MODULE 1:

MICROPLANNING

ACHYUT SHRESTHA, MD
EPI Medical Officer
World Health Organization
 Critical Steps
1. Determine the number of eligible
population for COVID-19
vaccination in your area
4. Assign teams and vaccinees to an
implementing unit / vaccination post
3. Identify the number of supervisors,
2. Identify the implementing units in you
vaccination teams, AEFI/AESI
areas, and the number of vaccination
composite teams and other personnel
posts/sites, and plot in an operational spot
needed and available for the vaccination
map
campaign
5. Estimate the vaccine requirement and 6. Identify gaps in cold chain
ancillary supplies needed capacity
Critical Steps

7. Ensure timely delivery of 8. Prepare a daily vaccination 9. Develop a communication plan

logistics session plan and implement social mobilization
and advocacy activities

10. Prepare a supervision and 11. Prepare an AEFI/AESI 12. Develop a waste management
monitoring plan and schedule management, surveillance and plan
response plan
Critical Step 1: Determine the number of eligible population for COVID-19 vaccination
in your area

a. Utilize data gathered during the profiling (Electronic Immunization Registry) in

determining the number of eligible population for COVID-19 vaccination.
b. Once the type of vaccine to be deployed in your area is determined, work closely
with the DOH CO and CHD in determining the final eligible population based on
the inclusion and exclusion criteria as provided in the DOH guidelines.
c. Ensure that data in the Electronic Immunization Registry are complete. And
triangulate the accuracy of the profiling data with existing data available in the LGU.
d. Determine the eligible population per municipality/city.
e. Then, disaggregate the eligible population by barangay and/or implementing unit.
Who will be vaccinated?
Who will be vaccinated?

Eligible Population Definition of Terms

c) Barangay Health Workers ● ALL Barangay Health Workers in active service

including Barangay Health ● ALL active members of the BHERTs (based on appropriate documents stating
Emergency Response Teams designation as BHERTs team, e.g. LGU EO, resolution, and/or ordinance)

● Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and its regional and
local counterparts
○ All employees manning close-setting facilities and long-term care
facilities, e.g. orphanage, home for the aged, women’s crisis centers.
○ Social workers providing social amelioration, and social services in the
communities
● Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
d) Other NGAs ○ Those hired by DILG as contact tracers (active service)
● Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP under DILG)
○ All employees and health workers assigned in direct contact with Persons
Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) such as jail officers, wardens, and/or guards
● Bureau of Corrections (BuCor under DOJ)
○ All employees and health workers assigned in direct contact with Persons
Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) such as jail officers, wardens, and/or guards
Who will be vaccinated?

Eligible Population Definition of Terms

● ALL indigent senior citizens registered and as determined by the Department of

2: Indigent Senior Citizens Social Welfare and Development

● ALL senior citizens (not categorized as indigent) registered and as determined by

3: Remaining Senior Citizens
the Department of Social Welfare and Development

● ALL indigent population as determined by the Department of Social Welfare and

4: Remaining Indigent Population Development

● All enlisted uniformed personnel in active services under the:

5: Uniformed personnel
○ Armed Forces of the Philippines
○ Philippine National Police
○ Philippine Coast Guard
○ Bureau of Fire Protection
○ Citizen Armed Force Geographical Unit
Critical Step 1: Determine the number of eligible population for COVID-19 vaccination
in your area
The projected total population for 2021. These are already
REGIONAL POPULATION (2021) predetermined. The DOH CO will provide these information
LGU (MUNICIPAL/CITY) POPULATION (2021)
based on the projected population given by the Philippine
Statistics Authority.
Eligible Population # of Eligible Percentage
Population
1: Frontline Health Workers
a) Public and private health facilities (Hospitals,
TRCs and TTMFs)

b) Public health workers (all RHU/CHO

personnel; PHO, PDOHO, CHD and CO
field workers) and LGU contact tracers
Extract the information from the Electronic Immunization
c) Barangay Health Workers including BHERTS
Registry. Then, compute the percentage of each population
d) Other NGAs (DSWD, DepEd, DILG, BJMP & groups.
Bureau of Correction)

2: Indigent Senior Citizens

3: Remaining Senior Citizens
4: Remaining Indigent Population
5: Uniformed personnel (PNP, AFP, PCG, BFP,
CAFGU)
TOTAL 100%
Critical Step 1: Determine the number of eligible population for COVID-19 vaccination
in your area
Eligible Population Barangay 1 Barangay 2 Barangay 3 Barangay 4 Barangay 5 TOTAL

1: Frontline Health Workers

a) Public and private health facilities (Hospitals,

TRCs and TTMFs)

b) Public health workers (all RHU/CHO

personnel; PHO, PDOHO, CHD and CO
field workers) and LGU contact tracers

c) Barangay Health Workers including BHERTS

d) Other NGAs (DSWD, DepEd, DILG, BJMP &

Bureau of Correction)

2: Indigent Senior Citizens

3: Remaining Senior Citizens

4: Remaining Indigent Population

5: Uniformed personnel (PNP, AFP, PCG, BFP,

CAFGU)

TOTAL 100%
Critical Step 2: Identify the implementing units in your area, and the
number of vaccination sites/posts, and plot in an operational spot map

a. Fixed-post vaccination strategy. The following shall be utilized as implementing units:

i. Medical centers, hospitals and infirmaries (private and public)
ii. Rural Health Units
iii. Health facilities of other government agencies (e.g. AFP hospitals and facilities,
BJMP/BuCor health facilities, and DepEd clinics)
iv. Private clinics
b. The implementing units may have several vaccination sites/posts within its vicinity.
c. Each vaccination post shall have at least three (3) or more vaccination and AEFI/AESI
composite teams.
Critical Step 2: Identify the implementing units in your area, and the
number of vaccination sites/posts, and plot in an operational spot map
Implementing Units # of Vaccination Sites/Posts
a.
● Hospitals (government) b.
c.
a.
● Hospitals (private ) b.
c.
a.
● Rural Health Units b.
c.
a.
● Health Facilities of other agencies b.
c.
a.
● Private Clinics (for mapping) b.
c.
TOTAL
Critical Step 2: Identify the implementing units in your area, and the
number of vaccination sites/posts, and plot in an operational spot map
EXAMPLES

● LGUs may utilize this link to map out

facilities (except for private clinics) in
the area:
https://nhfr.doh.gov.ph/rfacilities2list.p
hp

Digital Mapping of Vaccination Sites in Pasig City

Critical Step 3: Identify the number of supervisors, vaccination teams, AEFI/AESI
composite teams, and other personnel needed and available for the vaccination
campaign
Operational Guidelines
● Vaccination Team composition (6) ● Other personnel needed in the implementing unit
○ (2) Screening and Assessment: Physician/Nurse/Midwife (fixed point strategy):
○ (1) Counselor: Allied Professionals/ Volunteers from partner ○ Local Officials (barangay captains)
agencies (e.g. teachers, social workers, medical students, etc) ○ Security Personnel (PNP)
○ (1) Vaccinator: Nurse/Midwife of RHU ○ Drivers
○ (2) Documenter/Recorder and V/S taking: ○ Safety Officers (Barangay Tanods, among
Midwife/BHW/Health Staff / Volunteers from partner others)
agencies (e.g. teachers, social workers, medical students, etc)
● One (1) supervisor, preferably a physician, for at least three (3)
vaccination team

● AEFI Composite Team composition (2)
○ (1) Monitor: Paramedic/Nurse/Midwife
○ (1) Surveillance: Surveillance Officer/Nurse/Midwife
/Pharmacist
● Personnel needed in the community/health facility
(house-to-house strategy):
○ Social mobilizers: BHWs
○ Navigators/Transport: BHWS and Local
Officials, Health Facility Management
Critical Step 3: Identify the number of supervisors, vaccination teams, AEFI/AESI
composite teams, and other personnel needed and available for the vaccination
campaign
Operational Guidelines
● One (1) vaccination team = One (1) ● Daily Vaccination Schedule
AEFI/AESI composite team ○ 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM
● One (1) vaccination team: 100 ○ 15 mins break in the morning and in the afternoon
vaccinees/day ○ One (1) hour lunch break

● Develop a contingency plan to ensure availability of sufficient number of human resource are
available while considering the following:
○ Human resource assigned for the COVID-19 pandemic response should NOT be utilized as part
of the Vaccination Campaign Teams or personnel.
○ Possibility of COVID-19 infection among the Vaccination Campaign Teams
○ Services offered in health facilities should not hampered because of the vaccination campaign, if
so kept to a minimal.
○ Possibility of health workers experiencing side effects, whether it be mild or severe, after
vaccination.
Critical Step 3: Identify the number of supervisors, vaccination teams, AEFI/AESI
composite teams, and other personnel needed and available for the vaccination
campaign
COMPOSITION # of Teams / Individuals Required

Vaccination Team

For Screening and Assessment:

For Counseling:

As Vaccinator:

As Documenter/Recorder:

AEFI/AESI Team

As Monitor/Responder:

As Surveillance Personnel:

Supervisor:
Critical Step 4: Assign teams and vaccinees to an implementing unit / vaccination
post

a. Determine the eligible population to be vaccinated in the implementing unit / vaccination

post
i. Assign frontline health workers and to facilities where they are employed/deployed.
ii. For frontline workers or uniformed personnel employed/deployed in an agency without
any health facility, assign them to the Rural Health Units.
iii. For senior citizens and indigent population, assign them in a facility nearest from their
residence.
b. Allocate Teams based on the number of eligible population assigned to the implementing
unit / vaccination post
Critical Step 4: Assign teams and vaccinees to an implementing unit / vaccination
post

EXAMPLE

Eligible
No. of No. of No. of No. of
Population Vaccination Available Composite Available No. of No. of
Barangay Vaccination Post assigned to Gap Gap Supervisors available Gap
Teams Vaccination Teams Composite
vaccination required Teams required Teams required supervisors
posts

B1 RHU 1 5,467 8 4 4 8 6 2 3 2 1

Private Clinic 1 600 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0

B2 Hospital 1

DepEd Clinic 1

B3
Critical Step 5: Estimate the vaccine requirement and ancillary supplies needed

LOGISTICS Formula LOGISTICS Formula

● Still to be determined: Eligible
population ÷ __ ( ___doses per via) x
● Vaccines ___ (wastage factor) = Total # of
COVID-19 vaccine vials
● Diluents ● Still to be determined
● AD syringes ● Still to be determined
● Mixing syringes ● Still to be determined
● AEFI or epinephrine ● At least one AEFI/AESI kit per
kits composite team
● Total ADS + Total Mixing syringes)/100
● Safety Collection x1.1 (WF) = Safety Box Quantity
Boxes (SCBs)
Requirement
● Face mask: Total HR x 2 masks/day x 7
● PPEs days x 2 rounds; Face Shield: Total HR x
1 face shield
● Alcohol: 1 bottle of alcohol/HR per day
● Alcohols, cottons x 7 days x 2 rounds; 2 cotton balls per
vaccinee x 2 rounds
● Vaccine carriers and ice
packs
● Vaccine refrigerators
● Thermal Gun, BP Apparatus,
Stethoscope, Pulse Oximeter
● Immunization cards
● Campaign Forms and
Checklists (supervisory
checklists, tally sheets,
summary report forms, AEFI
forms)
● Cot beds
● Ambulance
● 1 vaccine carrier per 1
Vaccination Team
● Still to be determined
● 2 set per 1 Vaccination Team
● 1 immunization card per vaccine
● 1 set per team/day
● 1 bed per composite team
● 1 ambulance per implementing
unit
Critical Step 6: Identify gaps in cold chain capacity
Make an inventory of refrigerators and freezers specifying model,
Refrigerators manufacturer, number, energy source and the net vaccine and coolant-
pack storage capacities

Electrical Check electrical system for reliability, accessibility,

system quality and security

Vaccine Evaluate number of cold boxes, vaccine carriers and

coolant-packs. Conduct an inventory of existing
Carriers equipment at each health care facility.

Lorem the
ipsum dolor and
sit amet, consectetur adipiscing
Temperature Assess number
elit. Duis st amet
condition
odio veldevices,
of thermometer/
purus bibendum luctus.
temperature monitoring temperature
monitoring monitoring sheets
Critical Step 7:
Ensure timely delivery of logistics
Critical Step 8: Prepare a Daily Vaccination Session Plan
(Daily Itinerary)
a. Plot the activities or assignment of each implementing unit / vaccination post on a daily
basis, include in the plan:
i. Identification of teams required
ii. Determination of the eligible population assigned for the day; and the expected number
of vaccinees to be vaccinated per day
iii. Determination of the transportation mechanism for the vaccinees and the teams,
ensuring physical distancing is considered in computing the transportation sitting
capacity required
iv. Determine the resources needed for the vaccination post, and its quantity
Critical Step 8: Prepare a Daily Vaccination Session Plan
(Daily Itinerary)
Date of Vaccination Assigned Eligible Daily Target to Transportation Transport Resources
Immunization Posts Vaccination population be Vaccinated mechanism for mechanism needed with
Schedule Teams and Vaccination Team for vaccinees quantity
Composite and Composite
Teams Teams

March 15 Hospital 1 Team 1 upto Frontline Health 300 3 hired vans none vaccines (#)
Team 3 Workers syringes (#)
Safety collector
boxes (4)
Vaccine Carriers
(3)
Ice Packs (12)
and etc

March 18 Hospital 2 Team 6-10 Senior Citizen in 500 8 vans 10 jeepneys vaccines (#)
the AM syringes (#)
Indigent Safety collector
Population in the boxes (6)
PM Vaccine Carriers
(5)
Ice Packs (20)
and etc
Critical Step 8: Develop a communication plan for community advocacy, social
mobilization, partnership and engagement

● List of community leaders to proactively engage in advocacy/ social mobilization

Critical Step 9: Prepare a supervision and monitoring plan and schedule
Vaccination Team Supervisor
Implementing Unit Level Supervisor
LGU Level Supervisor
Monitors and Independent Monitors
● Visit Vaccination Teams at least once a day for supportive supervision
using the Supervision Checklist
● Compile vaccination team reports, analyze them and report to higher
level
● Review team performance and undertake corrective actions if needed
● Visit Vaccination Teams with Team Supervisors, at least once a day for
supportive supervision using the Supervision Checklist
● Compile and review vaccination team reports, analyze them and
report to higher level
● Review team performance and undertake corrective actions if needed
● Communicate daily with Coordinating team
● Visit implementing units 1-2 weeks prior to campaign to monitor
progress in preparedness.
● Support training and microplanning activities
● Review submitted reports, compile and analyze health center level
data
● Visit vaccination sites and complete monitoring forms
● Participate in meetings of the coordination team
● Assist in troubleshooting, as needed
Critical Step 10: Prepare an AEFI/AESI Management, Surveillance and
Response Plan

a. Determine how many AEFI/AESI kits are required per vaccination post.
b. Ensure that each composite team has the following emergency equipment:
○ BP apparatus
○ Stethoscope
○ Penlight
○ Cot Bed / Stretcher
c. Identify AEFI/AESI referral facility for each composite team, and identify contact person
in the referral facility and his/her contact numbers.
d. Ensure that an emergency transport vehicle is on standby in the vaccination post.
Critical Step 10: Prepare an AEFI/AESI Management, Surveillance and
Response Plan

CONTENTS OF AN
AEFI/AESI KIT:

Reference:

WHO SIA Field Guide

Critical Step 10: Prepare an AEFI/AESI Management, Surveillance and
Response Plan
Vaccination Posts No. of Composite No. of AEFI/AESI Kits Emergency Referral Facility Contact Person/s Contact Assigned
Team Assigned Equipment Details Emergency
Needed Transport Vehicle

RHU 1 3 Teams (Team 1- 3 Kits (with complete Cot Bed / Pasig City General Dr. Juan Dela 0917 569 RHU Ambulance
3) items) Stretcher: 6 Hospital Cruz 3455 Plate No. TG
BP: 3 3485
Stethoscope 3
Pen light: 3

Hospital 2
Critical Step 11: Develop a Waste Management Plan

● Understanding the health care waste management system in general

requires the proper planning and implementation of managing wastes to be
generated in the nationwide COVID-19 vaccination considering the
complexity of the nature of the vaccine.

● Proper handling, storage, collection and disposal of the wastes shall be

followed to ensure protection of the environment and the general public.

** To be discussed in Module 8
MODULE 6:
COVID-19 VACCINE
ADMINISTRATION

MARIA WILDA T. SILVA, MD, MBA-H

OIC Children’s Health Development Division Chief
Department of Health
Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area and
b) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area and
b) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
I. Basic facts about COVID-19
COVID-19 disease is caused by a novel coronavirus called
SARS-CoV-2. The virus is mainly transmitted from person to
person via droplets, contact, and fomites. It is transmitted
when an infected person/individual coughs, sneezes, or
exhales producing droplets of saliva containing the COVID-19
virus. COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs but can also affect
other organs.
Symptoms
Symptoms may appear 2 to 14 days after exposure to the virus.

Symptoms may appear 2 to 14 days after exposure to the virus.

Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area and
b) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
The COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy House-to-house
social
mobilization
strategy
(BHWS as social
mobilizers and
navigators)

Pick-up Points
(with scheduled transport
arrangement to prevent
traffic in the Vaccination Fixed point
Sites) vaccination
strategy
(Vaccination and
Composite Teams)

Implementation of
Community and Facility
Implementing
Infection Prevention and units or
Control (IPC) measures and Vaccination Sites
Minimum Health Standards at
all levels and points.
Preparing the Vaccination Site
Counsellin Post-
Registra Screenin Vaccinati Vaccination
g and Final
tion Consent
g on Area Monitoring
Area (2) Area (1) Area (2) (1) Area (2)

S S S S BP, AEFI
S A Project A A Vaccin
A
Kit,
QR BP,
A or or TV
VT and Temp, e, Ambulan
Data PE, syring
1 e, SCB
ce
Syste Present
m Hx

S S S
A A A Vaccin
QR BP,
and Temp, e,
VT Data PE, syring
2 Syste Present e, SCB
m Hx

S S S
A A A
QR BP, Vaccin
and Temp, e,
VT Data PE, syring
3 Syste Present e, SCB
m Hx

Entranc Vaccination Exit Entranc Exit

Waiting Area e Proper e Post - Vaccination
3-5 5 minutes 3-5 1-2 Area
minutes ~12-17 minutes minutes 30 minutes - 1
minutes hour
The Vaccination Procedure
COMPOSITE
VACCINATION TEAM
TEAM

Pre- Post-
vaccination vaccination
Registration  
Screening Vaccination Monitoring,
(2) Counselling (1)
and Final (2) Surveillance
Consent and Recording
(2)
(1)
✔ Scan QR code ✔ Utilize script ✔ Conduct ✔ Utilize ✔ Observe the patient
generated from Pre- and checklist checklist for 30 mins- 1 hour and
History-
registration ✔ Counsel watch out for any SOB,
taking and before
syncope, anaphylactic
patients by Physical administerin
✔Checklist of reaction.
batches Examination g ✔ Monitor Vital Signs
information ✔ Answer ✔ Utilize vaccination every 15 minutes.
✔ Document questions Checklist and ✔ Ensure ✔ Utilize checklist
requirements about vaccine Form proper ✔ Respond and give first
✔ Health and possible vaccination aid to patients with
declaration side effects technique AEFI.
form ✔ Play Video on ✔ Give the ✔ Refer to hospital if
✔ Informed COVID-19 immunizatio further management
consent Vaccine n card to the needed.
vaccinee
Checklist/Procedure

Registration

❏ Ask the vaccinee to sanitize hands and get his/her

temperature
❏ Scan QR code or Register ID number
❏ Verify Patient’s identity with any government-issued ID
(contains photo, birthday, signature) or passport
❏ Remind the vaccinee to follow the minimum health standards
within the vicinity
❏ Direct the vaccinee to the counseling area
Checklist/Procedure

Counseli
ng

❏ Group the vaccinees (even those from other teams) to at least 6-12
individuals
❏ Play a DOH explainer video to the group
❏ Encourage the vaccinee to ask questions and clarifications and address
issues that he/she may have
❏ Explain to and educate vaccinee on COVID-19 Vaccine - what it is,
how it protects, administration and possible side effects
❏ Provide educational materials (pamphlets with FAQs) at suitable reading
levels to the patient (available in patient’s local language) and vaccine
information statements (VISs or Emergency Use Authorization [EUA]
forms, if required)
❏ Ask vaccinee to sign the Final Consent form.
Checklist/Procedure

Screening

❏ Take the Vital Signs of the vaccinee (may be done simulataneously

with history taking)
❏ Conduct History-Taking,
❏ Focus on the present history (past history and co-morbidities are
gathered during registration and profiling)
❏ Ask for the following: allergies, fever, bleeding disorder or are
on blood thinners, are immunocompromised or are on a
medicines that affect the immune system, pregnant or plan to
become pregnant, breastfeeding, have received another
COVID-19 vaccine
❏ Conduct Physical Examination
Checklist/Procedure

Vaccina
tion
❏ Scan QR code
❏ Perform proper hygiene techniques to clean hands before vaccine administration, between vaccinee, and anytime
hands become soiled
❏ Triple-check labels and expiration dates or beyond use dates, and appearance of vaccine before administration
❏ Use a new needle and new syringe for each injection
❏ Perform aseptic technique
❏ Administer vaccines using the correct route, injection site and angle, as per manufacturer instructions
❏ Administer vaccine following safe injection practices (No pre-filling of syringes and no recapping of needles)
❏ Inform the vaccinee the possible reactions after vaccination
❏ Place used needles and syringes in a safety collection box following administration
❏ Document in Immunization card and in the data system the following: QR code number and Vaccine lot number,
expiration date, vaccinator’s name/signature, date of administration, and the schedule of the next dose (the encoder
of the team my help the vaccinator perform this task)
❏ Double check accuracy of information in the system and in the immunization card
❏ Give the Immunization Card to the vaccinee
❏ Instruct the vaccinee of his/her next dose and schedule, and to bring his/her vaccination card on the next schedule
Checklist/Procedure

Monitori
ng

❏ Monitor and record patient’s vital signs every 15 minutes for 30 minutes
post-vaccination
❏ Play DOH videos and provide information to the vaccinee during the
observation period
❏ Instruct the vaccinee on possible adverse reactions and when, how,
and where to report if he/she manifest signs and symptoms
❏ Provide information on post-marketing surveillance
❏ Observe the patient and watch out for any symptoms of shortness of
breath, syncope and anaphylactic reaction, or any reaction as stipulated
by the manufacturer
❏ Respond and give first aid to vaccinee for possible AEFI/AESI
❏ Refer vaccinee to hospital for further management needed
 In setting up a vaccination post

Establish the purpose and goal of your vaccination site

• including target population,
• whether it is open to the public or only for targeted groups,
• numbers to be served, and
• vaccine(s) to be offered

Once the purpose is established, identify staffing and resources

appropriate for the vaccination site and size.
Infection Prevention and Control Protocol

Details

Vaccination post: ● Open or well-ventilated areas

● Frequently disinfected areas
● Spacious enough to implement physical distancing, crowd control measures
● Separate entrance and exit areas
● Separate tables for each step of the vaccination procedure, e.g. separate
screening and vaccination areas
● Limit number of vaccinees within the vaccination area to <24 individuals at a
given time

Vaccination Team and ● Wear face mask and face shield

Composite Team, and other
personnel in the Vaccination
Site:
● Practice hand hygiene before and after procedure/vaccinee
● Limit contact between vaccinator and vaccinee to less than 15 min
● Daily self-monitoring for COVID-19 symptoms (see client flow in guidelines)
● Log-in upon entering and exiting a vaccination area on a daily basis

Vaccinees: ● Wear face mask and face shield

● Frequently practice of hand hygiene
Preparing the equipment and logistics needed in the vaccination site
Post-
Pre-vaccination
Registration Vaccination
Waiting Area Counseling and Screening Vaccination
Area Monitoring &
Final Consent
Surveillance

● Single ● Computer ( ● Projector or TV ● BP Apparatus ● Vaccine & ● AEFI/AESI Kit

● QR Scanner ● Counseling ● Thermometers Diluent ● Cot Bed /
Chairs
● Table (for video (DOH) ● Stethoscopes ● AD and Mixing Stretchers
● Handwashi ● Tables Syringes ● Single Chairs
each team) ● Script for the
ng Area ● Single Chairs counselor ● Single chairs ● Vaccine Carriers ● BP Apparatus
(with soap for the VT ● IEC Materials for VT and for with ice packs ● Pulse
● ● the vaccinee ● Safety Collection Oximeters
and Handwashin Informed
● Handwashing Boxes ● Stethoscopes
running g Area (with Consent Form
Area (with ● Alcohol & Cotton ● Ambulance
soap and ● Pens
water) or soap and ● Immunization ● Checklists
running ● Single Chairs for
Sanitation running water) Cards ● AEFI/AESI
water) or the vaccinees
or Sanitation ● Pens Forms
area with Sanitation ● Table
area with ● Tables ● List of referral
alcohol area with ● Handwashing
alcohol ● Single Chairs facilities with
dispenser alcohol Area / dispenser ● Checklists contact details
● PPEs (Face dispenser Sanitation area ● Checklists ● Handwashing/ ● Handwashing/
● PPEs (Face ● PPEs (Face mask ● PPEs (Face Sanitation Area Sanitation Area
mask and
mask and and shield) mask and ● PPEs (Face mask ● PPEs (Face
shield) shield) shield) and shield) mask and
shield)
Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccine, b) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area
and c) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and
facilitating signing of consent form

Assess whether the client is eligible for covid-19 Screening of Eligible Clients
vaccination for Immunization
● Determine the age
● Nature/kind of work ● Health status/ BMI,
● History of Exposure ● History of allergy to any
● Economic status drugs and food,
● Have any allergies ● Presence of comorbidities
● Have a fever ● History of taking
● Have a bleeding disorder or are on a blood
thinner maintenance drugs
● Are immunocompromised or are on a medicine
that affects your immune system
● Pregnant or plan to become pregnant
● Breastfeeding
● Have received another COVID-19 vaccine
Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccine, b) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area
and c) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
Vaccine Administration
• Proper vaccine administration is critical to ensure that
vaccination is safe and effective.
• Recommends that all health care personnel who administer
vaccines receive comprehensive, competency-based training
on vaccine administration policies and procedures BEFORE
administering vaccines. Comprehensive, skills-based training
should be integrated into existing staff education programs
such as new staff orientation and annual education
requirements.
COVID19 VACCINES –
Which Ones?

VEP
November
How do COVID-19 Vaccines work?
Inactivated or weakened virus vaccines:
● Uses a form of the virus that has been inactivated or weakened so it
doesn’t cause disease, but still generates an immune response.
Protein-based vaccines:
● Use harmless fragments of proteins or protein shells that mimic the
COVID-19 virus to safely generate an immune response.
Viral Vector vaccines:
● Use a virus that has been genetically engineered so that it can’t cause
disease, but produces coronavirus proteins to safely generate an immune
response.
RNA and DNA vaccines:
● A cutting-edge approach that uses genetically engineered RNA or DNA
to generate a protein that itself safely prompts an immune response.
SINO
BHA
VAC SINOPHA RAT
RMA
Source: Sec.Carlito
Galvez Logistics
Speed, Scale,
6
Access 0
Information on COVID-19 Vaccines
Cold Chain
Requireme Route of
Name of Vaccine Vaccinatio
nt Age Administra Interval Dose Type Appearance
Vaccine platform n Site
tion

2-8 °C Adults, Alternating

Protein (shelf life Upper Older IM 2 doses at
Novovax undetermi 0, 21 days ? ?
Sub-unit Outer Arm Adults (18- (Deltoid) 0.5 ml
ned) 84 y/o) Injection
Oxford/ Upper
Viral 18 y/o and 2 doses at
Astrazenec 2-8 °C Outer Arm IM 0,28 days ? ?
vector above 0.5 ml
a (Deltoid)

white to off
white
suspension
Frozen before and
-70°C or Upper 0,28 days multiple after dilution;
Pfizer/ -80°C ≥12 y/o 2 doses at
RNA Outer Arm and above IM (3 weeks dose may contain
BionTech (2years) 0.3 ml
(Deltoid) apart) vials + white to off-
diluent white
opaque
amorphous
particles.
Information on COVID-19 Vaccines

Cold Chain Route of

Name of Vaccine Vaccination
Requiremen Age Administra Interval Dose Type Appearance
Vaccine platform Site
t tion

white to
off-white
suspension;
70 or -80°C Upper Frozen may contain
2 doses at
Moderna RNA - 20°C (10 Outer Arm ALL IM 0, 28 days multiple white or
months) 0.5 ml
(Deltoid) dose vials translucent
product-
related
particulates.

2-8°C (5
months);
Upper
25°C (42 2 doses at
Sinovac Inactivated Outer Arm 18-59 y/o IM 0, 28 days ? ?
days); 0.5 ml
(Deltoid)
37°C (28
days)

Non- Upper
2 doses at
Gamaleya replicating -16°C Outer Arm 18-60 y/0 IM 0, 21 days ? ?
0.5 ml
viral vector (Deltoid)
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Pfizer Vaccine)

How to thaw the vaccine

● Vaccine may be thawed in the refrigerator or at room temperature.

● Refrigerator: Between 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F).
○ 25 to 195 vials may take 2 to 3 hours to thaw in the refrigerator.
○ Fewer number of vials will take less time.
● Room temperature (up to 25⁰C [77⁰F]) between 30 minutes and 2
hours.
● Vials at room temperature must be mixed within 2 hours or returned
to the refrigerator.
● Do NOT refreeze thawed vaccine.
Reference: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-
Department of Health, Philippines
Department of Health, Philippines
Department of Health, Philippines
Department of Health, Philippines
Department of Health, Philippines
Department of Health, Philippines
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Pfizer Vaccine)
How to prepare the vaccine

1. Follow aseptic technique. Perform hand hygiene before vaccine preparation, between patients,
when changing gloves (if worn), and any time hands become soiled.*
2. Remove vaccine from the freezer or refrigerator. Allow vaccine to come to room temperature. Vials
can be held at room temperature for up to 2 hours before mixing. After 2 hours return unmixed
vials to the refrigerator.
3. Before mixing, check the expiration dates of the vaccine and diluent. NEVER use expired vaccine or
diluent.
4. With the vaccine at room temperature, gently invert vial 10 times. Do not shake the vial. If the vial
is shaken, discard the vaccine. The vaccine is a white to off-white in color and may contain opaque
particles. Do not use if liquid is discolored.
5. Using a new, sterile alcohol prep pad for each vial, wipe off the stoppers of the diluent and vaccine
vials.
6. Using a 21-gauge (or narrower) needle, withdraw 1.8 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline,
preservative- free) into a mixing syringe. After use, discard diluent vial and remaining diluent.

Reference: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/pfizer/index.html
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Pfizer Vaccine)
How to prepare the vaccine (cont.)

7. Do NOT use bacteriostatic normal saline or other diluents to mix the vaccine.
8. Inject 1.8 mL 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline, preservative-free) diluent into the vaccine
vial.
9. Using the mixing syringe, remove 1.8 mL of air from the vaccine vial to equalize the pressure in
the vaccine vial.
10. Gently invert the vial containing vaccine and diluent 10 times. The vaccine will be off-white in
color. Do not use if discolored or contains particulate matter. Do not shake. If the vial is
shaken, discard the vaccine.
11. Note the date and time the vaccine was mixed on the vial.
12. Keep mixed vaccine at room temperature (2⁰C to 25⁰C [36⁰F to 77⁰F]) and administer within 6
hours. Discard any unused vaccine after 6 hours. Do not return to refrigerator or freezer
storage.

*Gloves are not required unless the person administering the vaccine is likely to come in contact with potentially
infectious body fluids or has open lesions on the hands. If worn, perform hand hygiene and change gloves between
patients.

Reference: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/pfizer/index.html
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Pfizer Vaccine)
How to administer the vaccine

1. Ensure staff has the correct PPE before administering vaccines and implement
policies for the use of face coverings for people older than 2 years of age (if
tolerated).
2. Choose the correct equipment, including the correct needle size. Use a new, sterile
needle and syringe for each injection.
3. Cleanse the stopper on the vial of mixed vaccine with a new, sterile alcohol prep
pad. Withdraw 0.3 mL of mixed vaccine into the syringe. Ensure the prepared
syringe is not cold to the touch.
4. Remove any air bubbles with the needle still in the vial to avoid loss of vaccine. Use
the same needle* to withdraw and administer the vaccine, unless contaminated or
damaged.
5. Administer the vaccine immediately by intramuscular (IM) injection in the deltoid
muscle.
*Changing needles between drawing vaccine from a vial and injecting it into a recipient is not necessary unless the
needle has been damaged or contaminated.
Reference: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-
Pfizer Vaccine

● Route: Intramuscular
● Dose: 0.3 ml
● Interval: 21 days

Department of Health, Philippines

Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Moderna Vaccine)
Storage and Handling

Storage Prior to Use

As Displayed on the Vial Labels and Cartons

The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine multiple-dose vials are stored frozen
between -25º to -15ºC (-13º to 5ºF). Store in the original carton to
protect from light.

Additional Storage Information Not Displayed on the Vial Labels and Cartons
● Do not store on dry ice or below -40ºC (-40ºF).
● Vials can be stored refrigerated between 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F) for
up to 30 days prior to first use.
● Unpunctured vials may be stored between 8° to 25°C (46° to 77°F)
for up to 12 hours.
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Moderna Vaccine)

Storage and Handling

Storage After First Puncture of the Vaccine Vial

After the first dose has been withdrawn, the vial should be held
between 2° to 25°C (36° to 77°F). Discard vial after 6 hours. Do not
refreeze.
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Moderna Vaccine)

Dosing and Schedule

The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine is administered intramuscularly as a

series of two doses (0.5 mL each) 1 month apart.

There are no data available on the interchangeability of the Moderna

COVID-19 Vaccine with other COVID-19 vaccines to complete the
vaccination series. Individuals who have received one dose of the
Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine should receive a second dose of the
Moderna COVID19 Vaccine to complete the vaccination series.
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Moderna Vaccine)
Dose Preparation
• The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine multiple-dose vial contains a frozen suspension that does
not contain a preservative and must be thawed prior to administration.
• Remove the required number of vial(s) from storage and thaw each vial before use.
• Thaw in refrigerated conditions between 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F) for 2 hours and 30 minutes.
After thawing, let vial stand at room temperature for 15 minutes before administering.
• Alternatively, thaw at room temperature between 15° to 25°C (59° to 77°F) for 1 hour.
• After thawing, do not refreeze.
• Swirl vial gently after thawing and between each withdrawal. Do not shake. Do not dilute the
vaccine.
• The Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine is a white to off-white suspension. It may contain white or
translucent product-related particulates. Visually inspect the Moderna COVID-
19 Vaccine vials for other particulate matter and/or discoloration prior to administration.
If either of these conditions exists, the vaccine should not be administered.
• Each dose is 0.5 mL.
• After the first dose has been withdrawn, the vial should be held between 2° to 25°C (36° to
77°F). Record the date and time of first use on the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine vial label. Discard
vial after 6 hours. Do not refreeze.
Specific Details on Certain Vaccines
- Vaccination Administration (For Moderna Vaccine)
Administration
● Visually inspect each dose of the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine in
the dosing syringe prior to administration. The white to off-white
suspension may contain white or translucent productrelated
particulates. During the visual inspection,
• verify the final dosing volume of 0.5 mL.
• confirm there are no other particulates and that no
discoloration is observed.
• do not administer if vaccine is discolored or contains other
particulate matter.

● Administer the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine intramuscularly.

Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccine, b) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area
and c) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after
vaccination session and scheduling of next vaccination dose
A. Essential Elements of Every Immunization Session

1. The most important elements to observe in dealing with vaccine recipients or clients
are:
1.1. Treat the person with respect;
1.2. Advise him or her of possible adverse events or side-effects and what to do
about them;
1.3. Explain when and where the next immunization session will be held

2. To ease the client’s stress during the vaccination session:

2.1. Display a positive attitude through facial expression, body language and
comments.
2.2. Use a soft and calm tone of voice.
2.3. Explain why this vaccine is needed (e.g. this vaccine will protect you from
getting sick and against Covid-19 disease)
2.4. Explain what to expect (e.g. do not say that injection will not hurt)
B. Step-by-step guide on what to tell clients during a vaccination session

1. Thank the vaccine recipient or client for coming to the immunization session and for
their patience if
they had to wait.
2. Explain in simple terms the Covid-19 diseases and the Covid vaccine used to protect
against it.
3. Describe the possible or potential adverse events or side effects following
immunization and what to do about them.
4. Advise the vaccine recipient or client on what to do if they need to be referred to the
nearest health
center or hospital for referral in case of a SAEFI.
5. If the vaccine given is one dose in a series, explain to the client the importance of
completing the second dose in order to be fully protected. Use the schedule on the
vaccination card as a guide.
6. Write the date for the next appointment for the second dose on the vaccination card. Tell the
client of
the date, time and place as clearly as possible. If possible, link the date to a special occasion or
local
event to help the client remember when to return.
7. If the client cannot come on the said date, ask the client the reason why and when he/she will
be
available soonest. Try to inform the client other alternative dates for the second dose.
8. Remind the client to always bring their vaccination cards if any when they come to be
vaccinated for
the second dose.
9. If the client missed the second dose on the schedule date, do not scold them . Instead, explain
why it is
important for them to complete two doses. Also, explain that you will be giving (as much as
possible)
any missing doses during the current session. Also, request them to come on time for their
next session
or appointment.
10. Finally, ask the client if they have any questions. Make sure you repeat each of these messages
more
than once if necessary. The likelihood that clients will remember your messages increase if
they hear
the messages more than once.
Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccine, b) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area
and c) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
Completing vaccination records and registry
At the end of the vaccination session, complete and update the
clients’ vaccination Cards (Quick Response Code or QR Code) that
were generated using the Online COVID Immunization
Information System (OCIIS) and given to the client.

Updated QR codes are given to the clients who completed

vaccination sessions (whether first dose or second dose) together
with the Immunization Card of the particular dose. Additionally,
the health facility’s or clinic vaccination electronic registry/tally
sheet must likewise be updated

- Refer to Module 2 on the Profiling and Data Management for more

details
Topics:
I. Basic facts on Covid-19, epidemiology and transmission, Infection Prevention and Control measures

II. Important procedure and steps in a) preparing the vaccine, b) preparing the vaccination site and workplace area
and c) preparing equipment needed for vaccination session

III. Appraising/Assessing eligible individuals who came for vaccination and facilitating signing of
consent form

IV. Covid-19 vaccine administration proper technique for all types of vaccine

V. Communicating with eligible individuals during and after vaccination session and scheduling of
next vaccination dose

VI. Completing vaccination records and registry

VII. Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of vaccines to be discarded and
ensuring vaccination work areas are properly maintained and cleaned.
Proper storage of equipment and logistics used, proper disposal of
vaccines to be discarded and ensuring vaccination work areas are
properly maintained and cleaned

A. Handling Covid-19 vaccine vials after opening key principles

1. Always check for the latest information about the suitability of the vaccine to the Multiple Dose
Vial Policy (MDVP) and follow protocols for safe usage. Examples of Covid-19 vaccines that are
Multiple dose vials are the Pfizer/Biontech that comes in 25 or 195 MDV and the Moderna vaccine
2. As a precaution to maintain vaccine safety and quality, the following are recommended until more
information becomes available:
2.1. For opened vials, if possible, use a separate vaccine carrier with a temperature monitoring
device to allow
monitoring of temperature during use.
2.2 Reconstituted vaccine should be discarded 6 hours after opening or at the end of the
immunization session,
whichever comes first.
2.3 Do not use opened vials if temperature in the vaccine carrier is found to exceed recommended
range –
discard vials and replace the coolant-packs as needed.
2.4 Never expose opened vials to direct heat, ultraviolet light or sunlight.
2.5 Never transport or return opened MDV used in vaccination to the cold chain but instead,
discard them.
B. Dispose of used equipment

1. Dispose used needles and syringes safely by doing the following:

a. Use auto-disable (AD) and refill syringes and dispose of them as sharps
waste.
b. Without recapping the needle, discard the used syringe into the safety box
or safe syringe
container.
c. Do not fill the safety collection box more than ¾ of its capacity or up to the
red line marked on the container.
d. Ensure the box is properly labeled with the infectious substances symbol.
e. Seal the safety box before transporting it to the treatment site
c. Dispose vials and rubbish properly by doing the following:

a. Put used vaccine vials and unopened vaccine vials which have expired or
suffered heat
exposure into a red or yellow bag for infectious waste, or into a biohazard
container.
b. Open vials posing a risk of cuts may be classified as sharps waste.
c. Ensure that bags/containers are properly labeled with the infectious
substances symbol.
d. Seal the containers before transporting them to the treatment site
e. If not possible to transport, coordinate with the local government unit
hospital waste unit for
collection. If the LGU does not collect them, bury them for proper disposal.

- Refer to Module 8 on the Health Care Waste Management for more details
Guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic
During the COVID-19 pandemic, additional staff may
be needed to:
• Help enforce physical distancing measures.
• Clean the facility frequently.
• Provide IT support for online processes, including
registration, scheduling, screening for eligibility,
contraindications, and precautions, providing vaccine
information statements or informed consent forms,
etc. This process can help avoid repeated use of
materials (such as pens and  keyboards) and cut down
the time a client is in the vaccination site.
Department of Health, Philippines
Ensure adequate staff has been secured to provide the
following functions:
● Administer vaccine (staff must be licensed/trained to provide vaccine).
● Direct flow.
● Educate patients about the vaccine.
● Greet patients to ensure they are at the correct place and to guide them as appropriate.
● Implement infection control measures.
● Monitor logistical, administrative, and financial activities to support the clinic, including any IT
needs.
● Monitor vaccine temperatures before, during, and after the clinic.
● Provide emergency medical services.
● Provide security.
● Register patients, including collecting any insurance information or fees, as appropriate.
● Report vaccines administered to the next level reporting unit (during or after the clinic).
● Screen for vaccine eligibility and contraindications and precautions.
● Manage vaccines, including storage, handling and transport to clinic if necessary. Secure and
safely transport vaccines to the clinic.

Department of Health, Philippines

Setting up a Vaccination Post

Department of Health, Philippines

Guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic
● Satellite, temporary, or off-site locations must consider local guidance
when establishing measures to protect the vaccination team and clients
from the virus that causes COVID-19. Regardless of the site type,
temporary locations must have sufficient capability to accommodate
physical distancing, inventory management, and appropriate personal
protective equipment (PPE) for vaccination teams.
● Vaccination locations and processes that were successful in previous
years might not be appropriate during the COVID-19 pandemic because
of the need for enhanced safety precautions. Even if the same space is
used, it will likely need to be set up and function differently because of
COVID-19 requirements.

Department of Health, Philippines

Guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic
● Consider conducting appointment-only vaccination site. Smaller clinics can
be laid out more efficiently and serve fewer people to help reduce
exposure risk for staff and patients.
● Large-scale clinics, particularly those held indoors, may not be feasible
during the COVID-19 pandemic because they might  be difficult to
implement.
● Consider using online or phone options for scheduling appointments and
completing paperwork, when possible. Such processes should include
registration, screening for contraindications and precautions, and texting
or emailing vaccine information.

Department of Health, Philippines

● Vaccination Records: Finding, Interpreting, and Recording
● Immunization providers may encounter persons who do not have
documentation of the vaccines they have received. Providers should
only accept written, dated records as evidence of vaccination, with
the exception of influenza vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide
vaccine (PPSV23). Self-reported doses of these vaccines are
acceptable.
● Vaccinations should not be postponed if records are not available, but
providers should attempt to locate missing records by contacting the
patient’s previous health care providers and/or the immunization
program at the state or local health department, reviewing state or
local IIS data, and asking patients to search for a personal vaccination
record.

Department of Health, Philippines

Screen for Contraindications and Precautions

● Vaccinees and their family members count on health care personnel to

administer vaccines safely.
● Always screen patients for contraindications and precautions before a
vaccine is administered, even if the same vaccine was administered
previously. A patient’s health status or the recommendations for
contraindications and precautions may have changed since the last
dose was given. Screening helps prevent adverse reactions such as
anaphylaxis. At each visit, use a standardized screening tool to assess
patients consistently and correctly.

Department of Health, Philippines

Prepare the Vaccine
● Proper preparation is critical for maintaining the integrity of the vaccine during transfer from the
vial to the syringe. Always use aseptic technique and follow infection prevention guidelines when
preparing vaccines. Aseptic technique refers to the manner of handling, preparing, and storing
medications and injection equipment/supplies (e.g., syringes, needles) to prevent microbial
contamination and infection.
● Prepare vaccines in a clean, designated medication area away from where the patient is being
vaccinated and away from any potentially contaminated items. This is to prevent inadvertent
contamination of the vial through direct or indirect contact with potentially contaminated surfaces
or equipment.
● Health care personnel should ensure their clinic has the supplies needed to administer vaccines.
● Health care personnel should complete proper hand hygiene before preparing vaccines.
● Use a separate needle and syringe for each injection.
● Always check the expiration dates on the vaccine and diluent, if needed. Some syringes and needles
have expiration dates, so check those, too. NEVER use expired vaccine, diluent, or equipment.
● Prepare vaccines only when you are ready to administer them.
● Only administer vaccines you have prepared. This is a medication administration best practice
standard. If vaccine is drawn up by one person but administered by another, the person
administering the vaccine cannot be sure what is in the syringe and whether it is safe.

Department of Health, Philippines

Administer the Vaccine
● Each vaccine has a recommended administration
route and site. COVID 19 vaccine is given though
IM. Deviation from the recommended route may
reduce vaccine efficacy or increase local adverse
reactions.
● Health care personnel should always perform hand
hygiene before administering vaccines.

Department of Health, Philippines

● Fear of injections is often a reason why
adults, including health care personnel,
decline vaccines. Some of the evidence-
based strategies for reducing procedural
pain in children can also be used to help
prevent distress and alleviate fear in adults

Department of Health, Philippines

Document the Vaccination
● Health care providers are required to record certain information in a
patient’s medical record. This record can be in electronic or paper form.
Health care providers who administer are required to ensure that the
permanent medical record of the recipient indicates:
● Date of administration
● Vaccine manufacturer
● Vaccine lot number
● Name and title of the person who administered the vaccine and address
of the facility where the permanent record will reside

Department of Health, Philippines

Document the Vaccination

● Always provide a personal vaccination record

to the patient or parent that includes the
names of vaccines administered and the dates
of administration.

Department of Health, Philippines