WRITING SKILLS

By Saleem Unnisa
MA, B Ed, Dip in Spl Ed
 Writing
skills

Abstract Concrete

Without With
hints hints
 Concrete

Pictorial
Using hints
representation

Rearranging Completing the Writing a story

the story story using visuals
 Tenses

Present past Future

Simple Simple
Simple past
present Future

Present Past Future

continuous continuous continuous

Present Past perfect Future

perfect perfect
 Present tense
Simple present tense
Universal truth ( the sun rises in the
east)
Habitat ( dog barks)
Present situation( making sandwich)
Simple present tense: Use of is, are,
am.
‘S’ form of verbs
Present continuous tense: -ing form
of verbs
Present perfect tense: Activity
started in the past and continues till
the present. (Has/Have + participle)
Simple past:
Past tense
• V2 form of verbs are used.

Past continuous:
Was/ were + -ing verb( I was walking on the road)

Past perfect:
 FUTURE
Person
TENSE
Pronoun
Noun
Future Tense Example

1st Person I shall I shall be there

Singular soon.

2nd Person You will You will be there

Singular soon.

3rd Person He, She, will He will be there

Singular It soon.

1st Person We shall We shall be there

Plural soon.

2nd Person You will You will be there

Plural soon.

3rd Person They will They will be

Plural there soon.
 Future tense
Simple future : Shall/ Will
Ex : I shall go tomorrow.

Future continuous: Will / Shall +be+ ing form of

verb
Ex : I will be going to London next month.

Future perfect continuous : will/ shall + have been +

v +ing
 Future perfect : Will / Shall + have + participle
for an action expected to complete by certain time in the
future(The sun will have set by now)
Something unexpected.(Ex: He shall travel any time)

Future perfect continuous : will/ shall + have been + v +ing

Ex: It will be raining all the time during your stay.
 Concrete form of writing
Creative writing with hints
Diwali

Festival of lights laxmi diyas delicious candles sweets favourite

Ganesh
Diwali is my _________ festival. It is a ‘’_________ _________ __________’’. We
decarate our homes with _________ and ________. We worship ___________and
__________. We distribute _______ to our friends and relatives.
Complete the web chart
School name Class ________
___________

__________ and Liked ______and

intelligent. __________
 ESSAY
WRITING
Types of essay writing
Reflective Essay
Narrative Essay
Descriptive Essay
Expository Essay
Imaginative Essay
 Hints on Essay
Writing
8 easy steps for essay writing

1. Research: Library, internet, academics

2. Analysis :strength and weeknesses of the topic
3. Brainstroming: Asking yourself dozens questions and answer them.
4. Thesis : Pick your best idea and pen it down
5. Outline
6. Introduction
7. Paragraphs
8. Conclusion
 DIALOGUE
WRITING
A dialogue writing means ‘’talk between two people’’
To write a dialogue writing writer has to put himself in both sides of the
situations to speak .
He has to imagine inside those two people to make them express their
opposite thought
 (NAME OF THE INSTITUTION)
(DATE ) NOTICE
(HEADING/TOPIC)
It should be written in not more than 50 words, in formal language ,in the third
person(avoid I, me, you ,us we our etc) and should clearly mention the following
details:
 Who is the notice meant for
 What is the event/occasion
 What should they do
 Where
 When

(SIGNATURE)
(NAME)
(DESIGNATION) of the person issuing the notice
 MESSAGE
A MESSAGE is an informal piece of writing.
should be written in not more than 50 words
It should clearly answer the following questions:
•Who called?
•When? (date; time)
•For whom?( name of the recepient)
•What did they say?(message in brief)
•What should the receiver do?(action expected)
•Who noted down the message?(your name)
----- Message
A message is an informal piece of writing.
Colloquial language is to be avoided.
The recipient could be a name, or a relation like mother,or a term of endearment like
dad/mom etc.
Dear before the name, and leave taking expressions like Love, Your son etc are not
allowed.
 FORMAT OF THE MESSAGE

MESSAGE
(Date)
(Time)

(Name of the recipient)

In not more than 50 words, clearly state-
 Who called?
 When? (date; time)
 For whom?( name of the recepient)
 What did they say?(message in brief)
 What should the receiver do?(action expected)
 Who noted down the message?(your name)
(Your Name)
3. ARTICLE

An article is normally written for a magazine or newspaper in

120 – 200 words. It is also a formal piece of writing and so
colloquial expressions should be avoided.
It should be clearly divided into paragraphs .Each paragraph
should cover only one idea and should have a topic
sentence .The specifics will vary but general guidelines for
organizing your article are given below. Paragraphs 2 and 3
may sometimes be combined into one.
 FORMAT of an
article

(Headline)
(-By line- your name)
Paragraph 1: INTRODUCTION-Definition
•History
•What do you understand by the topic?
•Is there a problem?
•What is the problem?
Paragraph 2:
•Reasons for the problem
•What is the general point of view?
•Examples from real life
Paragraph 3:
•What is your point of view?
•Possible solutions
•Examples from real life
Paragraph 4:
•What should be done to resolve the issue
•Who can/should do it
•When/where/how
•What will be the advantages .
Paragraph 5: Conclusion
•Restate the problem Restate the solution End on a
hopeful note.
 Formal Letter
There are many kinds of formal letters including
Letters of complaint
Letters requesting information
Letters providing information
Letter to an editor and so on.
Points to remember
•Formal language
•Subject :--------------------------------------------------------------------------- is important
•Avoid short forms like don’t or &
•Avoid words that you do not understand. Use simple English if in doubt but do not compromise on Clarity.
Divide your writing into paragraphs
Introduction
Body
conclusion
•Every line in the address should give on piece of information
For e.g. use
Flat no. 123
Rangmahal
Sultan Bazaar
Hyderabad
Instead of
Rangmahal, Flat no. 123,
Sultan Bazaar, Hyderabad
•Do not write your name anywhere except at the very end.
Sign off with
•Yours sincerely if you have used the person’s name e.g. Dear Mr. Reddy
Yours faithfully if you don’t know the name of the person/persons you are writing to
•e.g. Dear Messrs Floral Ideas
•Yours truly for letters to the editor
•Spelling correctly is important
•In a letter to the editor avoid Dear and just say Sir/Madam
 Format of a Formal Letter
Sender's Address
Date:
Receiver’s Address
Subject:
Dear Sir/ Madam
What is the problem
Why I am writing to you
What is it that I need
What I want you to do
I hope to receive a favourable response.
Thank you for your time.
Yours faithfully
Signature
Name in capital letters
Designation(if any)
DIARY WRITING
A diary entry is a very personal kind of writing. It is meant to record certain
significant events and feelings of the writer.
Format:
• Date/day/Time
• Salutation ‘Dear Diary’
• Heading of the entry
• Contents of the diary entry
• Signature
Points to remember:
• Creativity, imagination and expression in diary writing are tested.
• You should write as if you have really been a part of the situation.
• It is written in the first person.
• One does not write about things experienced on a daily basis. Only matters
of some significance are recorded.
• It is a secret record of one’s life, so one can be very honest about one’s feelings
and emotions.
Marking scheme
Date — ½ mark
Time — ½ mark
Salutation — ½ mark
Heading — 1 mark
Content — 2 marks
Signature — ½ mark`
THANK YOU