MULTI LINE TRANSMISSION AND

FILTERED-DEALY MULTIPLY AND SUM

BEAMFORMING IN ULTRASOUND
IMAGING
 OBJECTIVE
• To increase the image quality by improving
the frame rate
• To reduce the cross talk artifacts due to
multiple beams
 MULTI LINE TRANSMISSION
• In multi-line transmission (MLT), several beams
are focused along different steering directions
simultaneously, during a single transmit event
• This can be achieved by
1.Split the aperture of a single transducer into
several subsets of elements, each transmitting one
of the beams
2.Use a single transducer with a multitude of
signal generators(i.e excitation)
USING TWO GENERATORS
• The imaging sector is divided into equally
sized sub-regions, with the number of sub-
regions equal to the number of MLT beams,
and each transmit line appearing in only one of
the sub-regions
 MULTI LINE TRANSMISSION
• The multiple beams that are simultaneously
transmitted
• It may determine cross-talk artifacts that are
typically reduced, although not eliminated, by
the use of Tukey apodization on both
transmission and reception apertures
• To overcome this Filtered-Delay Multiply And
Sum (F-DMAS) beamforming with MLT is used
for high frame-rate ultrasound imaging
• The DMAS algorithm focuses the received
beam by applying geometrically computed
delays to the signals coming from the
transducer array elements in the US probe
• Before summation, signals are combinatorially
coupled and multiplied
• The DMAS-beamformed signal is obtained as

N-no. of receive channels

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FILTERED DELAY
MULTIPLY AND SUM BEAMFORMING
 FILTERED DELAY MULTIPLY AND
SUM BEAMFORMING(F-DMAS)
• Focuses the received beam by applying
geometrically computed delays to the signals
coming from the transducer array elements in
the US probe
• The BP filter is designed to pass the second
harmonics only and to attenuate the baseband
and higher-frequency components
 OUTCOME PARAMETERS
• Contrast to Noise Ratio

• Contrast Ratio

• Signal to Noise Ratio

2MLT
RESULTS
4MLT

8MLT 16MLT
 RESULTS
2MLT 4MLT 8MLT 16MLT

SNR 7.0162 7.0196 7.0172 7.004

CR 11.7186 11.7193 11.7175 11.7354

RESULTS
 2MLT/DMAS 4MLT/DMAS 8MLT/DMAS 16MLT/DMAS

SNR 53.8559 53.0343 53.0329 53.0266

CR 22.0641 23.0203 23.0141 23.0233

CNR 0.0453 0.0504 0.0504 0.0505