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Rishel Mendoza Princess Herrera Dane Meraveles

N E X T T O P R E S E N TAT I O N
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 PLANT
PRODUCTIO
N AND
G
R
O
METHODS
U
P
OF PLANT
1
PRODUCTIO
N
01 Plant Production
Plants are called producers.
 The plant production system
encompasses the basic genetic and
physiological regulations on plant
growth, the impact on growth of soil,
water, nutrients, disease and pests and
the influence of management
processes.
 A plant is the only living organism able to
manufacture its own food. All other forms of life need to
consume plants, their products, or other organisms (which
have eaten plants) to meet their energy needs. Plants use an
extremely efficient process called photosynthesis to feed
themselves.
 WHOA!
Plants are called producers because they make or
produce their own food. Their roots take up water and
minerals from the ground and their leaves absorb a gas
called carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air. They convert
these ingredients into food by using energy from
sunlight. ... The foods are called glucose and starch.
02 Uses of Plants
1 Number 01
Food
 We eat leaves
of some plants like
spinach, radish,
gram, fenugreek,
etc.
Spinac Radish
h
 Roots of
radish, carrot,
cucumber, beet
etc., are eaten as
salad
Carrot Radish
 We mostly eat
cereals or food grains.
The cereals are seeds of
some plants belonging to
the grass family. We
prepare many types of
food from the grains of
rice, wheat, gram, barley,
jowar, millet, maize, etc
Rice Wheat
 Seeds of some
plants are used as
pulses like gram,
yellow-gram, pea,
green-gram, lentil,
etc.
Grams Peas
 Seeds of some plants
are oily oil is taken from
the seeds like sesame,
mustard, sunflower, etc.
This oil is used in
preparing many kinds of
food and also for some
other purposes. Ground
nut oil, coconut oil,
mustard oil, etc. are also
Sesame Mustard used for preparing food
 Fruits of some
plants are used as
food. These fruits are
mango, grape, apple,
orange, pine-apple, etc.
These fruits are eaten
raw, as they are tasty.
They are juicy and
rich in vitamins and
Mango Apple minerals.
 Almond,
chestnut,
pistachio, raisin,
etc. are used as
dry fruits
Almon Chesnut
d t
 Some plants give us
vegetables. Potato,
tomato, turnip,
ladyfinger, bean, pea,
cauliflower, cabbage,
pumpkin, bottle-gourd,
etc. are some of the
vegetables. They are
cooked for eating. These
vegetables are rich in
vitamin, iron and other
Potato Turnip minerals
 We get spices from
plants. The spices give the
vegetables good flavor
and make them delicious.
Coriander, pepper, clove,
cumin, cardamom,
cinnamon, etc. are some
common spices to make
the food tasty.
Pepper Clove
 We take coffee
and tea.  We get
them from plants.
Coffee is made from
the seeds of coffee-
plant. Tea is
prepared from the
Coffee Tea leaves of tea-plant.
leaves
 We get juice
from sugar-cane.
Sugar is made from
this juice. With the
help of sugar we
make different
kinds of sweet
dishes, cakes,
Sugar Sugar
Cane
chocolate etc
2 Number 02
Medicine
s
 Many medicines are
made from plants and
these plants are called
medicinal plants. Neem,
tulsi, brahmi,
surpagamdha, banafsa,
bail, etc. are known as
medicinal plants. 
We use these plants to cure patients suffering from various
diseases.

01 02

Neem Tulsi
3 Number 03
Paper
Bamboo, eucalyptus, etc. are used to make paper for
writing and printing purposes. Rags of cotton are also
used to make paper

Bamboo Eucalyptu
s
4 Number 04
Rubber
 Some plants give us gum like acacia, etc. We get rubber from rubber-plants.
This rubber is used for making tyres for many vehicles. We erase pencil marks with
the help of a rubber or eraser.

01 02

Tire Eraser
5 Number 05
Wood
 Wood

We get The wood of

timber and fire- trees like teak,
wood from trees. shisham, sal, etc.
Our chairs, is essentially used
tables, doors, to make different
windows, etc. furniture.
are made of
wood.
6 Number 06
Cotton
 We get cotton from
cotton plants. It is used
to make all types of
cotton clothes such as
bed-sheets, towels, etc.
7 Number 07
Fibers
There are some fibrinous
plants to give us fiber for
making ropes, gunny-bags,
etc. Hemp, jute, etc. are
such plants.
8 Number 08
Perfumes
 Flowers of certain plants are used to make
perfumes. The flowers of rose, jasmine etc. are good for
making perfume. Flowers are also used for different
purposes like to make garlands and for other decorative
purposes.
9 Number 09
Pollution
Remover
 Plants and trees save us from air-
pollution. Green plants take the carbon
dioxide from the air in the process of
photosynthesis and give back oxygen to
the air. We breathe in oxygen from the air
and given out carbon dioxide. Thus, we
give carbon dioxide to the plants and they
return us oxygen. Hence air is saved from
being polluted by carbon dioxide.
10 Number 10
Manure
 Plant wastes are
used to make
manure. This
manure is utilized
for the growth of
other plants and
crops.
Methods of
Plant
Propagation
 N S E R I E S

Sexual
Propagation
Sexual propagation of plants involves the union (fertilization) of pollen and egg
leading to seed formation. So, it can also be called ‘seed propagation’. It’s an old,
easy, simple, and effective technique for ornamentals or flowering plants,
vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants. It allows for genetic diversity in plant
species and creates new varieties and cultivars of plants. Also, seeds can be
stored for a long period of time.
 N S E R I E S

ASexual
Propagation
Asexual propagation of plants can also be called ‘vegetative
propagation’ because it involves the use of vegetative parts of plants like
leaves, stems, roots, or modified organs. It’s the best method to use to clone
your plants, which means to produce plants identical to their parents. It
involves methods like cutting, division, layering, grafting, budding, and
tissue culture techniques. These techniques are commercially exploited
mainly to produce horticulture plants.
Cutting This is cutting the
vegetative part of the
plant (leaf, stem, and
root) and then planting
it again to regenerate
the whole plant. The
three types of cutting
are named after the
plant part being
detached/cut
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Blackberry
Trumpet
vine
Rose
Raspberry

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Division This is a suitable
technique for
perennials (plants
that live for more
than two years). It
involves dividing the
plant by digging and
moving it to an
already prepared
site. This helps the
plant to rejuvenate
and reduce water
and nutrient
competition
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Asters
Chives
Daises
Black Eyed
Susan
Layering
In this technique,
the attached and bent
branch of the plant is
covered with soil and
allowed to root. After the
emergence and
development of roots
that specific part of the
plant is cut and allowed
to grow as a new plant.
This is called ‘layering’
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Climbing Roses
Forsythia
Rhododendron
Honeysuckle
Grafting This involves
cutting a twig of one
plant and joining it with
the stem of another plant
in such a manner that
they form a unit and
function as one plant. It is
a bit of a complex process
but allows you to bring
the desired character to
your plant. However, be
sure to sterilize your
hands and tools to make
sure you don’t transfer
any infections during the
process.
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Apple
Ash Tree
Briches
Camelia
Budding
In this method,
a cut is made in
the rootstock and
a single bud with
little or no wood is
inserted into it in
such a way that
they unite and
grow as a new
plant.
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Apricot
Avocado
Cherry
Citrus
Tissue Culture This is the most
recent and advanced
technique in which
plant tissues are
grown in media under
controlled and sterile
conditions/environmen
ts. It is extensively
used for commercial
purposes to produce
clones of plants or
mass produce plants.
It also provides
several advantages
over all the traditional
methods explained
above.
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Oil Palm
Plantain
Pine
Banana
 Advantages of tissue culture technique
• It allows for the • It allows the • Mass
production of production of
production of
clones or exact plants in a shorter
period of time plants is
copies of the
mother plant. compared to possible with
• Plants with traditional this
desired traits or techniques. technique.
characters can • Plants that are • Enhance
be grown using difficult to grow by productivity.
this technique. traditional
• Easy
• It is beneficial in methods can be
grown by this transportatio
propagating
plants without method. n of plants.
seeds. • Disease-free plants
can be produced.
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