Chapter3

Chapter 2

Adding and
Subtracting
Fractions

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Section 3.1

Adding and
Subtracting Like
Fractions

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 Objectives
A. Add Like Fractions.
B. Subtract Like Fractions.
C. Solve Problems by Adding or Subtracting Like
Fractions.

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 Adding Like Fractions
Fractions with the same denominator are called like
fractions. Fractions that have different denominators
are called unlike fractions.

Like Fractions Unlike Fractions

2 3 2 3
and and
5 5 5 4

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Adding Like Fractions (Fractions with
the Same Denominator)

To add like fractions, add the numerators and write the

sum over the common denominator.
If a, b, and c represent nonzero whole numbers, we have

a b ab
 
c c c

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 Examples 1 to 3
Add and simplify.
3 2 3 2 5
a.   
8 8 8 8

5 1 5 1 6 23 3
b.     
8 8 8 8 24 4

3 5 4 3  5  4 12 4 1
c.     1 1
8 8 8 8 8 8 2

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Subtracting Like Fractions (Fractions
with the Same Denominator)

To subtract like fractions, subtract the numerators and

write the difference over the common denominator.
If a, b, and c represent nonzero whole numbers, we have
a b a b
 
c c c

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 Examples 4 and 5
Subtract and simplify.
8 1 8 1 7
a.   
9 9 9 9

7 5 75 2 1

b. 8 8   
8 8 4

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 Example 6

Find the perimeter of the following rectangle.

5
meter Rectangle
12
7
meter
12

5 5 7 7 5577
Perimeter     
12 12 12 12 12

24
  2 m
12

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 Example 7
A recipe calls for 1/3 of a cup of brown sugar and 2/3
of a cup of white sugar. How much total sugar is in the
recipe?

Total sugar = brown sugar + white sugar

1 2
 
3 3
3
 1
3
The total amount of sugar needed in the recipe is 1 cup.
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 Example 8
A jogger ran 13/4 miles on Monday and 7/4 miles on
Wednesday. How much farther did he run on Monday
than on Wednesday?
Distance farther = distance on Monday – Wednesday
13 7
 
4 4
6 23
 
4 22
3 1
 or 1 miles
2 2
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