TUTORIAL PROBLEMS (Examples)

 
1.An astronaut weighs 850N on the surface of the earth where g is 9.806 m/sec 2.
What is the mass of the astronaut? What is his mass on the surface of the moon
where g is 1/6 of the earth’s gravity?

me = w/g = 850N / 9.806

= 86.682kg
mm = me = 86.682kg
2. What force in Newton will accelerate a mass of 50kg at the rate of
12 m/sec2?

F = m x a = 50kg (12 m/sec2) = 600N

3. The mass of a kite is 0.102kg. What is the force due to gravity acting on the
kite?

W = m x g = 0.102kg (9.806 m/sec2) = 1 Newton

4. The weight of 1 Liter of gasoline is 7.0 N. Determine its density.

m = w/g = 7N / 9.806 m/sec2

= 0.7138 kg

ρ = m/v = 0.7138 kg / 1 liter

= 0.7138 kg/liter * 1000L / m3
= 713.8kg/m3
5. The weight of 1 liter of gasoline is 7.0N. Determine its relative density.

S.G.g = ρg / ρwater
where:
m = W / g = 7N / 9.81 m/sec2 = 0.7136kg

ρgas = m / v = 0.7135kg / 1 liter = 0.7136 kg/L

 
S.G.gas = ρg / ρw = 0.7136 kg/liter / 1 kg/l = 0.7136
6. An open water tank is filled to a depth of 1.5m. What is the absolute
pressure of the fluid at the bottom of the tank?

P = ρgh = 1000 kg/m3 (9.806 m/sec2 ) 1.5m

= 14709 N/m2
= 14.709 Kpa

Pabs = P + Patm
= 14.709 + 101.325
= 116.034 KPa abs
7. Define a new scale, say °N, in which the boiling and freezing points of water
are 1000°N and 100°N, respectively. Correlate this scale with the Celsius scales.

N-100 / 900 = c / 100

N – 100 = 900C / 100
N = 9°C + 100
8. A pump discharges 20kg/min of diesel fuel (S.G = 0.8) to a vertical cylindrical
tank 3 meters high and 1 meter in diameter. Calculate the time (hrs) to fill the said
fuel tank.

Vtank = п/4 (d)2h

= 0.7854 (1)2 (3)
= 2.356m3

V flow rate = mass flow rate / density

= 20 kg/min / 0.8(1000 kg/m3 )
= 0.025 m3/min

Time = Vtank / Vrate

= 2.356 m3 / 0.025 m3/min
= 94.24 min
= 1.57 hrs
9. A nuclear submarine is 200m below the surface of the sea. What is the pressure
(bars) exerted on the hull (outer casing ) by the water at this depth?

P = ρ(g)(h) = 1000 kg/m3 ( 9.81 m/sec2 ) (200m )

= 1,962,000 Pa
= 1962 Kpa (1bar / 100KPa)
= 19.62 bars
10. An open tank 1 meter in diameter and 1.5m in height is filled with diesel oil
(S.G = 0.85). Assuming 75% of its capacity is occupied by the diesel, calculate the
pressure of the fluid at the bottom of the tank.

Pbottom = ρ (g ) h
= (0.85) (1,000) (9.81) (1.5) (0.75)
= 9380.81 Pa
= 9.3808 Kpa