Sexism and

Gender
Expectations
in the Media
Zachar y Pelletier-Becker
 What is sexism?

“Sexism, prejudice or discrimination

based on sex or gender, especially

against women and girls.”(Britannica)

It is harmful because it create feelings

of being less than

The root of sexism is in gender in

equality (Council of Europe)
What are
gender
expectations?

Gender expectations or
gender roles, are how you
are supposed to act
based on your gender
How do these affect
society?

These things are harmful because the

create inequality between people with
no reason for inequality between
them

It makes assumptions without even

taking their strengths and
weaknesses into account
How does the media handle it this
issue?

The media is a large perpetrator of this issue due to the fact that
it infl uences others with gender stereotypes

An example of this would be children’s television programs

where only the mother cooks, or where
How should people be
trying to make a
diff erence?

Peaceful protest and information

campaigns are great passive ways
to spread information about
injustice

Showing demand and supporting

for media that strives for gender
equality is also a good idea
What more can be
done?

The wage gap between male workers

and their female counterparts has
shrunk a pitiful 8 cents in the past 25
years (New York Times). Fixing this
would be a large step toward equality

In the media cooking and other house

chores should be not only reserved
for women
What can YOU do?

Everyone can make a diff erence, big or

small

There are plenty of ways to make a

diff erence

An example would e to not tolerate

sexism jokes within your friend group
How would the
world change if
it was solved?

If this problem was fi xed

entirely, then anyone, no
matter the gender could
follow any profession
regardless of the current
societal barriers
Works cited

W i l l e , E i k e , e t a l . “ G e n d e r S t e r e o t y p e s i n a C h i l d r e n ' s T e l e v i s i o n P r o g r a m : E ff e c t s o n G i r l s ' a n d B o y s ' S t e r e o t y p e E n d o r s e m e n t , M a t h P e r f o r m a n c e , M o t i v a t i o n a l D i s p o s i t i o n s , a n d A t t i t u d e s . ” F r o n t i e r s , F r o n t i e r s , 1 9 N o v . 2 0 1 8 ,

w w w . f r o n t i e r s i n . o r g / a r t i c l e s / 1 0 . 3 3 8 9 / f p s y g . 2 0 1 8 . 0 2 4 3 5 / f u l l .

B o g t , T o m F . M . t e r , e t a l . “ ‘ S h a k e I t B a b y , S h a k e I t ’ : M e d i a P r e f e r e n c e s , S e x u a l A t t i t u d e s a n d G e n d e r S t e r e o t y p e s A m o n g A d o l e s c e n t s . ” S e x R o l e s , S p r i n g e r U S , 2 7 A u g . 2 0 1 0 , l i n k . s p r i n g e r . c o m / a r t i c l e / 1 0 . 1 0 0 7 % 2 F s 1 1 1 9 9 - 0 1 0 - 9 8 1 5 - 1 .

a u t h o r s , A l l , a n d A m a n d a H a r a l d s s o n & L e n a W ä n g n e r u d . “ T h e E ff e c t o f M e d i a S e x i s m o n W o m e n ' s P o l i t i c a l A m b i t i o n : E v i d e n c e f r o m a W o r l d w i d e S t u d y . ” T a y l o r & F r a n c i s , 4 M a r . 2 0 1 5 , w w w . t a n d f o n l i n e . c o m / d o i / f u l l / 1 0 . 1 0 8 0 / 1 4 6 8 0 7 7 7 . 2 0 1 8 . 1 4 6 8 7 9 7 .

“ I m p a c t a n d I n d i c a t o r s o f S e x i s m . ” I m p a c t a n d I n d i c a t o r s o f S e x i s m | S a f e @ S c h o o l, w w w . s a f e a t s c h o o l . c a / p l m / e q u i t y - a n d - i n c l u s i o n / u n d e r s t a n d i n g - s e x i s m - r a c i s m - a n d - h o m o p h o b i a / s e x i s m - a n d - v i o l e n c e / i m p a c t - a n d - i n d i c a t o r s .

Z h u , N a n , a n d L e i C h a n g . “ E v o l v e d b u t N o t F i x e d : A L i f e H i s t o r y A c c o u n t o f G e n d e r R o l e s a n d G e n d e r I n e q u a l i t y . ” F r o n t i e r s i n P s y c h o l o g y , F r o n t i e r s M e d i a S . A . , 2 3 J u l y 2 0 1 9 , w w w . n c b i . n l m . n i h . g o v / p m c / a r t i c l e s / P M C 6 6 6 4 0 6 4 / .

D o u g l a s , A n i l A n a n t h a s w a m y a n d K a t e . “ T h e O r i g i n s o f S e x i s m : H o w M e n C a m e t o R u l e 1 2 , 0 0 0 Y e a r s A g o . ” N e w S c i e n t i s t , 1 8 A p r . 2 0 1 8 , w w w . n e w s c i e n t i s t . c o m / a r t i c l e / m g 2 3 8 3 1 7 4 0 - 4 0 0 - t h e - o r i g i n s - o f - s e x i s m - h o w - m e n - c a m e - t o - r u l e - 1 2 0 0 0 - y e a r s - a g o / .

H o w e l l , J a m e s W . , e t a l . T h e G r e e n w o o d E n c y c l o p e d i a o f L o v e , C o u r t s h i p , & S e x u a l i t y t h r o u g h H i s t o r y. G r e e n w o o d P r e s s , 2 0 0 8 .

C h o i , K y u n g - H e e , e t a l . “ T h e E ff e c t s o f S e x i s m , P s y c h o l o g i c a l D i s t r e s s , a n d D i ffi c u l t S e x u a l S i t u a t i o n s o n U . S . W o m e n ' s S e x u a l R i s k B e h a v i o r s . ” A I D S E d u c a t i o n a n d P r e v e n t i o n : O ffi c i a l P u b l i c a t i o n o f t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l S o c i e t y f o r A I D S E d u c a t i o n, U . S . N a t i o n a l L i b r a r y o f

M e d i c i n e , O c t . 2 0 1 1 , w w w . n c b i . n l m . n i h . g o v / p m c / a r t i c l e s / P M C 3 1 9 8 8 2 1 / .

“ I m p a c t o f S e x i s m o n Y o u n g W o m e n ' s M e n t a l H e a l t h . ” Y o u n g W o m e n ' s T r u s t | C h a r i t y , 2 6 N o v . 2 0 2 0 , w w w . y o u n g w o m e n s t r u s t . o r g / r e s e a r c h / i m p a c t - s e x i s m - y o u n g - w o m e n s - m e n t a l - h e a l t h / .

M a r c h 3 , 2 0 2 0 . “ N o t M a d e U p : U N E R e s e a r c h R e v e a l s t h e V e r y R e a l E ff e c t s o f S e x i s m o n S e l f - E s t e e m a n d C o s m e t i c P r i c i n g . ” U n i v e r s i t y o f N e w E n g l a n d , 3 M a r . 2 0 2 0 , w w w . u n e . e d u / n e w s / 2 0 2 0 / n o t - m a d e - u n e - r e s e a r c h - r e v e a l s - v e r y - r e a l - e ff e c t s - s e x i s m - s e l f - e s t e e m - a n d - c o s m e t i c -
p r i c i n g .

“ S e x i s m : S e e I t . N a m e I t . S t o p I t . ” H u m a n R i g h t s C h a n n e l , w w w . c o e . i n t / e n / w e b / h u m a n - r i g h t s - c h a n n e l / s t o p - s e x i s m .

“ P r e v e n t i n g a n d C o m b a t i n g S e x i s m . ” G e n d e r E q u a l i t y , w w w . c o e . i n t / e n / w e b / g e n d e r e q u a l i t y / c o m b a t i n g - a n d - p r e v e n t i n g - s e x i s m .

“ 4 W a y s W e C a n A l l S t o p E v e r y d a y S e x i s m i n I t s T r a c k s . ” H e l l o F l o , 2 5 J a n . 2 0 1 6 , h e l l o fl o . c o m / 4 - w a y s - w e - c a n - a l l - s t o p - e v e r y d a y - s e x i s m - i n - i t s - t r a c k s / .

“ S e x i s m a t W o r k : H o w C a n W e S t o p I t ? ” E u r o p e a n I n s t i t u t e f o r G e n d e r E q u a l i t y , 1 D e c . 2 0 2 0 , e i g e . e u r o p a . e u / n e w s / s e x i s m - w o r k - h o w - c a n - w e - s t o p - i t .

O r e s k e s , N a o m i . “ R a c i s m a n d S e x i s m i n S c i e n c e H a v e n ' t D i s a p p e a r e d . ” S c i e n t i fi c A m e r i c a n , S c i e n t i fi c A m e r i c a n , 1 O c t . 2 0 2 0 , w w w . s c i e n t i fi c a m e r i c a n . c o m / a r t i c l e / r a c i s m - a n d - s e x i s m - i n - s c i e n c e - h a v e n t - d i s a p p e a r e d / .

N e i m a n d , A n n C h r i s t i a n o & A n n i e , a n d A n n C h r i s t i a n o h o l d s t h e F r a n k K a r e l C h a i r i n P u b l i c I n t e r e s t C o m m u n i c a t i o n s a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f F l o r i d a C o l l e g e o f J o u r n a l i s m a n d C o m m u n i c a t i o n s . A n n i e N e i m a n d i s a P h D c a n d i d a t e i n t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f F l o r i d a D e p a r t m e n t o f
S o c i o l o g y . “ S t o p R a i s i n g A w a r e n e s s A l r e a d y ( S S I R ) . ” S t a n f o r d S o c i a l I n n o v a t i o n R e v i e w : I n f o r m i n g a n d I n s p i r i n g L e a d e r s o f S o c i a l C h a n g e, s s i r . o r g / a r t i c l e s / e n t r y / s t o p _ r a i s i n g _ a w a r e n e s s _ a l r e a d y .

. , C o u n c i l o f E u r o p e . S e x i s m : S e e I t . N a m e I t . S t o p I t . , 2 0 2 0 , w w w . c o e . i n t / e n / w e b / h u m a n - r i g h t s - c h a n n e l / s t o p - s e x i s m .

M i l l e r ' s , J . H o w a r d . “ W e C a n D o I t ! ” W e C a n D o I t ! " P o s t e r a t t h e N a t i o n a l M u s e u m o f A m e r i c a n H i s t o r y, 1 9 4 3 , a m e r i c a n h i s t o r y . s i . e d u / c o l l e c t i o n s / s e a r c h / o b j e c t / n m a h _ 5 3 8 1 2 2 .

A r e n t , A d a m . “ G e n d e r S t e r e o t y p e s A n d W h y T h e y A r e S t u p i d . ” T h e o d y s s e y o n l i n e . c o m , 2 2 M a r . 2 0 1 6 , w w w . t h e o d y s s e y o n l i n e . c o m / g e n d e r - s t e r e o t y p e s - a n d - w h y - t h e y - a r e - s t u p i d .

P u b l i c , C C O D o m a i n . “ M u l t i c o l o r e d P o e p l e i n a C r o w d . ” A S o c i e t y ' s C u l t u r a l P r a c t i c e s S h a p e t h e S t r u c t u r e o f I t s S o c i a l N e t w o r k s, 1 4 A u g . 2 0 1 9 , p h y s . o r g / n e w s / 2 0 1 9 - 0 8 - s o c i e t y - c u l t u r a l - s o c i a l - n e t w o r k s . h t m l .

. , N A S A . T h e U . S . G u l f C o a s t a t N i g h t , 1 5 A u g . 2 0 1 4 , w w w . n a s a . g o v / c o n t e n t / t h e - u s - g u l f - c o a s t - a t - n i g h t .

B a r t h o , D a v i d . “ I n t e r n a t i o n a l W o m e n ' s D a y , 1 2 M a r c h 1 9 7 7 . ” F o r t u n e . c o m , 7 M a r . 2 0 1 8 , f o r t u n e . c o m / 2 0 1 8 / 0 3 / 0 7 / w o m e n s - d a y - h i s t o r y - p h o t o s / .