PRESENTATION

Networking(CCNA)
Submitted by:

ADITYA SHARMA(2015ECA1090)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are thankful to HoD for offering us such a wonderful challenging opportunity
and our deepest thanks to all coordinators associated with it for providing all
the possible help and assistance and their constant encouragement.
i would like to express my gratitude towards all the faculty of the ECE
department for placing complete faith and confidence in our ability to carry
out this project.
we are grateful for all the inspiration , encouragement , help , valuable
guidance, constructive criticism and constant interest .

2015ECA1090
Aditya Sharma
 NETWORK
• A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunication
network which allows nodes to share resources. In computer networks, computing
devices exchange data with each other using connections between nodes . These
data links are established over cable media such as wires or optic cables,
.
or wireless media such as WiFi
 TYPES OF NETWORK
There are three basic types of network:
• LAN(Local Area Network)
• MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
• WAN(Wide Area Network)
 Types of Network -
According to Network Design there are Two Types of
Network.
Server-Client - Peer-to-Peer -
In Server-Client Network In Peer-to-Peer Network
some Device act as a all
Server or all other Device Devices have equal Rides
act as a Client. to
Access Data. Every
Device
can act as a Client or as a
Server.
Server-Client - Peer-to-Peer -
What is an IP Address ?
Combination of Network Bit & Host Bit is called IP
Address.
It is Used to Uniquely Identify The Device in Network
and Communication Purpose.

IP Address Version -
IP have Two Version-
IPv4 - 32-Bit Address
IPv6 - 128-Bit Address
 IP ADDRESSING
• An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to
each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet
Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two principal functions:
host or network interface identification and location addressing.

• Three basic types:

 UNICAST- address of a single interface.
 MULTICAST- one-to-many communication
 BROADCAST- send data to all possible destinations.
 IPv4 – 192.168.1.100
IPv6 -
FE80:0000:0000:0000:0202:B3FF:FE1E:8329
IPCONFIG -
IP Address Structure –
IPv4 is a 32-Bit Unique Identifier.
Ex- 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001
192.168.0.1
Dotted Decimal Notation.
IPv4 Address have 4 Octet and Each Octet is 8-Bit
Long.
Each Octet Range is 0-255.
Octet Maximum Value 255 and Minimum Value 0.
 RANGES FOR IP ADDRESSES

ADDRESS CLASS RANGE

Class A 1-126

Class B 128-191

Class C 192-223

Class D 224-239

Class E 240-255
 SUBNET mask
• A Subnet mask is a 32-bit number that masks an IP address, and divides the
IP address into network address and host address. Subnet Mask is made by
setting network bits to all "1"s and setting host bits to all "0"s.

•  Network devices use the IP address targets and defined netmask to

determine if the network the host is on is a local subnet or a remote network.

• There are different subnet masks for different ip ranges:

 ROUTING
• Routing is the process of selecting a path for traffic in
a network, or between or across multiple networks. Routing is
performed for many types of networks, including circuit-
switched networks, such as the public switched telephone
network (PSTN), and computer networks, such as
the Internet.
• Types:
 Static routing
 Default routing
 Dynamic routing
Static routing is when you statically configure a router to send
traffic for particular destinations in preconfigured directions.

Dynamic routing is a networking technique that provides

optimal data routing. Unlike static routing,dynamic
routing enables routers to select paths according to real-time
logical network layout change

In computer networking, the default route is a setting on a

computer that defines the packet forwarding rule to use
when no specific route can be determined for a given
Internet Protocol (IP) destination address. All packets for
destinations not established in the routing table are sent via
the default route.
 ROUTING PROTOCOLS
 A routing protocol specifies how routerscommunicate with
each other, distributing information that enables them to
select routes between any two nodes on a computer
network. Routing algorithms determine the specific choice of
route. Each routerhas a prior knowledge only of networks
attached to it directly.
 TYPES:
i. RIP
ii. EIGRP
iii. OSPF
 EIGRP
(Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol )
• Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is an
advanced distance-vector routing protocol that is used on
a computer network for automating routing decisions and
configuration

• EIGRP is a dynamic routing protocol by which routers

automatically share route information. This eases the
workload on a network administrator who does not have to
configure changes to the routing table manually.
 OSPF
(Open Shortest Path First)
• Routing protocols like OSPF calculate the shortest route to a
destination through the network based on an algorithm. The
first routing protocol that was widely implemented,
the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), calculated the shortest
route based on hops, that is the number of routers that a IP
packet had to traverse to reach the destination host.
• OSPF maintains link state databases, which are really network
topology maps, on every router on which it is implemented
• An OSPF network can be structured, or subdivided, into
routing areas to simplify administration and optimize traffic
and resource utilization.
 SERVER
• A server is an instance of a computer program that accepts
and responds to requests made by another program, known
as a client. Less formally, any device that runs server software
could be considered a server as well. Servers are used to
manage network resources.
FINAL PROJECT SYNOPSIS

GLOBAL COMMUNICATION USING

CCNA
 INTRODUCTION
• The main objective of this project is about global
communication .In this the computer network contains
hardware devices (like routers, switches) computers
communicate with each other through internet. The
design is implemented on the software cisco packet tracer
version 7.2.1. The communication is between the
different users of India with outside countries like
Australia and Canada. The servers are installed in Canada
and Australia, these countries are interconnected through
the cloud or internet. From this we can share the data
globally and the communication is easy and flexible
PROJECT LAYOUT
MODULE 1:
• In this module the Eigrp
configuration is used for
communication.
• These pcs are communicated
with other branches through the
rip configure router, and this
router further connected to
internet.
• The ip address of this Canada
router is 10.0.0.101.
Module 2
• In this module the rip
configuration is used for
communication.
• These pcs are communicated
with other branches through the
rip configure router, and this
router further connected to
internet
• The ip address of this Australia
router is 20.0.0.101.
MODULE 3:
• In this module all the branch
routers are connected further
through routers
• These routers form a cloud or
internet. Through this cloud the
communication is possible
• In this cloud the router is
configure with redistribution
means the configuration from rip
to eigrpand rip to ospf and vice
versa.
MODULE 4:
• In this module the ospf
configuration is used for
communication
• These pcs are communicated
with other branches through the
ospf configure router, and this
router further connected to
internet.
• The ip address for the North
India router is 105.0.0.101. The ip
address for the south India is
120.0.0.101.
MODULE 5

This module the eigrp configuration is used

for communication

These pcs are communicated with other

branches through the ospf configure router,
and this router further connected to internet

. The ip address for the east India router is

110.0.0.101. The ip address for the west India
is 115.0.0.101.