FLUOROSCENT MULTILAYER DISC

By
Hanumanth.B.K
1DS07IT401
 FLUOROSCENT MULTILAYER DISC
•FMD is the new technology being developed by
Constellation 3D.
•Fluorescent Multilayer disc is an optical disc
that uses fluorescent rather than reflective
material to store data.
•It is an three dimensional storage disc .
•It is similar in size and appearance to regular
CD-ROMs and DVDs 
 WHY FMD?
• Increase d Disc Capacity – upto 1 terabyte
• Quick Parallel Access and Retrieval of
information – with retrieval speed 1 GB/sec.
• Media Tolerance - less restrictions in
manufacturing conditions.
• Usage Flexibility – various media sizes &
types.
 Operating Principle
• The principle operation of FMD is based on a phenomenon
of phenomenon of photochromism.
• Photochromism is the reversible transformation of a
chemical species between two forms by the absorption of
electromagnetic radiation, where the two forms have differ-
ent absorption spectra.
•The laser beam when focused on the information material
the material startsmaterial the material starts radiating
radiating than reflecting.
• The laser beam causes the photochrome material to posses
the fluorescent properties .
•Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that
has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation of a
different wavelength.
•The fluorescence is caught up by a device called
photoreceiver receiver.
•The usage of photochrome material with increasing the
number of information layersdo not make the signal worse
which is not in case of other optical discs.
•The developers state that with   blue laser (480nm)
 it is possible to increase density up to Terabytes on the
disc.
•This technology prevents the problem of interference
since we are using photochrome material which posses
the fluorescent properties.
Laser beam strikes the
fluoroscent material

Incoherent Light emitted

Emission of data stored in
incoherent light.

Incoherent light passes through

adjacent data layers without
getting distorted.

Filtration of emitted light before it reaches the drive's detector

Only the data carrying fluorescent light passes after filtration

The fluoroscent is caught up by the photo reciever.

 FMD RECORDING
•Technology used: WORM (Write OnceRead Many)

•Two rules to be followed while recording :

1. The write laser should able to turn the
fluorescence on or off.
2. Threshold power of laser for recording
& less power forreading.
 RECORDING TECHINQUES
• Thermal :

 Usage of  materials that possesses fluorescent

properties from beginning.

When recording the segments, which are thermally

acted upon with laser, the fluorescent properties are
lost.
•Chemical :

 Usage of   a material that doesn't possess

fluorescent properties form the beginning.

When acting upon with a laser a photochemical

reaction starts,and the material gets fluorescent
properties

A low power laser is enough, or even a usual LED

for reading data.
 TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE 

Two types of technological processfor FMD

manufacture.
1. Hot Stamping
2. Photo – polymerisation
(2p) process

Hot Stamping

•Pressing of polycarbon sheets with

two stamps at high temperature.

•Formation of a layer with two information sides.

• Filling pits with fluorescent material.
• Pressing of informational layers when material gets hard

Photo Polymerization

•For production of  multiple disc by stacking of  discs one

after other.
•Manufacture of  thin plastic film for informational layer.
•Plastic film is of 25-30 micron width.
•Film is stamped & then installed on external surface of a nickel
matrix that carry negative copy of produced information layer.
•Pits are filled with fluoroscent material and finally covered with
protective layer.
 ADVANTAGES OF FMD
Increased disc capacity
Quick parallel access and retrieval of information
Media tolerances & Usage flexibility
Optically transparent and homogeneous multilayer system
Emission of incoherent light eliminates interference.
Compatible with present CD/DVD formats & ability to
withstand more extreme conditions.
Unique dye chemistry of FMD offers an extraordinary
amount of security.
Cost of production of FMD discs is relatively cheap.
COMPARISON OF CD,DVD,FMD
Parameter CD DVD FMD
Disc diameter, mm 120 120 130

Capacity, GBytes 0.64 4.7 50.8

Number of layers 1 2 12

Distance between - 40 25
layers, micron
Total width of 0.11 2 275
informational layers,
Distance between 1.6 0.74 0.8
tracks, micron
Optical system: 780 635 - 650 532
Wavelength, nm
 APPLICATIONS
• Storage of a very high detailed
archive of maps.
• Ability to store a large amount
of  files  in uncompressed format.
•Ability to store the whole of  a
series of  TV programme (eg, 20
episodes,each an hour long).
•Digital cinema, HDTV players.
•Internet content streaming and
data backup storage.
 CONCLUSION
•The FMD Digital Cinema disc has  the potential
to provide a secure,  removable, single
disc distribution method.
•The FMD can provide us with a staggering 140 GB
of storage space seems to be an enticing solution for
thes torage - hungry masses.
•Man’s need for additional storage space is increasing 
 REFERENCES
•www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki.

•www.ixbtlabs.com/articles .

•www.seminartopic.org.

•www.ebook-search-engine.com/fluroscent-
multilayer-disc
THANKYOU...