What is an Adverbs (Kata Keterangan)

A word or phrase that modifies or qualifies

an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word
group, expressing a relation of place, time,
circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc.
(e.g., gently, quite, then, there ).

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 Adverbs ending in –ly
Adverbs ending in -ly are usually adverbs of manner (slowly)
and degree (completely, fairly).
• Adverbs formed from adjectives ending in -l have double l:
• beautiful → beautifully, careful → carefully, hopeful → hopefully,
• historical → historically
• Adverbs formed from adjectives ending in -y change the y to i:
• easy → easily, busy → busily, lucky → luckily, angry → angrily
• Adverbs ending in a consonant +e keep the e:
• definite → definitely, fortunate → fortunately, extreme → extremely,
absolute → absolutely
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 Adverbs ending in -ward(s) or -wise
There is a small group of adverbs which end in -ward(s) or -wise. The -ward(s)
words can end in either -ward or -wards (inward, inwards).

• -wards: inwards, eastwards, upwards, downwards

• -wise: clockwise, lengthwise, likewise
• Adverbs with the same form as adjectives
• Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives. The
most common are: fast (not fastly), left, hard, outside,
right, straight, late, well, and time words such as daily,
weekly, monthly, yearly.

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 Compare adjectives vs adverbs
Adjectives Adverbs

• This coconut is really hard. You’ll
need a hammer to break it up
• She drives a fast car
• An outside light would be a
really good idea for our house
• I get a monthly pay cheque
• You have to bang the door hard
to shut it.
• They can swim quite fast now
actually.
• When I went outside, the light
came on automatically.
• My company pays me monthly.

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 Warning!

• Don’t confuse adjectives and adverbs. Adjectives modify nouns or

are used after verbs such as be, become, seem, look, smell, taste
• She walks very elegantly. (adverb of manner,
describing how she walks)
• He wore an elegant suit and a silk tie. (adjective
describing the suit)
• She looks very elegant in that long skirt. (adjective
after look)

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 What is an Adjectives?
An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun. It "describes" or
"modifies" a noun (The big dog was hungry). In these examples, the adjective is
in bold and the noun that it modifies is in italics.
An adjective often comes BEFORE a noun:
• a green car; a dark sky; an interesting story
Sometimes an adjective comes AFTER a verb:
• My car is green; The sky became dark.; His story seemed interesting.
Adjectives can also modify pronouns
• They were empty
• I thought it seemed strange
• Those are not expensive
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 What is a Verbs
A word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and
forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence, such as
hear, become, happen.
• Types of Verbs
• Main verbs (an action)
• Helping verbs
• Linking verbs
• Transitive verbs
• Intransitive verbs

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 Main Verbs or Action Verbs
Main verbs or action verbs are used to express action; something that an
animal, a person or a thing does. In each of the following sentences, we only
have a main verb.
• The sun shines.
• The horse neighs.
• The monkey jumps
Helping Verbs
As the name suggests, helping verbs help or support the main verb.
• We are learning about helping verbs. (are: helping verb; learning: main verb)
• We are in the Green House Club. (are: helping verb)
• You should complete the work by tomorrow. (should: helping verb;
complete: main verb)
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 State of Being Verbs (Linking Verbs)
State of Being verbs state that something ‘is’. State of being verbs also
known as linking verbs. Linking verbs explain a link between the subject
of the sentence and a noun or adjective being linked to it.
• The flowers are bright.
• Diamond is the hardest substance
• I feel scared.
Understanding Verbs
The words: am, is, are, was, and were, belong to the verb “to be”. We
use ‘am’ or ‘was’ with the pronoun ‘I’. We use ‘is’ or ‘was’ when the
subject of the sentence is singular. We use ‘are’ or ‘were’ when the
subject of the sentence is plural.

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