VOCABULARY

KEY VOCABULARY
IDEAS & SOLUTIONS
A Describe ideas and solutions%
Match the adjectives to their meanings I think affordable
means ____.
1. for individual use personal
2. economically prices affordable
3. new, original and advanced innovative
4. easy to carry around portable
5. very special and/or unusual unique
6. not for permanent use temporary
7. of great help beneficial
8. really necessary essential
D escribing help
and benefits

We can use ADJECTIVES

and NOUNS to talk about
helping others.
Train nap cap is beneficial to
people when they travel long
hours in public
transportation.

Train nap cap is of benefit to

people when they travel long
hours in public
transportation..
Pizza scissors are helpful to
pizza companies.

Pizza scissors are a great

help to pizza companies.
D escribing help
and benefits

We can use VERBS to

talk about helping
others.
 Benefit from

Lonely and single girls benefit from the boyfriend

pillow.
 Benefit somebody

Tissue dispenser hat

benefits many people
when they get a cold.
 help someone do
something

The bowl cellphone

support helps people
eat while they check
their phones.
 enable someone to
do something

The noodle-cooler
enables people to eat
soup safely.
allow someone to do
something

The butter stick

allows people to eat
wherever they want.
 support someone

Water-purifying devices
support poor people
around the world.
The verb afford is often used with can't and in questions with
can.

Can you afford

them?

I can't afford the

telescope goggles.
They're really
expensive.
GRAMMAR

Passive voice
 PASSIVE VOICE
We use the passive voice when we don't want to emphasize who or what does the
action. We emphasize whom or what receives the action.

People hold a wife carrying

competition in Finland.
ACTIVE VOICE

A wife carrying competition is

held in Finland.
PASSIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE- SIMPLE PRESENT

SUBJECT + IS/ARE + PAST PARTICIPLE

FIFA organizes the World

Cup.
ACTIVE VOICE

The world Cup is organized

by FIFA.
PASSIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE- SIMPLE PAST

SUBJECT + WAS/WERE + PAST PARTICIPLE

Scar killed Mufasa.

ACTIVE VOICE

Mufasa was killed by

Scar.
PASSIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE- PRESENT CONTINUOUS
SUBJECT + IS/ARE BEING + PAST PARTICIPLE

Graña & Montero is firing

many employees.
ACTIVE VOICE

Many employees are being

fired by Graña&Montero.
PASSIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE- PRESENT PERFECT
SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS BEEN + PAST PARTICIPLE

Nissan has made the skyline

GRT since the 1980s.
ACTIVE VOICE

The Skyline GRT has been

made since the 1980s.
PASSIVE VOICE
 PASSIVE VOICE- WITH MODALS
SUBJECT + WILL/COULD/SHOULD/MAY BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

Disney will release the new

Star Wars movie in 2021.
ACTIVE VOICE

The new Star Wars movie

will be released in 2022.
PASSIVE VOICE
 PASSIVE VOICE
SIMPLE PRESENT Is/are + past participle
SIMPLE PAST was/were + past participle

PRESENT PERFECT Has/have been + past participle

PRESENT CONTINUOUS Is/are being + past participle

MODALS Will/must/may/might/should be +
past participle
VOCABULARY
Mary enjoyed trying her French out on Jean-Clou.
You need to keep up if you want to win the
competition.
He was almost burnt out by the time he was 50.
There was a lot of pressure in his former job.
She gave up her job and started writing poetry.
You’ll have an accident if you carry on driving
like that.
I took yoga up for a while, but soon lost interest.
RELATIVE CLAUSES
 RELATIVE CLAUSES
We use relative clauses to give more information about a person or thing.

My brother is the boy there. He has a We rented a cottage. It was lonely.

cap.
We rented a cottage that was
My brother is the boy who has a cap . lonely.
 RELATIVE CLAUSES
We use relative clauses to give more information about a person or thing.

Michelangelo was both a painter

and a sculptor. He also wrote
poems.

Michelangelo was both a painter

and a sculptor who/that also wrote
poems.
 OMITING WHO AND THAT

We can only omit who and that if it is not the subject of the verb that follows.

(They is the subject of the (I is the subject of the verb, so

verb, so we can omit that) we can omit that)

The socks (that) they are This is the girl (who/that) I met
wearing are super cute. at the summer camp.
 RELATIVE CLAUSES
Wecan
We useonly
relative
omit clauses
who andto give
that if itmore
is notinformation
the subject about a person
of the verb or thing.
that follows.

My neighbor is a girl who is

always making noise.

(a girl is the subject of the verb,

so we can't omit it)