DISABILIT

Y
An Effort By:-
Sehaj
Saubhagya
Priyam
 What is a Disability??
A Disability is an impairment
that creates obstructions or
limitations in normal functions
or movements of an individual.
Types of D
isability
1. Cognitiv
e Disability
2. Intellectu
al Disability
3. Physical
Disability
 Cognitive disABILITY
 This disability creates hinderance or
obstruction for an individual to store,
process and produce information.
 Cognitive disability is a term describing a
person who has greater difficulty with
mental tasks than the average person.
 Cognitive disabilities are by far the most
common type of disability.
 Cognitive disABILITY

Memory Hyperactivity Dyslexia

Disorder
Memory
disorder
●
Memory disorders are the
result of damage to
neuroanatomical structures
that hinders the storage,
retention and recollection
of memories.
●
Memory disorders can be
progressive,
including Alzheimer's disease,
or they can be immediate
including disorders resulting
from head injury.
Hyperac
dyslexia
tivity
●
Dyslexia is a learning disorder
●
Hyperactivity is a state of that affects your ability to
read, spell, write, and speak.
being unusually or
abnormally active
●
Kids with dyslexia often have
normal vision and are just as
●
If you have hyperactivity,
smart as their peers. But they
you may become anxious
struggle because it takes
or depressed because of them longer to read. Trouble
your condition and how processing words can also
people respond to it. make it hard to spell, write,
and speak clearly.
 Intellectual Disability

 Intellectual disability involves problems with

general mental abilities that affect functioning
in two areas:
1. Intellectual functioning (such as learning, problem
solving, judgement).
2. Adaptive functioning (activities of daily life such as
communication and independent living).
 Intellectual disability affects about one percent
of the population, and of those about 85 percent
have mild intellectual disability.
 Physical Disability
• A physical disability is a limitation on a person's
physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.
• Other physical disabilities include impairments which
limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory
disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.
• A physical disability does not necessarily stop you
from performing specific tasks but makes them
more challenging.
• This includes daily tasks taking longer to
complete, such as getting dressed or difficulty
gripping and carrying things.
 Causes of Disability
• Communicable diseases (Infectious diseases) such as lymphatic
filariasis, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and other sexually transmitted
diseases contribute to the cause.
• Non communicable diseases (NCDs)–
1. Chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, arthritis
and cancer cause the majority of long-term disabilities.
2. Lifestyle choices and personal behavior such as obesity, physical
inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, illicit drugs are also
becoming major contributing factors
3. Air pollution, occupational disease, poor water supply, sanitation,
and personal and domestic hygiene, malnutrition also contribute
for disability.
• Injuries due to road traffic accidents, occupational
injury, violence, conflicts, falls have long been
recognized as contributors to disability.
• Mental health problems– mental health retardation
and mental illness are the causes of mental disability.
• In more than 50% cases mental retardation has been
reported to be caused by serious illness or head injury
in the childhood and birth defects.
• Mental retardation was observed mostly at birth or at
very early ages of life while the problem of mental
illness is more of an old age problem.
 Disability Etiquettes
Disability etiquettes refers to respectful communication and
interaction with people who have disabilities. 

 The principles of disability etiquette are fairly simple, rely on

common sense to guide your interactions with people with
disabilities and behave in the same courteous and respectful
way.
 2.5.
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THANK YOU !