THERMODYNA

MICS -I
Topic:

Heat Engine
Presented By:
Noman Tariq (2019-CH-02).
 HEAT
ENGINE
Heat Engine is a device that converts heat or
thermal energy to mechanical energy which can
be used to mechanical work.
Heat engines have following characteristics:
• They receive heat from a high-temperature
source (solar energy, oil furnace, nuclear
reactor, etc.).
• They convert part of this heat to work (usually
in the form of a rotating shaft).
• They reject the remaining waste heat to a low-
temperature sink (the atmosphere, rivers, etc.).
• They operate on a cycle.
 Thermal
Efficiency
The thermal efficiency of a heat engine is the percentage
of heat energy that is transformed into work.
ηth =
 

Cyclic devices of practical interest such as heat engines, refrigerators, and

heat pumps operate between a high-temperature medium (or reservoir) at
temperature TH and a low-temperature medium (or reservoir) at temperature TL
.
Wnet = QH - QL

ηth =
 
Or ηth = 1-
 
problem

The following heat engines produce power of 95,000

kW. Determine in each case the rates at which heat is
absorbed from the hot reservoir and discarded to the
cold reservoir.

(a) A Carnot engine operates between heat reservoirs

at 750 K and 300 K.
(b) A practical engine operates between the same heat
reservoirs but with a thermal efficiency η = 0.35
Solution
  Given:
W = 95000 kW Ƞ = 0.35

Solution:
  TC
Ƞ =1 − Ƞ  = 1 -
(a) TH

ƞ=
    W   95000 𝑘𝑊
QH = QH = 𝑸
  𝐇 =𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟑𝟑𝟑 . 𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝐤𝐖
ƞ 0.6

Q
  C =Q H −W Q
  c =158333.333 kW − 95000 kW

 𝑸 𝐜 =𝟔𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 . 𝟑𝟑 𝐤𝐖
Solution
  Ƞ = 0.35
(b) ƞ=

  0.35

𝑸
  𝐇 =𝟐𝟕𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟖 . 𝟓𝟕𝟏𝟒 𝐤𝐖

Q
  C =Q H −W

  271428.5714 kW – 95000 kW

 𝑸 𝐜 =𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟒𝟐𝟖 . 𝟓𝟕𝟏𝟒 𝐤𝐖