MANUFACTURING

TECHNOLOGY
Lathe machine
 WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF LATHE MACHINE ?

 The main function of the lathe

is to remove metal from a work
piece to give it the required
shape and size.

•This is accomplished by holding the work securely and rigidly

on the machine and then turning it against cutting tool which
will remove metal from the workpiece in the form of chips.
• To cut the material properly the tool should be harder than the
material of the work piece, Should be rigidly held on the
machine.
Concept of feed

 The movement of the tool relative to the work piece is

termed as feed.

 The feed mechanism is used to transmit the power from the

spindle to the carriage.

 Therefore, it convert rotary motion of the spindle into

leaner motion of the carriage.

 The feed can be given either by hand or automatically.

 Feed is generally expressed in mm/rev.

Increase the feed it reduce the cutting time, but it
reduces the tool life.
 The amount of feed depend the following factor

 Size of Work piece

 Rigidity of the machine
 Shape of Work piece
 Depth of cut
 Strength of work piece
 Shape of tool
 Holding method of work piece
 Material of the tool
 Types of feed

Longitudinal Cross Feed Angular Feed

Feed

 When the tool move parallel to the axis, the movement is termed as
Longitudinal Feed and is affected by the carriage.

 When the tool move at right angle to the lathe axis with the help of
the cross slide the movement is termed as Cross Feed.

 While the movement of the tool by compound slide when it is

swivelled at an angle to the lathe axis is termed as Angular Feed.

 Cross and Longitudinal Feed are both hand & power operated, but
angular feed is only hand operated.
Tumbler gear mechanism

Tumbler gear is used to

change the direction of lead
screw and feed rod.

By engaging tumbler gear the carriage can be moved along the lathe
axis , In either direction during thread cutting or automatic machining
The tumbler gear unit has two
pinion (A and B) of same size and
is mounted on a bracket.
The bracket is pivoted at point L
and can be moved up or down by
lever L.

The bracket may be placed in

three position i.e., upward,
downward and neutral position.

Gear ‘C’ is a spindle gear attached to the lathe spindle.

Gear ‘D’ is the stud gear, The stud gear is connected to the lead screw gear
through a set of intermediate gear.
  When the leaver is shifted in
upward position, The tumbler gear
‘A’ is engaged with spindle gear ‘C’
& the power is transmitted through
C-A-D-E-F

 During this position, lead screw

will rotate in the same direction as
spindle rotate, Now the carriage is
moves towards the headstock.

 When the leaver is shifted in downward position, The tumbler gear ‘B’ is
engaged with spindle gear ‘C’ & the power is transmitted through C-B-A-D-E-
F Hence, the lead screw will rotate in the opposite direction of the spindle, Now
the carriage is moved towards tailstock.