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    Anh Minh Le
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    Qualitative research seeks to understand a phenomenon from the perspectives of those involved, provide a complete picture of an issue, and reveal rich insights. It uses textual data and flexible methods to explore phenomena rather than confirm hypotheses. Common qualitative methodologies include participant observation, depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys. Participant observation involves immersing oneself in a population to gain insider knowledge. Depth interviews use intensive individual interviews to explore perspectives in detail. Focus groups generate data on how groups think about ideas in a group setting. Sampling methods like purposive, quota, and snowball sampling are used to select relevant participants. Data is collected through field notes, audio/video, and transcripts.

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    QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE(1)

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    Qualitative research seeks to understand a phenomenon from the perspectives of those involved, provide a complete picture of an issue, and reveal rich insights. It uses textual data and flexible methods to explore phenomena rather than confirm hypotheses. Common qualitative methodologies include participant observation, depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys. Participant observation involves immersing oneself in a population to gain insider knowledge. Depth interviews use intensive individual interviews to explore perspectives in detail. Focus groups generate data on how groups think about ideas in a group setting. Sampling methods like purposive, quota, and snowball sampling are used to select relevant participants. Data is collected through field notes, audio/video, and transcripts.

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    12 views18 pages

    Qualitative and Quantitative

    Uploaded by

    Anh Minh Le
    Qualitative research seeks to understand a phenomenon from the perspectives of those involved, provide a complete picture of an issue, and reveal rich insights. It uses textual data and flexible methods to explore phenomena rather than confirm hypotheses. Common qualitative methodologies include participant observation, depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys. Participant observation involves immersing oneself in a population to gain insider knowledge. Depth interviews use intensive individual interviews to explore perspectives in detail. Focus groups generate data on how groups think about ideas in a group setting. Sampling methods like purposive, quota, and snowball sampling are used to select relevant participants. Data is collected through field notes, audio/video, and transcripts.

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    of 18

    QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES

    INTRODUCTION:
    Qualitative research…

    Allows the researcher to understand a problem or


    Phenomenon from the perspectives of the people it involves

    Reveals a complete picture of a certain research issue

    Seeks to provide a rich understanding of a certain research


    issue
    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 1
    QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES

    INTRODUCTION:
    Quantitative research…

    1. Quantifies variation
    - What factors influence athletic ability?
    Expresses a number or measure of a mount

    2. Predict relationships
    - When is it most likely to rain?

    3. Describle characteristics
    - What is the average height of an FTU student?
    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 2
    QUALITATIVE vs. QUANTITATIVE
    RESEARCH
    QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

    • Textual data • Numerica data


    • Explore phenomena • Confirm hypotheses
    • Flexible, unstructured • Rigid, structured
    • Describe variation, • Quantify variation,
    relationships, and predict relationships,
    individual and group and describle
    experiences. characteristics.

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 3


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES
    The most common qualitative research methodologies
    are:
    Participant observation

    Depth interviews

    Focus groups

    Surveys

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 4


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES

    1. Participant observation

    - Observe naturally occurring behaviors


    through immersion whith a population
    - Develop “insider” knowledge
    - Record detailed and extensive field notes
    - Notice everything

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 5


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES

    1. Participant observation

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 6


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES

    1. Participant observation

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 7


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES

    Depth Interviews

    Intensive individual interviews

    Small number of paticipants

    Explore perspectives on an issue or phenomenon

    Dynamic and detailed

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 8


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES
    Depth interviews

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 9


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES
    Focus Groups

    Generate data on how groups think about


    certain ideas in group settings

    Not just facts – meaning of facts.

    Good conversation

    Careful moderation

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 10


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES
    Focus Groups

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 11


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES
    Focus Groups

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 12


    SAMPLING
    Determining a Sample
    - Even if it were possible, it is not necessary to
    collect data from everyone in a community.

    - In qualitative research, the researcher needs to


    define and select a sample.

    - The study’s objectives and the characteristics


    of the study population determine which and
    how many people to sellect.
    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 13
    SAMPLING METHODS

    Three of the most common sampling menthods are:

    Purposive sampling

    Qouta Sampling

    Snowball Sampling

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 14


    SAMPLING METHODS

    Purposive sampling

    Purposive sampling groups participants according to


    pre – selected criteria relevant to a particular research question
    Ex: Motorbike drivers in HCMC

    Sample sizes depend on:


    - Resources and time available
    - The study’s objectives

    If the researcher needs a specific number


    of participants, qouta sampling is better.
    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 15
    SAMPLING METHODS
    Qouta Sampling
    Quota sampling begins with two decisions:
    -What characteristics?
    - How many people?

    Characteristics are selected in order to find participants


    who have experience with or knowledge of the research topic

    The researcher goes into the community and selects


    the predetermined number of people demonstrating
    the pre – selected characteristics
    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 16
    SAMPLING METHODS
    Snowball Sampling

    Snowball Sampling is a form of purposive sampling

    Paticipants refer the researcher to orther potential participants

    Snowball Sampling is often used to find and recruit


    “hidden populaions” – groups not easily accessible

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 17


    QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES

    DATA & SYNTHESIS


    Your way of collecting data will depend on wich
    qualitative methodology you choose. These include:
    Field notes

    Audio and Video

    Transcripts

    06/17/21 Lê Thị Xuân Sang 18

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