Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INFORMATION &
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
LECTURE 1 : WEEK 1
CSC-110-T
Credit : (2 + 1) / Week
Course Teacher
2
Text Book:
Peter Norton (2011), Introduction to Computers, 7 /e,
McGraw-Hill
Reference Book:
Gary B (2012), Discovering Computers, 1/e, South
Western
Deborah (2013), Understanding Computers, 14/e,
Cengage Learning
June P & Dan O (2014), New Perspective on Computer,
16/e
MOBILE ALERT
4
OR
https://sites.google.com/site/csjawadbhutta/
GRADING
7
Computer Defined
Types Of Computer
Internet
The Internet’s Major Services
The World Wide Web
Understanding the World Wide Web
Understanding the HTTP
Understanding the URL
Using your browser and the World Wide Web
Searching the Web
What Is A Computer…
18
An Electronic device
Converts data into information
Modern computers are digital
Two digits combine to make data
Older computers were analog
A range of values made data
Advantages Disadvantages
Speed Violationof Privacy
Reliability Impact on Labor
Consistency Force
Storage Health Risks
Communications
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Types Based On Principal Of Operation
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There are three different types of computers according to the principles of operation.
Those three types of computers are
Analog Computers
Analog Computer is a computing device that works on continuous range of values.
Digital Computers
Digital computer operates on binary number system in which there are only two digits
0 and 1. Each one is called a bit.
Hybrid Computers
A hybrid computer combines the desirable features of analog and digital computers.
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Types Based On Configuration
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Super Computers
The best in terms of processing capacity and also the most expensive ones. These
computers can process billions (floating point) of instructions per second. Used
for applications which require intensive numerical computations such as stock
analysis, weather forecasting etc.
Ex: China's Tianhe-2, IBM Blue Gene (1 Thousand Billion FLOPS/s)
Mainframe Computers
Mainframe computers can also process data at very high speeds i.e., hundreds of
million instructions per second and they are also quite expensive. Normally, they
are used in banking, airlines and railways etc
Ex: IBM System z9
Mainframe Super Computer
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Types Based On Configuration
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Micro Computers
The invention of microprocessor (single chip CPU) gave birth to the much cheaper micro
computers i.e.
Desktop
Workstations
Laptop/Notebook
Hand Held (PDA’s) etc
What Is Internet
26
Dial-Up
All you need is a computer, phone-line and Internet Service Provider! (ISP)
Not as fast as other Internet connections,
but often more affordable
Internet
Your computer Landline ISP
High Speed (Cable/DSL) Connection
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News
Often called newsgroups
Electronic discussions on several topics
Chat
Public real time conversation
Instant messaging
Private real time conversation
Peer-to-peer services
Allows sharing of files among users
Illegal to share copyrighted material
World Wide Web (WWW)
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T h e Wo r l d Wi d e We b i s s y s t e m o f
Internet servers that support specially
formatted documents.
The documents are formatted in a markup language
called HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
that supports links to other documents, as well
as graphics, audio, and video files.
World Wide Web : Major Parts
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HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what
actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various
commands
The three main HTTP message types are GET, POST, and HEAD
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
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http://www.google.com/index.html
Protocol
Sub domain
File Path/Name
Understanding The Internet
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