University of Massachusetts

-Dartmouth

Laboratory Safety
Training
Environmental Safety &
Health

Public Safety
 Purpose
This presentation provides faculty, staff
and students with important information
regarding the use of hazardous chemicals
in the workplace.
If you are receiving this training it means
that you work with these chemicals.
Discuss any questions regarding the
proper handling and disposal of chemicals
with your supervisor.
 Environmental Safety & Health

If you have questions regarding this presentation

on Laboratory Safety you may contact

 Amy Pacheco: x6912 or

akampersol@umassd.edu

 Robert Casparius: x8176 or

rcasparius@umassd.edu
 Training Outline

Federal Laboratory and HazCom Standards

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Administrative Procedures
Chemical Toxicology
Engineering Controls
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Emergency Procedures (Spills)
Chemical Storage/Disposal
Working Safely With Chemicals
Defined under two Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA)
regulations
 Hazard Communication Standard
29 CFR 1910.1200
Promulgated 25 November 1983
 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous
Chemicals in Laboratories
29 CFR 1910.1450
Promulgated 1 May 1990
 Hazard Communication

Purpose
 To ensure that the hazard of all chemicals are
evaluated and that the information is
transmitted to employees; in this case the
faculty, staff and students at the University.
Accomplished via:
 Container labeling
 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Employee training
 Occupational Exposure to
Chemicals in the Laboratory
Purpose
 Provide employees with the necessary tools
to protect themselves and their co-workers.
Accomplished via:
 Knowledge
 Administrative Procedures
 Engineering Controls
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
 Staff and Student’s
Responsibility

Comply with all laboratory safety policies

and procedures while working in the
laboratory
When in doubt about a particular safety
policy or procedure ask the Principal
Investigator or Laboratory Supervisor
 Staff and Student’s
Responsibilities (continue)
Attend training classes
Learn the chemical hazard by reading the
MSDS
Know the signs and symptoms of
exposure
Know the proper personal protective
equipment (PPE) to use
Know emergency procedures
 Principal Investigator’s
Responsibility
Provide staff and students access to
MSDSs for all chemicals used in the
laboratory
Ensure that all staff and students comply
with laboratory safety policies and
procedures while working in the laboratory
Ensure that all safety equipment is
available for use and working properly
 Responsibility of
Environmental Safety & Health

Provide Policies and Procedures for the

safe use, storage and disposal of
hazardous materials
Provide MSDS upon request
Conduct periodic training
Conduct periodic laboratory inspections
 UMD Safety Policy and
Procedures (Future)
Laboratory Safety Plan
Hazardous Communication Program
Hazardous Waste Management
Exposure Control Plan
Personal Protective Equipment
Emergency Procedure Guide
 Chemical Hygiene Plan

A program documenting procedures, personal

protective equipment, and work practices that
are capable of protecting the employee from the
health hazards used in that particular work
place.
Keep exposure levels below the permissible
exposure limit (PEL).
Intended to comply with OSHA Standard 29
CFR 1910.1450
 Employee Rights

Request and obtain information on

hazardous chemicals in your workplace.
Be informed of hazardous chemicals you
come in contact with on your job.
Access to written material.
 MSDS
 Chemical Hygiene Plan
 Hazardous Communication
 Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS)

A document provided by the manufacturer

that contains information on the potential
hazards and how to work safely with the
chemical product.
Should be able to provide one to any
inspector or person who asks.
Common website: www.hazard.com
Example: Bleach
 Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS)
Manufacturer’s Info
 Name, address and phone
number
 Common names
Hazardous Ingredients
Hazard Characteristics
 Routes of entry
 Physical hazards
 Health hazards
First Aid Measures
Fire Fighting Measures
Accidental Release
Handling and Storage
Exposure Control
 Personal Protective
Equipment
 Acceptable Exposure
Levels
Chemical
Information/Toxicology
 OSHA Requirement

Chemical manufacturers or importers shall ensure that distributors

and employers are provided an appropriate material safety data
sheet with their initial shipment, and with the first shipment after a
material safety data sheet is updated;
The employer shall maintain in the workplace copies of the required
material safety data sheets for each hazardous chemical, and shall
ensure that they are readily accessible during each work shift to
employees when they are in their work area(s). (Electronic access,
microfiche, and other alternatives to maintaining paper copies of the
material safety data sheets are permitted as long as no barriers to
immediate employee access in each workplace are created by such
options.)
 Sources of MSDS

The company providing the chemical

 Fisher Scientific
 Sigma-Aldrich
On-Line Sources
 Fisher Scientific
 Hazard
 Sigma-Aldrich
NFPA Diamond

Blue – Health
Red – Flammability
Yellow – Reactivity
White – Special
Hazards
 NFPA Diamond
Health (blue) 0 to 4 Reactivity (yellow) 0
where 0 is no to 4 where 0 is not
hazardous and 4 reactive and 4 is
most hazardous explosive
Fire (red) 0 to 4 Special Hazards:
where 0 is not  Water Reactive
flammable and 4  Radioactive
 Alkaline
extremely flammable  Acid
 Corrosive
 Oxidizing
 Labeling
Manufacture label In-house label
 Chemical name  Chemical name
 Appropriate warnings.  Date
 Name and address of  Appropriate warnings
manufacturer.  Your name
Labeling and the
NFPA Diamond
Signs (Entrance to Lab)
Signs (Laboratory Refrigerator)
Signs on Cabinets
Hazards at UMASS-Dartmouth
Health Hazards
 Acute Health Effects
Immediate
 Examples: burns, headache, vomiting, nausea
 Chronic Health Effects
Long Term
 Examples:
Carcinogens: Acrylamide
Mutagens: Sodium Azide, Ethidium Bromide
Teratogens: Organic mercury compounds
 Chemical Toxicology

Toxicology is the study of how chemicals

cause undesirable effects on humans.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
 Know the signs and symptoms associated
with exposure to the chemicals in your
workplace.
 Be observant for these signs and symptoms.
 Know what to do if you are exposed.
 Chemical Toxicology

Routes of Entry
 Inhalation
 Absorption
 Ingestion
 Injection
 Chemical Toxicology

Inhalation
 The most common route of exposure.
 Can be in the form of a gas, vapor or dust.
Example: Formaldehyde
 Can be deposited in the airways or absorbed
through the lungs and into the blood stream.
 Blood can then circulate the toxin to the rest
of the body.
 Chemical Toxicology

Absorption
 Skin acts as a barrier between the
environment and the organs of the human
body.
 Skin can be attacked directly.
Examples: Acids and Bases
 Skin can be penetrated.
Examples: Phenol, Nitrobenzene
 Chemical Toxicology

Ingestion
 Rarely takes place by deliberate swallowing of
toxic substances.
 Food and drinks can become contaminated
by dust, mist and fumes.
 Dust on hands, face and clothing can get into
the mouth by licking one’s lips or wiping one’s
face.
 Chemical Toxicology
No eating or drinking
in laboratories or
storing food in
laboratory
refrigerators or cold
rooms.
 Chemical Toxicology

Injection
 Occurs through accidental needle sticks,
puncture wounds or through broken skin /
open wounds.
 May produce rapid response when injected
because the chemical / toxin is introduced
directly into the blood stream.
Personal Protective Equipment
Examples of PPE Minimum PPE
 Lab Coat  Lab Coat
 Aprons  Gloves
 Gloves  Safety Glasses
 Safety Glasses
 Face Shields
 Booties
 Respirators
 Personal Protective Equipment
Lab Coats and Aprons
Personal Protective Equipment
Gloves
 Latex and Nitrile
Personal Protective Equipment
Safety Goggles and Glasses
 Respirator Use

Requirements for wearing a respirators

 Have a physical
 Be fit-tested for the respirator
 Be trained in the proper use of the respirator
 Engineering Controls

Ventilation
 Room air exchanges
 Local ventilation
 Fume Hoods
 BioSafety Cabinet
 Glove Boxes
Containments
 Flammable and Acid Cabinets

Secondary Containment
 Air Exchange

Definition: Refers to
the rate at which
outside replaces
indoor air in a
building, expressed in
either air changes per
hour (ACH) cubic feet
per minute (cfm).
 Local Ventilation

A local source of
ventilation is used
over equipment that
may give off a gas,
fume or dust. Similar
to a fan over a stove
to remove smoke
from cooking food.
Fume Hood

An enclosed area with a

local exhaust used for
working with chemicals
that have the potential to
give off fumes. dust or
gases. Fume hoods
should be check for
operability, sash height
and annual certification
prior to use.
BioSafety Cabinet

Used for working with

biological agents to
protect the researcher
from the agent. Filters
airborne contaminants
before exhausting air.
Confirm operability and
annual inspection prior
to use.
Glove Box
 Chemical Storage
Acid Storage Flammable Storage
Secondary Containment
Gas Cylinders
Use local ventilation
for hazardous gases
Secure tank to wall or
bench
Ensure there are no
kinks in hose
Close valve remove
regulator and attach a
cap to cylinder prior to
moving it
Secure Gas Cylinder
Cryogenics
Do not transfer to
open container and
transport
Wear personal
protective equipment
prior to transferring
liquid from Dewar
 Gloves
 Face Shield & Safety
Glasses
 PPE for work with LN
Eye Protection
 Full face shield with safety
goggles is best
Heavy, loose fitting leather or
cryogenic gloves
Lab coat
 Long Pants – no cuffs to
avoid spill collection
 Closed toe shoes
 Do not tuck pants into
shoes/boots
Electrical Safety

Ground Fault
Interrupter
Used near sources of
water, such as
bathroom sinks
Protects people
Circuit breaker is a
property protector
Extension cords vs power strips
 Transporting Chemicals

Use two hands when

carrying chemicals or
A chemical carrier
 Emergency Procedures

Spills (chemical or radioactive)

 Small (less than or equal to 500 ml)
 Large
Personal Contamination
Gas Leak (flammable, toxic corrosive,
oxygen)
Explosion
Fire
 Small Spill

Attempt to contain the spill with absorbent

or paper towels to keep it from spreading
Control access to the affected area
Contact professor or Principal Investigator
If need be contact EH&S at x8176
Take Steps to clean spill, wearing the
appropriate PPE
 Large Spill

Remain calm.
Protect yourself and colleagues from harm
If the large spill is not deemed dangerous
to occupants of the laboratory
 Contain the spill and control access to the area
 Contact your professor or Principal
Investigator
 Contact ES&H at x8176
 Large Spill

If deemed dangerous to the laboratory

occupants, exit the lab and confine the
spill or fumes by closing the lab door
If necessary, pull fire alarm to evacuate
the building
Call UMASS Public Safety x9191
Spill Cleanup
 Personal Contamination

Remain calm
Protect yourself and your colleagues from
further harm
Wash any chemical or radioactive
material off for >15 minutes
If necessary use emergency
showers/eyewash stations
 Personal Contamination

Seek medical attention if needed

If necessary call Public Safety at x9191
Contact your professor or Principal
Investigator
Contact EH&S at x8176
Emergency Shower
Eyewash Station
 Check Operability

Eye wash and showers.

Department must check for operability.
Need to be down weekly.
 Gas Leak

If a person notices a gas leak and deems it

dangerous to laboratory occupants
Evacuate the lab and confine by closing the
door
If need be, pull fire alarm to evacuate the
building
Report leak to your Department Chair who
contact Facilities
 Gas Leak

If found to be limited in extent and

reasonably safe, attempt to shut off source
of gas leak
If the gas leak continues after shutting off
valve contact Facilities to repair spigot
In the Event of a Fire
Know ahead of time
where to exit the
building in the event
of a fire
Activate the fire alarm
system
Exit the building via
one of the designated
exits
Fire Safety and PASS

Pull: Pin from handle

Aim: Fire extinguisher
Squeeze: Handle to
release agent
Sweep: Fire
extinguisher at fire
Chemical Storage / Disposal

Do not evaporate chemicals in the fume

hood
Do not mix incompatible chemicals
Use the proper waste container
Rinse empty bottles and deface label
Label all chemical waste
 Storage of Chemicals

Write the date received on new chemical

containers coming into the lab
Do not store chemicals on the floor
Do not store liquid chemicals on shelves where
you have to reach above your head for them
Return chemicals to the appropriate storage
location after use
Do not store incompatible chemicals together
 Chemical Compatibility
If there is any doubt regarding the possible reaction,
don’t mix chemicals
Examples of incompatible chemicals
 Flammables and acids
 Chlorates and ammonia salts
 Nitric acid and acetic acid
 Sodium metal and water
NIOSH website: School Chemistry Laboratory Safety
Guide Appendix E – Incompatible chemicals
 http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2007-107/appendixE.html
 Cabinets
Storage of Acids Storage of Flammables
 Refrigerator

•Do not store flammables in a

standard refrigerator.
•Do not store food, beverages
or ice for human consumption
in refrigerators.
•Label refrigerator doors with
a warning label about not
storing food in it.
Minimizing waste generation

Order only the amount of chemical

required for the experiment.
Excessive stocks of hazardous chemicals,
radioactive material and infectious agents
presents serious storage, safety and
disposal problems.
Try to find non-hazardous alternatives to
conduct your research.
 Waste Types

Hazardous: chemicals
Medical: items contaminated with
biological agents, toxin, blood or body
fluids
Universal: florescent lights, computers
and monitors
Radioactive: P-32, C-14, Uranium
 Identifying Waste

Proper laboratory waste disposal begins at

the experimental design stage.
When evaluating the experiment to be
performed consider the types of waste that
will be generated in procedure.
If in doubt ask your Principal Investigator
or laboratory supervisor
Contact EH&S for assistance
Satellite Accumulation Area
 Satellite Accumulation Area
Area must be posted
Caps must be secure on bottles when not
transferring waste to container
Containers must be stored within a
designated secondary container
Must be at or near the point of generation
and under the control of the trained person
directly responsible for the waste.
 Container Management

Container must be compatible with the

waste that is stored in it.
Incompatible containers must be
segregated.
Containers must be in good condition, not
ruptured or leaking.
 Container Labeling

All containers must be labeled with a

UMASS DARTMOUTH Hazardous waste
label.
Hazardous waste labels must be clearly
visible and legible.
 Information on the Label
All hazardous constituents (no formulas or
abbreviations).
The chemical’s associated hazards (e.g.
“corrosive, ignitable”)
The date the container becomes full and
ready for pickup.
The building/laboratory information found
at the bottom of the tag.
Documentation
 Hazardous waste pickup

Routine pickups on Tuesdays

Call 1-508-999-8242 or 1-978-547-9851
Hazwaste@umassd.edu
What is wrong with these pictures
What is wrong with these pictures
What is wrong with these pictures
What is wrong with these pictures
Unlabeled Containers
What is wrong with these pictures
What is wrong with these pictures
What could be wrong with these pictures
Open Bottles found in lab
Chemical Storage Room
Environmental
Safety & Health

Tel. # 8176