LED 3120B

PowerPoint Presentation

Presented by:
LEUNG Suk Yee
LEUNG Wing Yan
HUI Hon Yin
Target Audience : F.2 Students

Prerequisite knowledge :
learnt about the distance between two points
on the same horizontal line or on the same
vertical line in a rectangle coordinate plane.

The use of slides : source of learning

LEUNG SUK YEE :
Data Collection & Slide Production
LEUNG WING YAN :
Data Collection & Slide Production
HUI Hon Yin:
Slide Production & Layout Design
Hi, I am Joey. I am your guide
in this presentation. Let
explore the knowledge by click
the below button.

GO!
1) Distance between any TWO points

2) Slope of a STRAIGHT line

3) PARALLEL lines

4) PERPENDICULAR lines

5) MC Questions
1.1 Distance between two points on the
same horizontal line
y
The Distance of AB:
AB = 4-1
= 3 units
A(1,1) B(4,1)

0 x
1.2 Distance between two points on the
same vertical line
y
C(1,5)
Distance of AC:
AC = 5-1
= 4 units
A(1,1)
0 x
1.3 Distance between any two points
y
C(1,5)

B(4,1)

0 x

Then, do you know the

distance between these
two points ?
 y
C(1,5)

i) Draw a vertical line from A

through C
B(4,1)

A(1,1)
0 x

ii) Draw a horizontal line from

A through B

iii) Since ABC is right-angled

triangle, do you remember that
we can use the Pythagoras’
theorem to calculate the
hypotenuse BC?
 y
C(1,5)

By the Pythagoras’
theorem,we have
B(4,1)
BC 2 =AB 2 +AC 2
A(1,1)
0 x
=3 2 +4 2
=9 +16
=25
∴BC =5

Why???
1.4 Distance Formula
y
C(x2,y1)
From the figure, we have
AB = x1 - x 2 and AC = y1 – y2
By Pythagoras’ theorem, we
A(x2,y2) B(x1,y2) have
0 x
BC2 = AB2 + AC2
= (x1- x2 ) 2 + (y1 – y2 ) 2

BC  (x1 - x 2 ) 2
 (y1 - y 2 ) 2
 y
C(1,5) BC2 = (x1 - x2 ) 2 + (y1 - y2 ) 2
= (4-1) 2 + (2-6) 2
= 3 2 + (-4) 2

B(4,1) = 25
0 x
∴ BC=5
Example 1
y Find the perimeter of ABC correct to 1
decimal place.
C(-1,4)

Solution :
Time Remain
AB2 =(-2 -2) 2 + 0-(-1) 2 =17
BC 2=2-(-1) 2 + (-1- 4) 2 =34
34125 sec
x AC2 = -2 - (-1) 2 + (0-4) 2 =17
A(-2,0)
B(2,-1) Perimeter of ABC
=AB + BC +AC
= 17  34  17
=14.1(correct to 1d.p.)
2.1 Definition of Slope

A C
Lines AB and CD represent two steep roads. Which
road is steeper?
Obviously road CD is steeper
than road AB.

But, can you tell the steepness of the roads?

 A(x , y ) and B (x , y ) are two points
We can determine in on a straight line.
this way
Difference in y- coordinates
=y1-y2
Difference in corresponding x-
coordinates
(x 1 , y 1)
=x1-x2
Hence, Slope of a line =
Difference in y- y1-y2 / x1-x2
coordinates
(x 2 ,y 2)

Difference in x-
(x 1 , y 2)
coordinates
Example 2
Find the slope of the lines PQ & PR

Answer:
Slope of PQ
= 3-9 / 2-12
Time Remain
= -6 / -10
.
R (7,9)
= 3/5
.
Q (12,9)
2
5 sec
4
3
1
Slope of PR
= 3-9 / 2-7 .
P(2,3)

= -6 / -5
= 6/5
Example 3
Find the slope of the lines XY & XZ

Answer:

. Y (4,10)
Slope of XY
Time Remain
= 1-10 / 10-4
= -9 / 6
21345 sec
= -3 / 2
.
Z(2,7)
X (10,1)
Slope of XZ
= 1-7 / 10-2
= -6 / 8
= -3 / 4
2.2 The Characteristics of slope

From the above two example, we can

conclude that:

(1) when a straight line rises Line with

from left to right, the slope o positive slope
f the line is a positive .

(2) when a straight line falls from

Line with
left to right, the slope of the line is
negative slope
negative.
Slopes of Parallel Lines

There is a pair of parallel lines.

What’s the different between there slope?
 Slope of CD

= 1-2.5 / -1- 2

= (-3 / 2) / -3

=1/2 B(5,3)
D(2,2.5)

Slope of AB

C(-1,1) A(1,1) = 1-3 / 1-5

= -2 / -4

=1 / 5

So, Slope of AB = Slope of CD =1 / 2

In general,
If two lines are parallel,
then their slopes are equal.

Conversely,
If two lines have same slope,
then they are parallel.
Example 4 Show that two straight lines AB and CD are
parallel.
B(4,3)

Answer:
Slope of AB = (-1-3)/3-4
Time Remain = -4 D(-3/2,0)
/-1 = 4
2
5 sec
4
3
1
Slope of CD = (-2-0)/-2-(-3/
A(3, -1)
2)
C(-2,-2)
= -2
/(-1/2)
Since slope of AB = slope of CD,
so AB and CD are parallel lines.
= 4
Slopes of Perpendicular Lines

D(1,6)

B(6,5)

A(0,1)
C(5,0)

There is a pair of perpendicular lines.

What’s the relationship between there slope?
 Slope of CD

= 6-0 / 1-5

= 6 / -4
D(1,6)
= -3/2
B(6,5)
Slope of AB

= 5-1 / 6-0
A(0,1)
C(5,0)
=4/6

= 2/3

Slope of AB x Slope of CD

= 2/3 x (-3/2)

=-1
In general,
If two lines are perpendicular,
then the product of their slopes
are equal to -1.

Conversely,
If the product of their slopes are equal to
-1,then they are perpendicular.
Example 5 Show that two straight lines AB and CD are
perpendicular.

Answer:
C(-6,4)

Slope of AB = (3-0)/0-(-2)
A(0,3)

Time =Remain
3/2
D(0,0) Slope of CD = (4-0)/(-6)-0
12435=sec
B(-2,0)

-4/6
= -2/3
∵ Slope of AB x slope of CD
=3/2 x (-2/3)
=-1
∴ AB and CD are perpendicular.
1. Find the perimeter of a square if X(- 3,8)
and Y(2,-4) are two adjacent vertices of the
square.

A. 13

B. 52

C. 169
2. In the figure, which line has the gre
atest slope?
A. L1
y
L2 L3

B. L2
L1

x
C. L3
3. In the figure, AB is parallel to CD.
What is the value of n?
y
A. -2
. B
D
.
(2,5)
(4,3)
B. -1
. (1,0)
x

C. 8
A
C
. (3,n)
4. Given two points M(2,0) and N(5,1). I
f P(3,b) is a point such that MP=MN, fin
d b..

A. 3 only

B. 2 or -2

C. 3 or -3
5. In the figure, AB is perpendicular t
o CD. (a,b) and (-1,-2) are two points
on CD. If the slope of AB is –1/2, exp
ress a in terms of b.
y D
A. a=b/2 . (a,b)
A

B. a=-b/2
x

C. a=2b+3 . (-1,-2)
B

C
 END
Produced by
Leung Suk Yee 997368
62
Leung Wing Yan 99688683
Hui Hon Yin 99530432
RIGHT
Let‘ s try another question by click
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Let‘ s try another question by click
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Let‘ s try another question by click
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RIGHT
Well done, You have finish all the
question!
 Wrong
13 is only the length of one side of the
square, not the perimeter of the square.

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
 Wrong
169 is the area of the square, not the
perimeter of the square

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
 Wrong
L1 is parallel to the x-axis, there is no
difference in y-coordinates, therefore slope
of L1 is
Slope of L1 = 0/x1-x2= 0

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
 Wrong
L2 falls from left to right, the slope must
be negative.

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
 Wrong
You may have some problems in using the
slope formula.
Slope formula = y1-y2 / x1-x2
Are you sure that you have put x1 ,x2 ,y1 and y2
in the right place of the formula ?
Don’t give up!
Let’s try it again.
 Wrong
In fact, 9 can be the square of both 3 and -3.

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
Wrong
The situation is MP =MN ,
not MP = PN.

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
Wrong
You may make some mistakes in the process
of calculation. Please be more careful.

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.
 Wrong
The slope formula is y1-y2 / x1-x2 , not x1-x2 /
y1-y2

Don’t give up!

Let’s try it again.