Personal Leadership

Training Plan: Skills

and Experience
Student: Tran Hoang Khanh
Columbia Southern University
Current Issues in Leadership
Professor: Bari Courts
June 2021
 Hersey-Blanchard Situational
Leadership Model

• Task behavior: organizing members,

task delegation…
• Relationship behavior:
communication, relation, emotion…

(Hersey & Blanchard, 1988)

 Hersey-Blanchard Situational
Leadership Model

• R1 - the unable and insecure group.

• R2 - the unable but confident employees.
• R3 - the capable but unwilling group.
• R4 - the very capable group.

(Hersey & Blanchard, 1988)

 Hersey-Blanchard Situational
Leadership Model

• R1 – Leadership style: high task behavior – low

relationship behavior.
• R2 – Leadership style: high task behavior – high
relationship behavior.
• R3 - Leadership style: low task behavior – high
relationship behavior.
• R4 - Leadership style: low task behavior – low
relationship behavior.

(Hersey & Blanchard, 1988)

Vroom-Yetton
Normative
Decision Model

•Decision quality 
•Team commitment 
•Time constraints 
The Vroom-Yetton Decision Tree (Vroom & Yetton,
1973).
Vroom-Yetton
Normative
Decision Model

• Autocratic (A1) and (A2):

variants of autocratic
decision making.
• Consultative (C1) and (C2):
variants of consultative
decision making.
• Collaborative (G2): group
decision making.
The Vroom-Yetton Decision Tree (Vroom & Yetton,
1973).
 The SLM Vs. the normative decision model

Situational Leadership Model Normative Decision Model

Decisions are considered by leaders and Decisions are made by leaders.
members.

Decisions are depended on all team members’ Decisions may not be influenced by other
opinions. parties.

Leadership style applied by the leader is highly behaviors of the members do not influence
dependent on the behaviors of the members. the leadership style

The expression and relationship of the The expression and relationship of the
members determine which leadership style. members do not pertain to leadership style.
 Skills have already been obtained

TRUSTWORTHY CREATIVE RESPONSIBLE

 Skills have already been obtained

COMMUNICATION MOTIVATIONAL FEEDBACK SKILLS POSITIVE

SKILLS TECHNIQUES ATTITUDES
 Knowing the realistic situation of the
team.

Skills
need to
Controlling emotion, understanding
about the human being.

be Persuasion skills.

improved Problem-solving skills and coaching

skills.
 Cross-cultural experience
The
experiences Spotting a problem at work and
strengthen finding a solution
the Training/mentoring newer team
leadership members
character Leading a meeting or committee
 Experience with organizational change

1 2 3 4 5
Do not get tied to Fully explain the Do not let legacy Go above and Remember that big
an arbitrary "why" to the whole systems make all beyond for changes will affect
implementation company the decisions for impacted morale far longer
date you employees than most think
 Evaluation in the leadership
styles.
Evaluation of
experience
with Evaluation in the application.

organizational
change.
Evaluation standardization
capability area.
 Kotter’s 8-
Step Process

(Periyasamy, 2020).
 Reference

Andrews, J., Cameron, H., Harris, M. (2008, May). All change? Managers' experience of organizational change in theory and

practice. Journal of Organizational Change Management. 21(3), 300-314. DOI: 10.1108/09534810810874796

Brown, F. W., & Finstuen, K. (1993). The Use of Participation in Decision Making: A Consideration of the Vroom-Yetton and Vroom-

Jago Normative Models. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 6(3), 207–219.

Hersey, P. and Blanchard, K.H. (1988). Management of Organizational Behaviour. 5th Edition. Englewood Cliffs.

Jago, A. G., & Vroom, V. H. (1980). An Evaluation of Two Alternatives to the Vroom/Yetton Normative Model. Academy of

Management Journal, 23(2), 347–355.

Miller, R. (1983). Your Leadership Style: A Management Development Module for Educational Leaders. Research for Better Schools.

Periyasamy, R. (2020). Kotter's 8-Step Model - A Beginner's Guide To Change Management. Apty.

https://www.apty.io/blog/kotters-8-step-model

Vroom, V. H., & Yetton, P. W. (1973). Leadership and decision making. University of Pittsburgh Press.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/37708348_Leadership_and_Decision-Making/link/0046351b8d43cf238f000000

/download

West, R. C., & Noel, D. (2013). Situational Discipleship: The five-fold ministry roles of Ephesians 4:11 and their relationship to the