ROOF

2 INRODUCTION

 A roof is the uppermost part of a building whose main function is to

enclose the space and to protect the same from the effects of
weather elements such as rain, wind, sun, heat and snow.
 The basic shapes of roofs are flat, mono-pitched, gabled, hipped,
butterfly, arched and domed.
 Roofs constructed of flat sections that are sloped are 2referred to
as pitched roofs (generally if the angle exceeds 10 degrees)
3 The Functional Requirements of a roof

 1. Stability;
 2. Strength;
 3. Weather resistance or
exclusion of wind, sun or
rain;
 4. Durability;
 5. Fire resistance;
 6. Thermal insulation;
 7. Sound insulation;
 8. Provide enclosure for
service; facilities
 9. Aesthetics
4
TYPE OF ROOFS
5 Butterfly Roof
 The butterfly roof is not a roof style that is widely used.
 The style provides plenty of light and ventilation as it provides
options to have large windows due to the high perimeter windows.
 It can be effective when it comes to water drainage as it can
centralise the water flow
 the cost of install and repair can be expensive due to the
complexity in installing.
6 Flat Roof

 Flat roofs are common especially with commercial buildings.

 Flat roofs are definitely the most simple roof to build because they
have little to no pitch.
7 Folded Plate Roof

 The folded plate roof has limited use in single family homes.
 It looks like a series of small gable roofs placed side by side of
each other
8 Pitched Roofs

 In the areas of heavy rain falls and snow fall sloping roofs are used.
 The slope of the roof shall be more than 10°.
 They may have slopes as much as 45° to 60°
 The sloped roofs are known pitched roofs.
 The sloping roofs are preferred in large spanned structures like
workshops, factory buildings and warehouses.
 In all these roofs covering sheets like A.C. sheet, G.I. sheets, tiles,
slates etc. are supported on suitable structures.
9 Pitched Roofs
10 Pitched Roofs Classification

 (a) Single roofs

 (b) Double or purlin roofs
 (c) Trussed roofs.
11 Gable Roof
 Gable roof designs are one of the more simple styles when it comes
to roofs.
 The gable roof style looks like an inverted/upside down V.
 Gable roofs are not ideal for areas with high wind because they
easily can catch the wind much like a sail would
12 A-Frame Roof
 This type of roof is very popular for churches, cottages, homes, and
other structures.
 The roof acts as both the roof and the walls for a structure
13 Roof Material
Asphalt Shingles
 Asphalt shingles are the most commonly used steep
slope/residential roofing material used on roofs.
 Asphalt shingles vary in quality and are produced by multiple
manufacturers.
14 Wood Shake

 The shake shingle is the inspiration for the modern day asphalt
shingles.
 Similar to the asphalt shingle, the wood shake overlaps each other
making the roof or siding weather proof.
 A down side to shake is that they often need more maintenance than
newer asphalt or fiberglass shingles.
 An upside to shake the unique rustic look they give to a structure.
15 Wood Shake
16 Slate Shingles

 These are shingles made out of rock. Slate shingles are created out
of a sedimentary rock.
 This rock can be split into thin sheets that are ideal for roofing
shingles
17 Metal

 Metal is a very common material used for roofs. There are many
different types of metal roofing systems available.
 The types of metal used with available systems varies from zinc to
steel, copper, aluminium, and tin.
18 Tile

 Tile is one of the more expensive materials used for roofs.

 Although the traditional clay tile is probably the most well known
tile material it is not the only one.
 Other materials that are used to create tile products are metal,
concrete, slate, and various synthetic compositions
19 Tile