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CONTEMPORARY ARTS

MUSIC &
DANCE
 AGENDA
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Topics to be presented

01 What is Music? 04 What is Dance?

02 Elements of Music 05 Elements of Dance

03 Forms and Types of Philippine Music 06 Forms and Types of Dance in the Philippines
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WHAT IS
MUSIC?
Music
is considered to be the least
tangible of the arts.
It is defined as an arrangement
of sounds to create a
continuous and unified
composition.

Elements of Melody
This refers to a succession of consecutive
notes or tones changing in pitch and
Music duration. It is also considered to carry the
overall theme of music. Melody is
inseparable from rhythm.
Rhythm
This has something to do with the pattern
in time. Tempo describes how fast or
slow the music is.
3 Qualities:
1. Tempo
2. Meter, and
3. Rhythmic pattern
Harmony
This may refers to combination of different
tones or pitches played or sung together.
These notes played or sung together at the
same time is called chord. Harmony may
also involve playing chords successively.
Texture 04
This element refers to the relationship of
melodic and harmonic lines in music.
Music is considered to have a thicker
texture if it has more melodic lines.
Dynamics
This refers to the degree of softness and
loudness of the music. This may also
include the way of changing from soft to
loud or vice –versa.
Timbre
Also known as tone color, this refers to the
quality of sound generated by an instrument
or by a voice
Form
This element refers to how the other
elements of music are organized. Music
can described if there are repeating section
or melodies, if there is contrast among
musical instruments and rhythm, or if there
is variation of the musical composition.
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Forms and Types

of Philippine Music
Ethnic Traditional Music
Philippine music in ethnic traditional is described to be music
that has similar elements with music from our Southeast Asian
neighbours. This kind of music can still be heard in Northern
Luzon, Mindanao, Palawan, and Sulu, where about 10% of the
Filipino population had avoided Spanish influence.

European- Influenced religious and

Secular Music
such as art song, habanera/danza, litugucal music, kumintang,
and pasyon chant

American inspired popular, Classical, and

semi-classical music
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Ethnic Traditional
Music
Chant
This refers to a song with an unaccompanied melody
Ballad
and variable rhythm. This usually found in epic
A ballad refers to a song that explains an event songs.
occurring in a community. Some of these ballads
include the idangdang from Bukidnon and the
liyangkit parang sabil of the Tausug. Some ballads
were influenced by the Spaniards, such as the compo
Song Debate
and “Pampanga’s” Ing Bangkeru” Nowadays, the The song debate is a song involving male and female
term “Ballad” is loosely described as a popular singers who try to outsmart each other about a certain
romantic song in the urban areas. topic. Themes usually include love, courtship, and
marriage.
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European-
Influenced
Religious and Secular Music

Art Song Habanera/Danza

An art song is a composition characterized by merging the voice
part, lyrics, and the accompaniment together “to achieve an
artistic musical whole.”
Kundiman
which is considered as the signature love song of the
Philippines, is an example of an art song. It is written in triple
time, and played starting in the minor key.
This refers to a social dance duple time. Originally from Cuba,
this is usually performed on a stage or in a ballroom. Habanera
is influential as its tempo is used in some contemporary
compositions like Nicanor Abelardo’s “Ikaw Rin!” and Antonio
Molina’s”hatinggabi”.
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European-
Influenced Litugical Music Pasyon Chant
Refers to vocal and instrumental Refers to various styles used
Religious and compositions that go together with
the official rites of Christian
throughout the country for the singing
of the pasyon.

Secular churches.

Music Kumintang
Originally documented as a war
song, the Kumintang is a dance of
love accompanied by guitar and
bajo de uÑas(String bass).
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What is
Dance?
Dance
Dance is an art form involving a series of
rhythmic human movements that are
purposefully selected.

Dance involves a mindful effort to combine

movements spatially, dynamically, rhythmically,
and artfully in order for these movements to
flow together
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Elements of
Dance
Relationship
This element has a lot of
aspects. Relationship may
mean how a dancer relates to
another dancer, how he or
she relates to an object, or
how he or she relates to the
group of dancers.

Body Element Space Time Energy It could also mean how a

this describes how the body of a This focuses on the area where Terms such as accent, This element describes how person relates to the stage
dancer moves, what part of that the dance is performed. Terms beat, duration, meter, energy is directed through and to production elements.
body is moving, what actions such as direction, size focus, rhythm, and acceleration the body, and how the body In short, relationship
are performed, and how the distance, level, and elevation can can be used in describing releases it. In some involves the awareness of
body aligns and supports itself. be used in describing the use of time. references, this is referred dancers on their
environment.
space in dance. to as dynamics.
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Forms and Folk Dances
These refer to the dances that are
Daces
A courtship dance is a ceremonial dance

Types of developed and performed together by

ordinary people. Folk dances include
which involves the male pursuing the
female. The courtship dance is typically
ceremonial, combative, courtship, performed during special occasions.

Dance in the exorcism, funeral, game, torture, comic,

and religious dances.
Examples of courtship dances are
kumintang and kuratsa.

Philippines Game Dances Wedding dances, on the other hand, are

During the contemporary period,
folk dance companies continue to
perform Filipino adaptations of
dances from Europe and the United
States.
these folk dances are usually acted for fun
but have a set of rules and structure.
Usually done in informal social gatherings,
these dances are also played to test the
skills of the dancers.
Martial Dance
this type of folk dance is combative in
nature and is used to enact a battle. Martial
dances may exhibit unarmed execution, or
confrontation using arms or weapons. The
langka of Samal is a good example of
martial dance.
performed by newlyweds. This
performance aims to celebrate
relationships that have been newly-
formed by the couple, their families and
relatives. Examples of wedding dances
are mascot in Cagayan and Isabela, and
pantomina in Bicol.
Mimetic Dance
these are dances that aim to imitate actual
or real life movements. Mimetic dances
may be categorized into animal dances and
occupational dances. The latter portrays
everyday activities in the community.
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Folk Dances
Ritual Dancing
this involves dancing to spiritual beings and gods. The shaman,
who usually directs the dance, and the supplicants perform the
dance to ask for blessings, good health, or victory in war. They
may also perform ritual dancing as a form of gratitude to the gods
for blessings received or prayers answered.

Social Dancing
Social dancing is primarily performed to celebrate important
milestones in life, and to mark harvests. This is also performed
among Christians as a way of commemorating the feasts of
patron saints or visit of personages. Examples of social dancing
are balse, escotis, habanera, jota, lanceros, polka, rigodon de
honor, and subli.

Song Dance
this refers to a dance performed to a song, which typically
describes history and traditions of a community. This dance
involves acting out the meaning of the song using gestures and
movements. Balitaws and lunsay are examples of song dance.
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Ballet
Ballet is a theatrical dance presentation in which a plot is integrated with dancing, music, and stage
designs. It is also defined as the style and technique of dancing strictly based on a theatrical dance school.
Ballet is further classified into modern ballet, opera ballet, and folkloric ballet.

Modern Ballet Opera Ballet Folkloric Ballet

utilizes the technique and style of classical ballet in portraying
contemporary content. Techniques in modern dance may be
adapted in modern ballet such as bound and rebound, and
contradiction and release. Modern ballet may also use natural
movement.
on the other hand, is defined as dance
within the context of an opera. Rock opera
ballet, which began in the 1970s, is an
offshoot of the opera ballet.
is a type of ballet that involves stylizing
and editing stories, motifs, and styles
found in the culture of ordinary people,
and adapting these materials to
contemporary theater.
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Modern Dance
This refers to a dance form that emerged during the 20th century.

This dance form is still considered theatrical but it verse away

from the technique and style of ballet.

Other Forms 15

Aerobic Dance Polynesian and Tahitian Dances

this is primarily dancing to the tune of popular music with the these dances began from the people living in the Polynesian chain, which is comprised of
purpose of increasing consumption of oxygen over a long seven major island groups in the southern part of the Pacific Ocean. These dances, such as
period of time. hula, were introduced in the Philippines during the late 1950s.

Bodabil Dancing
this form of dancing used to be popular during the American period. It Tap Dance
included popular dances from the United States, and Philippine folk dances. this is a dance which entails tapping with toes and heels to generate
Bodabil dancing, when combined with mime, singing of ballads, and rhythmic patterns.
acrobatics, offers a perception of life during those times in a satirical way.
However, popularity of this vaudeville act became confined in provincial
fiestas and in television and radio variety shows.

Jazz Dance
this dance form uses African dance techniques like isolation of individual human body
parts, rhythm, and polycentrism. Later, movements from other social dances were fused
into jazz. Nowadays, there are people who are into modern jazz, which is a mix of original
jazz dance and steps from dances during the second half of the 20th century.
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THANK
YOU!