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Level 1 Physics
Objectives and Essential
Questions
Objectives Essential Questions
Distinguish between basic What is a vector quantity? What
trigonometric functions (SOH is a scalar quantity? Give
CAH TOA) examples of each.
Distinguish between vector and
scalar quantities
Add vectors using graphical and
analytical methods
SCALAR
A SCALAR quantity Scalar
is any quantity in Example Magnitude
physics that has
Speed 35 m/s
MAGNITUDE ONLY
Distance 25 meters
Number value
with units Age 16 years
VECTOR
A VECTOR quantity Vector Magnitude and
is any quantity in Example Direction
physics that has Velocity 35 m/s, North
BOTH MAGNITUDE
and DIRECTION
Acceleration 10 m/s2, South
Force 20 N, East
r r r r
x
, v , a, F An arrow above the symbol
illustrates a vector quantity.
It indicates MAGNITUDE and
DIRECTION
VECTOR APPLICATION
ADDITION: When two (2) vectors point in the SAME direction, simply
add them together.
46.5 m, E + 20 m, E
46.5 m, E
-
20 m, W
26.5 m, E
NON-COLLINEAR VECTORS
When two (2) vectors are PERPENDICULAR to each other, you must
use the PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM
FINISH
Example: A man travels 120 km east FINISH
then 160 km north. Calculate his the hypotenuse is
called the RESULTANT
resultant displacement.
c a b c a b
2 2 2 2 2 160 km, N
VERTICAL
COMPONENT
c 120 160
2 2
HORIZONTAL COMPONENT
WHAT ABOUT DIRECTION?
In the example, DISPLACEMENT asked for and since it is a VECTOR quantity,
we need to report its direction.
W of N E of N
N of E
N of W
N of E
W E
S of W S of E
NOTE: When drawing a right triangle that
conveys some type of motion, you MUST draw
W of S E of S
your components HEAD TO TOE.
S
NEED A VALUE – ANGLE!
Just putting N of E is not good enough (how far north of east ?).
We need to find a numeric value for the direction.
So the COMPLETE final answer is : 200 km, 53.1 degrees North of East
What are your missing
components?
Suppose a person walked 65 m, 25 degrees East of North. What were
his horizontal and vertical components?
The goal: ALWAYS MAKE A RIGHT
H.C. = ?
TRIANGLE!
23 m, E
- =
12 m, W
- =
14 m, N
6 m, S
20 m, N
R 14 2 232 26.93m
14
35 m, E R 14 m, N Tan .6087
23
Tan 1 (0.6087) 31.3
23 m, E
The Final Answer: 26.93 m, 31.3 degrees NORTH or EAST
Example
A boat moves with a velocity of 15 m/s, N in a river which flows
with a velocity of 8.0 m/s, west. Calculate the boat's resultant
velocity with respect to due north.
Rv 82 152 17 m / s
8.0 m/s, W
8
15 m/s, N
Tan 0.5333
Rv 15
Tan 1 (0.5333) 28.1