Chapter 5

The Maintenance of
Human Resources

Dr. Essayas Taye

Working Environment:
Employee Safety and
Health
Employee Welfare

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 Organization for welfare
Most countries have laws which
mandates that every industrial
establishment must appoint a welfare
officer if the number of employees is 500
or more .

It is argued that the prime responsibility for

welfare should rest with the line manager or
the HR manager.

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 Employee Welfare
 Welfare is a broad concept referring
to a state of living of an individual or
group in a desirable relationship with
the total environment–ecological,
economic and social.
 The social concept of welfare implies
the welfare of man, his family and his
community.
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“Every organization hears what
employees says, good organization
listens to what employees have to
say but organizations with employee
welfare schemes listens what
employees don’t say”

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 Merits of employee welfare
•Motivates employees
•Better job satisfaction
•Employee retention
•Enhanced sense of security
•Minimized social evils/problems
•Reduction in turn-over and absenteeism
•Improved productivity
•Improved quality
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Demerits

Huge investment

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Health and Safety
 Health
 A general state of physical,

mental, and emotional well-being.

 Safety
 A condition in which the physical

well-being of people is protected.

Responsibilities:
Health and Safety
Health service
Health center
First aid
Health education
Counseling
Ambulance service

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Women and child welfare
 Maternity aid
 Child care
 Separate facilities for
women
 Women’s recreation
 Family planning services

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 Outside the work place

 Comfortable and hygienic residences

 Sanitation and water disposal
 Proper roads and lighting facility
 Plentiful markets
 Peace and Security
 Health and medical services
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 What is safety?

Safety:- freedom from the occurrence or risk of

injury or loss.

Industrial safety:- protection of workers from

the danger of industrial accidents.

Accident:- an unplanned and uncontrolled event

in which an action or reaction of an object, a
substance, a person, or a radiation results in
personal injury.
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 Need for safety program
Cost saving

Increased productivity

Improved Moral

Legal Requirement

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WORKFORCE
DIVERSITY
 Diversity
M¿’ƒ ¨<uƒ ’¨<

The beauties of nature come in all

colors. The strengths of humankind
come in many forms. Every human
being is wonderfully unique.
All of us contribute in different
ways. When we learn to honor the
difference, and appreciate the mix,
we find harmony.
Author Unknown
What is Diversity?
The many differences that make us
unique
 Primary Factors  Secondary Factors
 Race  Work Style
 Ethnicity  Education
 Sex  Income
 Age  Marital status,
 Personality
 Rank
 Values
 Diversity is ...

 Diversity is the sum total of the differences

which make individuals who they are, and
their collective ability to contribute to the
goals of an organization.

 Managing Diversity is a conscious choice and

commitment by an organization to VALUE
these differences by using diversity as a
source of strength to achieve organizational
goals.

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 Diversity is ...
“An inclusive process of appreciating what
individuals with different backgrounds bring to
the organization.”

“The condition of being different.”

Diversity

 An inclusive work environment that
values individual differences and
provides equal opportunity for all
 Behaviors and polices contribute to
mission effectiveness
 What is Diversity Management?
 An inclusive environment that enhances the contribution of all
members to fulfill the organization’s mission
 Differences are recognized, understood, and valued
 Accomplished through communication, education, policies,
programs, selection, retention, mentoring, leadership, and
individual accountability
 Why Manage Diversity?

 The changes in the employee market suggest

most employers will need to develop their
recruitment & retention strategies to achieve
their organizational goals.
 The changes in the domestic and global
market suggest that companies need to
understand diversity to succeed in their
business and meet their customers needs
 Valuing diversity creates an environment
where EVERYONE is respected and valued for
their contributions to the organization's
success
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 What is an Inclusive Environment?
 Active inclusion of all members in the
organization
 Valuing differences among organizational

members
 Competing for the best people

 Reducing negative behaviors that can keep

people apart
 Creating an environment where everyone

can develop their potential

 Reflects High Standards Of
Performance
 Organizations that do not practice diversity
management expect less from members from
certain backgrounds.
 Organizations practicing diversity management
expect the best from all members. They set
high standards and demand top performance
from everyone.
 Essential of Diversity Management

 Leaders/Managers must be a
proactive, flexible, and have the
ability to cultivate the advantages
of diversity, while minimizing its
challenges.
Diversity Management Advantages
for the Organization

 Creates an image that improves recruiting of

members into the organization
 Gives your organization a competitive edge
 Improves problem solving
 Enhances inclusion of all members
 Reflects high standards of performance
 Stimulates individual development
 Advantages…Cont’d
 Creates respect for the contribution of
every member
 Concentrates a focus upon the mission,
which all members share
 Makes the organization more adaptable
 2.6

The Competitive Advantages…Cont’d

Leads to better Facilitates

rapport with recruiting and
culturally diverse retaining talented
customers individuals

Improves
Improves Reduces possible
productivity and
customer service cultural bloopers
profits
 How Do Organizations Benefit
From Diversity?

 Wider perspectives on problem solving

 Improves mission effectiveness
 Positive organizational image that
helps in recruiting the best people for
the organization
 Larger set of knowledge, skills,
abilities, and experiences for meeting
the organizational mission
 Improves Recruitment & Selection
 Creates an image of the
organization to the outside world
that is inclusive of people of
different backgrounds.
 Because different kinds of people
want to associate with an
organization that values diversity.
 Creates Respect For The Contribution of
Every Member
 Requires that all members actively
participate in accomplishing the
mission.
 Fosters a respect from all
organizational members for what
each member can contribute to the
mission.
 Summary
 Diversity is about leveraging human
potential, which is critical to enhance
mission readiness.
 Diversity management improves
mission readiness and organizational
effectiveness.
 There are challenges to diversity
management, but with the correct
tools the obstacles can be resolved.
 THANK YOU

for your active participation

….