1 Lesson

AQA Exam questions, quick tasks

GCSE CHEMISTRY and quiz competitions that
allow students to assess their
UNIT C10 REVISION understanding of the topics
(Using resources) found within unit C10
 What’s that?

N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3

Can you SPOT this process from its chemical symbol equation?
 EXAM
QUESTION
Part (a)

If the energy needed to break

the bonds in nitrogen and
hydrogen is 2253kJ/mol and
the energy needed to form
bonds in ammonia is
2346kJ/mol, what is the
energy change of the forward
reaction in the Haber
process?
 Just a simple calculation..

2253 – 2346 = -93kJ/mol

 Honor’s
HELPFUL HINT
When asked to calculate
an energy change, make
sure you always do the
energy change of the
reactants subtract the
energy change of the
products. Therefore,
sometimes you will get a
negative result like you
did in the last example
 EXAM
QUESTION
Part (b)

Using your answer to part

(a), state whether the
forward reaction in the
Haber process is an
endothermic or an
exothermic reaction and
explain your answer in
terms of bonds
 Is it endothermic or exothermic?
If the calculated energy then the reaction must
change is….. be….

Positive ENDOTHERMIC
Negative EXOTHERMIC
UN
D
E
R
S
2 A T
N
D So if you are asked to explain a reaction
in terms of bonds, simply compare the
I
GN
energy taken in with the energy
released
The forward reaction
in the Haber process
is an exothermic
reaction as more
energy is released
when the bonds in
ammonia are formed
9
than is taken in when
the bonds in nitrogen
and hydrogen are
broken
 EXAM
QUESTION
Part (c)

Describe how an
increase in
temperature would
affect the yield of
ammonia and the
equilibrium position
(2 marks)
 Self-Assess

Increasing the temperature in an

exothermic reaction (like the
forward reaction) will decrease
the yield of ammonia in the
equilibrium mixture and shift the
equilibrium position to the left
 CHEMISTRY
QUIZ R1

Round 1 is going to test

your ability to get the
answers to the
quantitative parts of
C10!
It is simply called
“Number Crazy”
 22 19 0
3 17
4
72
48
20
21

11 6
A question which has a
number as the answer will
40
appear in this circle. The 16
answer is shown
9 somewhere on this slide.
Buzz in when you know 8
which one it is! Be QUICK!
28

100
64
1
24
18 -93
2 7
 22 19 0
3 17
4
72
48
20
21

11 6
The chosen
450
temperature for 16

9 the Haber
8
process (in °C)
28

100
64
1
24
18 -93
2 7
 Understanding check #1
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3

In the Haber process, a compromise temperature

of 450°C is used because a higher temperature
would decrease the yield of ammonia.

Why is a lower temperature not used?

(1 mark)
 The rate of reaction would be too slow
 22 19 0
3 17
4
72
48
20
21

11 6
Number of moles
40 on the left hand 16
side of this reaction
9
8
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3 28

100
64
1
24
18 -93
2 7
 22 19 0
3 17
4
72
48
20
21

11 6
Number of moles
40 on the right hand 16
side of this reaction
9
8
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3 28

100
64
1
24
18 -93
2 7
 Understanding check #2
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3

“There are 4 moles on the left hand side and 2

moles on the right hand side of this reaction”

If the pressure was increased, which

way would the equilibrium shift?
(1 mark)
 As the pressure
was increased, the
equilibrium shifts
towards the side
of the reaction
with the fewer
moles which is the
right
 22 19 0
3 17
4
72
48
200
21

11 6

The chosen
40 16
pressure in the
9 Haber process (in
8
atmospheres)
28

100
64
1
24
18 -93
2 7
 Understanding check #3
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3

In the Haber process, a compromise pressure of 200

atmospheres is used because a lower pressure would
decrease the yield of ammonia.

Suggest why an even higher pressure is not used?

(2 marks)
 It is both expensive and dangerous to
have a high pressure
 CHEMISTRY
QUIZ R2

Round 2 uses the lyrics

of a fantastic song by
Genius Cru and
therefore states “It’s
time for action"”
 “It’s time for acTION”
Lots of key terms in module C10 end with
the suffix –tion. This round of the quiz
will test whether you can work out the
key term that ends in tion, simply by
reading the definition.
As soon as you know the answer, buzz in
and if you’re right, you will gain TWO
TEAM POINTS for the competition.
“It’s time for acTION”

F I L T R A T I O N

Process that separates

insoluble substances
from soluble substances
 “It’s time for acTION”

S E D I M E N T A T I O N

When fine particles that

are clumped together
settle at the bottom of a
tank
“It’s time for acTION”

C H L O R I N A T I O N

When chlorine gas is

bubbled through water
 YOUR TASK

Filtration, sedimentation and chlorination are

three stages in the treatment of water to
make it potable. Use your knowledge of this
treatment to put the steps in the process into
the correct order on the worksheet.
Statement D, water that will eventually become
tap water is stored in lakes and reservoirs , goes
first
 Self-Assess

D G J A I B H E F C
“Back to the acTION”
 “It’s time for acTION”

P H Y T O E X T R A C T I O N

An alternative method
of extracting metals
from low grade ores
 ABC, it’s as easy as 123
Which of the following organisms are involved in
phytoextraction?

A: animals

B: plants

C: bacteria
 CHEMISTRY
QUIZ R3

It’s time for the 3rd round and

I suggest you don’t touch that
seat – it’s scorchio!
That’s right, it is time for
“Take the PHYTOEXTRACTION
Hotseat”. Who can say all
those key words in the
quickest time?
THE
A This is a team competition that runs against the clock.
RULES
You must choose one of your team to represent you
K facing
and they will take the PHYTOEXTRACTION HOTSEAT,
away from the board. Behind them, 3 key words
aboutPHYTOEXTRACTION
E remaining players in the team to describe these words S
the process will appear. It is the job of the

SCIENTIFICALLY, to get the HOTSEAT player to say each

of the words. You have a maximum of 2 minutes to get
all three. There will be time additions for any E
descriptions that are not Scientific and would not be
worthy of an exam definition answer! A
HOT
 Take the
PHYTOEXTRACTION
HOTSEAT
 roots

 ash

 carbon-neutral
 Take the
PHYTOEXTRACTION
HOTSEAT
 copper

 replanting

 waste
 Take the
PHYTOEXTRACTION
HOTSEAT
 low-grade

 uptake

 complexing agent
 YOUR TASK

Using the 9 words which

you just saw during the
competition, complete the
1 passage on biological
st

metal extraction
 Self-Assess
copper from
Phytomining is the extraction of metals, like ___________,
low grade ores using plants. Plants which are particularly
_____-__________
roots are planted in
good at absorbing metal ions through their ________
complexing ___________
soil which contains the ore. A ___________ agent is often
uptake of the ions by the crop and
added as this will enhance the ________
the ions will then accumulate in the roots, shoots and leaves. The
plants are harvested and the plant material is burned which
ash that is high in concentration of the metal and it
produces an ______
carbon
can now be extracted. Phytomining is close to a _________-
neutral activity as although it gives out carbon dioxide when
___________
the plant is burnt, the plants had absorbed carbon dioxide during
their lifetime for photosynthesis. It is cheaper than traditional
waste but it is slow as the plants
mining and it produces less ________
replanting and harvesting for several years before the
need _____________
metal can be extracted from the soil
 Understanding check #4

If the alternative
method of metal
extraction involving
plants is phytomining,
what is the name for
the method which
involves bacteria?
bioleaching
 Honor’s
HELPFUL HINT
In terms of the method,
all you need to know is
that bioleaching uses
bacteria to produce
leachate solutions that
contain metal
compounds, which can
then be processed to
obtain the metal
 Understanding check #5

Using the completed 1st paragraph as an

example, state two advantages and one
disadvantage of bioleaching when
compared to traditional mining methods

(write this in the 2nd paragraph on your

worksheet)
 Self-Assess

Bioleaching is cheaper than traditional

mining which allows ores that contain
very small percentages of copper to
be extracted and remain profitable.
The bacteria do not release harmful
substances into the atmosphere but
this process is slow
Metals, corrosion and prevention

Once the metals have been extracted, it is important to

prevent the metals from being corroded.

Corrosion is the destruction of materials due to

chemical reactions with substances in the environment.
For example, iron needs both air and water to rust.

Corrosion can be prevented in a number of ways. One

such way is seen with aluminium which has an oxide
coating to prevent further corrosion to the metal.
“Back to the acTION”
“It’s time for acTION”
S A C R I F I C I A L

P R O T E C T I O N

An example would be
adding zinc to galvanise
iron
 Understanding check #6

“An example of sacrificial protection

would be adding zinc to galvanise iron”

Explain why coating iron in zinc would

prevent corrosion to the metal

Zinc is more reactive than iron so the substances in

the environment will react with the zinc rather than
the iron
 Understanding check #7

State another metal which

could be used to coat iron
in sacrificial protection
(1 mark)
 Self-Assess

 Any metal
above IRON
in the
reactivity
series (apart
from zinc)
 CHEMISTRY
QUIZ R4

Today’s last round

of the quiz is
called “From
NUMBERS 2
LETTERS”
FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS
On the next slide there will be a series of
statements.
Each of them has a number as an answer, which
corresponds to a letter of the alphabet (e.g. 6 = F).
All you have to do is work out the number, then the
letter and buzz in when you know the key
abbreviation

FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS

FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS

Electrons in a magnesium atom

L C A
Positive charge of an aluminium ion

Types of atom in an element

FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS

FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS

 Mr of N2

N P K
 Electrons in a sulphur atom

 Protons and neutrons in a boron atom

FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS

 Understanding check #8
State the meaning of the abbreviations
LCA and NPK that you need to recognise
for unit C10 and write a brief sentence to
put them into context
(4 marks)
LCA = life-cycle assessment
They are carried out to assess the environmental impact of
products

NPK = nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

NPK fertilisers compounds with all three of these elements