑 _ 移机不换号
Thank You !