OPERATION OF

REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
PRESENTED BY GROUP 3
MEMBERS:
PAGUIA, KENT
DOCTOR, JAY
BERNALES, GAIN
ESTOJERO, JOVEN
SARONA, JENRICK
MAKILAN, GABRIEL
COLAWAY, AGIM
REFRIGERATION
• Refrigeration is a process of cooling or remove heat to lower
the temperature of a space, or items to be stored in the space,
to a temperature below the temperature of the surrounding
area. This is accomplished by using a mechanical refrigeration
process in which a refrigerant is used to alternately absorb
heat from the space or object to be cooled and reject the heat
to atmosphere or seawater.
VAPOUR COMPRESSION
CYCLE
• The basic components of any refrigeration
system working on the vapour
compression cycle, are the compressor,
condenser, expansion valve, evaporator
and the refrigerant fluid which is
alternatively vapourized and liquefied
during the refrigeration cycle. The
temperature at which a fluid boils or
condenses is known as the saturation
temperature and it varies with pressure.
• The compressor in a refrigeration system
in raising the pressure of the vapourized
refrigerant causes its saturation
temperature to rise so hat it is higher
than that of, the surrounding air or
cooling seawater, whatever used in the
condenser. The compressor also promotes
circulation of the refrigerant by pumping
it around the system.
• In the condenser the refrigerant is liquefied by being sub cooled to below the
saturation temperature relating to the compressor delivery pressure, by
circulating seawater (or air for domestic refrigerators). Latent heat, originally
from the evaporator, is thus transferred to the cooling medium. The liquid
refrigerant, still at the pressure produced by the compressor, passes to the
receiver and then to the expansion valve.
•
The expansion valve is the regulator through which the refrigerant flows from
the high pressure side of the system to he low pressure side. Its throttling
effect dictates the compressor delivery pressure which must be sufficient to
give the refrigerant a saturation temperature which is higher than the
temperature of the cooling medium.
• The pressure drop through the regulator causes the saturation temperature of
the refrigerant to fall, so that it will boil at the low temperature of the
evaporator. In fact, as the liquid passes through the expansion valve the
pressure drop makes its saturation temperature fall below its actual
temperature. Some of the liquid boils off at the expansion valve, taking latent
heat from the remainder and causing its temperature to drop.
• The expansion valve throttles the liquid refrigerant and
maintains the pressure difference between the condenser and
evaporator, while supplying refrigerant to the evaporator at the
correct rate. It is thermostatically controlled in most of the
systems.
• The refrigerant entering the evaporator coil, at a temperature
lower than that of the surrounding secondary coolant (air or
brine) receives latent heat and evaporates. Later the heat is
given up in he condenser, when the refrigerant is again
compressed and liquefied.
• For a small refrigerator the evaporator cools without forced
circulation of a secondary coolant. In larger installations, the
evaporator cools air or brine which are circulated as secondary
refrigerants.