IDEAL GAS

 
1.A 340-L tank contained hydrogen sulfide gas at 1034 KPa and 15ºC after 2 kgs
of the gas had been drawn out. Before any gas left the tank, the temperature was
21ºC. What mass of the gas was in the tank originally and what was its pressure?
( M W of H2S = 34 )

Mass left = P2V2 / RT2 = 1034(0.34) / 0.2445(15+273) = 4.99kg = 5kg

Mass original = 2 + 5 = 7kg

P1 = mass original(R)(T1) / V1 = 7(0.2445)(21+273) / 0.34 = 1480 KPa

2. A system consists of two vessels A and B with connecting valve. The vessel A
contains 425 liters of nitrogen at 1500 KPa and a temperature of 45ºC. Vessel B
contains 1 kg of nitrogen at 550 KPa and 15 ºC. After the valve separating the two
vessels is opened, the temperature of the mixture becomes 32 ºC. Calculate the
final pressure of the mixture?
( MW of nitrogen gas = 28 )

MA + MB = Mmix Eq.1

PAVA / RTA + PBVB / RTB = PmVm / RTm Eq.2

VB = MBRTB / PB = 1(0.2969)288 / 550 = 0.156 m3

[1500(0.425) / (0.2969)(318)] + 1 = [Pm(0.425+0.156) / (0.2969)(305)]

Pm = (7.752)(305)(0.2969) / 0.581 = 1208.2 KPa

3. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the tire.
When the air temperature is 25°C, the pressure gage reads 240 KPa. If the volume of the
tire is 0.025 m3, determine the pressure rise in the tire when the air temperature in the
tire rises to 50°C. Also, determine the amount of air that must be bled off to restore
pressure to its original value at this temperature. (Rair = 0.287 KJ/kg-K)

m = PV / RT = (240 + 101.325)(0.025) / 0.287(298) = 0.0998kg

P2 = P1 x (T2 / T1) = 341.325 x (323/298) = 369.96 KPa = 268.6 Kpag

m2 = (341.325)(0.025) / 0.287(323) = 0.092kg

mb = 0.0998 – 0.092 = 0.0078kg = 7.8gm

4. An automobile tire contains 114 grams of air at 210 KPa gage and 21ºC. It has an
automatic valve that releases air whenever the pressure exceeds 235 KPa gage. Under
certain running conditions, the steady-state temperature becomes 50ºC. What mass of
air escapes and what is the tire pressure when the remaining air has return to 21ºC?
(Rair = 0.287 KJ/kg-K)

V = mRT / P = 0.114(0.287)294 / 311.325 = 0.0309 m3

m = PV / RT = 336.325(0.0309) / 0.287(323) = 0.112kg

mesc = 0.114 – 0.112 = 0.002kg

P = mRT / V = 0.112(0.287)294 / 0.0309 = 305.84 KPaa = 204.5 KPag

5. It is planned to lift and move logs from almost inaccessible forest areas by means of
balloon with a mass of 100 kg. Helium at 200 KPa gage and temperature of 25°C is to be
used in the balloon. What minimum balloon diameter (assume spherical) will be required
for a gross lifting force of 500 kg? Surrounding air temperature = 21°C
( RHe = 2.078 KJ/kg K & Rair = 0.287 KJ/kg-K)

Ma = MHe + MBal + MLoad

PaVa / RaTa = [PHeVHe / RHeTHe] + MBal + MLoad

[101.325(V) / 0.287(294)] = [301.325(V) / 2.078(298)] + 100 + 500

1.20085V = 0.4866V + 600

V = 600 / 0.71425 = 840 m3

But; V = 4/3 π r3

r = 5.85md = 2r = 11.7m
6. A spherical tank 2 m in diameter contains oxygen at 20.5 bars and 25ºC. How many
drums 20 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height, which are initially, contain O2 at 1.4 bars
and 18ºC, can be filled to a pressure of 3.4 bars and 18ºC? Assume that the temperature
of the oxygen left in the sphere remains at 25ºC.

Vtank = 4/3 π r 3 = 4/3 π (1m) 3 = 4.1888 m3

Mass of O2 initially, mi = 2050(4.1888) / 0.2598(298) = 110.9 kg

Mass left after refill, mL = 340(4.1888) / 0.2598(298) = 18.396 kg

Vdrum = 0.7854(0.2m)2(0.6m) = 0.01885 m3

Mass in drum initially, mdi = 140(0.01885) / 0.2598(291) = 0.0349 kg

Mass in drum after refill, mf = 340(0.01885) / 0.2598(291) = 0.0848 kg

No of drums = (110.9 – 18.396) / (0.0848 – 0.0349) = 1854 drums

7. An empty tin can with height of 30cm and a diameter of 15cm is open at one end and
closed at the other end. If the vertical can, with open end down, be slowly immersed in
water, how far the water will rise inside the can when the closed end is 10 cm below the
water surface.

P1V1 = P2V2
P1V1 = (101.325)(0.7854)(0.15m)2(0.3m) = 0.5372 KJ
P2V2 = [9.81(0.1+X) + 101.325][0.7854(0.15)2(X)]
= [0.981 + 9.81X + 101.325][0.01767X]
= [102.306 + 9.81X + 101.325][0.01767X]
= 1.808X + 0.1733X2
 
0.1733X2 + 1.808X – 0.5372 = 0
By quadratic: X = 0.2885m = 28.85cm
h = 30 – 28.85 = 1.15 m = 11.5 mm