Let’s have a

review
WORK, POWER
AND ENERGY
Chapter 2
 How do you define
work?
Can you give an example of
work?
 How do you define
Power?
Can you give an example of
power?
 How do you define
Energy?
Can you give an example of
energy?
■ In this chapter presents clear distinctions among
the meaning of the aforementioned terms as used
in everyday language and in science

■ It also discusses how work and power are

measured by providing different sample
problems.
■ This chapter also explains the types of energy
present in nonmoving and moving objects or
bodies.
 WORK
IS A WORD THAT IS COMMONLY HEARD AND USED EVERYDAY.

However in Science, work is the product of a

force applied on an object and the parallel
distance of the movement due to the force.

If a force is applied on an object but there is no

motion, no matter how strong the force exerted
is, it is assumed that no work has been done.
Computation for
WORK

W Fd
W Fd
work force displacement
Where unit force = kg m/s2 OR N
Unit of displacement = m
Where unit force = kg m/s2 OR N
X
Unit of displacement = m
=
NM or

Unit for work = JOULES

 Sample Problem
Suppose you are pushing a chair with a
500 Newton force along a 7 meter aisle.
How much work is done in pushing the
chair from one end of the aisle to the
other?
W=Fd
W= 500 N ( 7m)
W= 3,500 Nm
W= 3,500 J
 Sample Problem
A man pushes a filing cabinet to a
distance of 5 m to the right by exerting a
horizontal force of 60 N. How much
work does he do on the cabinet
throughout the entire motion?
W=Fd
W= 60N ( 5 m)
W= 300 Nm
W= 300 J
 POWER
Also a mechanical power, the measure of the rate at which work is done

Power is also defined as the ability to

finish work within the shortest
possible time
Computation for
Power

P W/t
 P W/t
Power work time
Power
W= PT
P=W/T
w
T=W/P
P T
 P W/t
• Work is joules (J) Joules per
• Time is Second second or wa
(S) ( W)
James Watt
invented the
steam engine
in 1769
 Sample Problem
A set of pulleys is used to lift a piano
weighing a 1,000 newtons 3 meter in 30
seconds. How much power is used?

P= W/T
P=3000 J/ 30 s
P=1,000 Js
P= 1,000 W
 Sample Problem
A set of pulleys is used to lift a piano
weighing a 1,000 newtons 3 meter in 30
seconds. How much work is done?

W= FD
W= (1000 N)( 3 m)
W= 3000 Nm
W= 3000 J
 ENERGY
is the ability to do work

It can be Kinetic or Potential energy

Potential Energy
vs.
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
■Is stored energy in an object due to
the object’s displacement from an
equilibrium position.
Kinetic Energy

Is the known as energy in motion

 Formula for Kinetic Energy

KE= ½ mv 2

KE – Kinetic Energy
m- mass
v- velocity
Kinetic Energy = J
m- mass = kg
v- velocity = m/s 2
What is the kinetic energy of a 0.3kg ball
thrown with a velocity of 5 m/s?
Given: Solution:
m= 0.3 kg KE=1/2 mv2
v= 5m/s KE= ½ (0.3 Kg) (5m/s) 2
Find: KE
KE=1/2 (7.5kg m/s2)
KE=3.75 J
Formula for Potential Energy

PE= mgh
PE – Potential Energy
m- mass
g – gravitational force
H- height
 PE= mgh
PE – Potential Energy = J
m- mass = kilogram (kg)
g –gravitational force=(9.8 m/s 2)

H- height=d=h ( meter / m)
A grade 8 student carried his biology project with a mass of 3kg
from the ground floor to the third floor of the school building. The
vertical distance from the ground floor to the third floor is 10 m .
Compute the gravitational potential energy of the project with
respect to the ground.
Solution:
Given: PE=mgh
m= 3 kg PE= (3kg) (9.8m/s2 ) (10m)
d=h=10m
G= 9.8 m/s2 PE= 294 kg m/s2
Find: PE
KE=294 J