WELCOME

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An Approach With Sensor For Real Time

Railway Track Surveillance System

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CONTENT
Objectives
Abstract
Introduction
Existing system
Focus on
Components
Block diagram
Description
Over all working
Result and discussion
Conclusion
Future Enhancement
Reference
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OBJECTIVE
To detect the exact location of the fault present in the
railway track line connectivity network has been
used.
IR sensor is used to detect the presence of obstacles
in the railway track.
GPS & GSM is used to transmits the message to the
registered number with a predefined algorithm.
To implement an efficient and cost effective
technique.
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ABSTRACT
It is mainly due to detecting a crack in the railway
track, which may occur as natural or artificial.
 The system is installed in the train and they can
notice the fault in advance by which accidents can be
avoided.
In the line connectivity network, IR sensor, RF
transmitter, GPS and GSM.
The advantages include less cost, low power
consumption and less analysis time.

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INTRODUCTION
 Rail transports are facing major challenges in our
day to day life.
 In our proposed idea portrays to avoid accidents in
the railway system.
 The principal problem has been the lack of cheap
and efficient technology to detect problems in the rail
tracks and the lack of proper maintenance and security
of operation in the railways.

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EXISTING METHOD
Trolley system is mainly for
monitoring the condition of tracks
and obstacle detection.
It is allowed to moved at a certain
distance to monitor the tracks are
prone to cracks or expansion of
metal plates.
It is impossible to identify the
obstacles and if it is so difficult to
stop the train suddenly.
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FOCUS ON
To detect the broken rail and given
the exact information about the
tracks.

To identify the obstacles from the

train and on identification it is
difficult to stop the train suddenly.

Train derailment in curves and

bends.
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PROPOSED METHOD
The project is cheap and it is suitable to
Indian scenario.
The system can be operated at tunnels
also, without interrupts.
Ultrasonic sensor are used for
monitoring obstacles in the tracks.
Line connectivity sensor is used for
detect the cracks and breakage of
tracks.
Transmitting the information to the
current train which comes on the track.

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COMPONENTS

Microcontroller (ATMEGE-328)
Ultrasonic sensor
Line connectivity
LCD Display

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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DESCRIPTION
RAILWAY BRIGE DAMAGE STATUS:
 In track, any shack/tlit in parallel bridge position sensed by line connectivity.
 If any obstacles, crack on the track detected by IR sensor.
 Operated in both slab and ballast.

DAMAGED LOCATION CAN BE RECORD AND SENDING SMS

PROCESS:
 A GPS receiver calculates its position by timing the signals sent by GPS
satellite.
 Continually transmits message of latitude and longitude position.
 Satellite position at time of message transmission via GSM.
 The modem will respond with the message from sensor and GPS, indicating
that the message to the nearer railway station and the train driver.

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OVER ALL WORKING
 There is an electrical post installed at every 300 m distance.
Incase if there is no cracks in between the first two post, the
rays will pass through the next post without any disturbance.
 If there is any crack between 2nd and 3rd post, the rays will
not pass through the next post within the particular duration,
then the GSM will become active and it will send the message
to the nearest control room by the GPS installed.
 The RF transmitter connected in the node will also send alert
signal to the RF receiver installed in the incoming train and
also the output will be displayed in the LCD display, the exact
location of track damage immediately so that many lives will
be saved.
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RESULT AND DISCUSSION
 The Line connectivity detects the
presence of crack and IR sensor is
used for the obstacle detection.
 GPS locate the position and transmits
the message through GSM accurately.
 System determines correctly on which
side of track the crack is detected and
according to that correct message is
sent to registered numbers.
 Thus, the device would help to avoid
the train accidents.

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CONCLUSION
Our proposed design is facing a new challenge to
improve the reliability of rail testing techniques, with
new and emerging technology that aid the detection
of rail defects.
It also saves lot of times whereas manual systems
take more time for the line man or station master to
inform the control room which will consume a
considerable amount of time.
It is completely automated there are fewer chances
for error to occur.
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FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
In this project , we are using line connectivity and
IR Sensor for detecting cracks and obstacle in track.
In future work some more sensors can be adopted to
fasten the crack detection.
We may also use the CCTV systems with IP based
camera for monitoring the visual videos captured
from the track.
It will also increase the security for the both rails
and passengers from terrorism and crime.

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REFERENCE
 Avinash.Vanimireddy, Aruna Kumari D, (July 2013), Automatic Broken
Track Detection Using LED-LDR Assembly,IJETT, Volume 4, Issue 7.
 Boylestad F.R.L and Nashelsky L, (2012), Railway crack detection
using gpa technology, 9th edition, Prentice Hall, USA, pp. 196-199.
 Cacciola M, Megali G, Pellicanµo D, Calcagno S, Versaci M, Morabito
F.C, Rotating Electromagnetic Field for Crack Detection in Railway
Tracks, DIMET Department, University \Mediterranea of Reggio
Calabria Via GraziellaFeo di Vito, Reggio Calabria Italy.
 Mahalakshmi V, (2013), GPS Based Railway Track Survey System,
International Journal of Computer Science and Security.
 Muralidharan V, Dinesh V, Manikandan P, (March 2015) An Enhanced
crack detection system for railway track, IJETT, Volume 21, Number 06.

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