Science 5 Lesson 4

Recognizing the Physical
Properties of Matter in the

Environment
Lesson Objectives:
1. Describe the different physical properties of
matter based on their characteristics
2. Identify examples of physical properties from
the different materials in the environment
Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

The Environemt
Opening Song & Prayer
Dear Lord and Father of all,
Thank you for today.
Thank you for ways in which you provide for us all. For
Your protection and love we thank you.
Help us to focus our hearts and minds now on what we
are about to learn.
Inspire us by Your Holy Spirit as we listen and write.
Guide us by your eternal light as we discover more
about the world around us.
We ask all this in the name of Jesus.
Amen.
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Greetings

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Lesson Proper
Activity: Investigating Matter Through Their
Properties
Problem: How can you recognize the physical
properties of matter in the environment?
Materials: sugar, salt, baking soda, pulverized
crackers, 1 tablet ascorbic acid (pulverized),
teaspoon of butter, clear glass, stirrer, paper, water

The Environemt
Procedure:
1. Get a clean sheet of paper and put the
samples of sugar (sucrose), salt (sodium chloride),
baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), teaspoon of
butter, pulverized crackers, and pulverized
ascorbic acid in each labeled part of the paper. All
the substances are harmless and can be
touched, smelled, and tasted. Record your
observations.

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Procedure:
2. Put a small amount of each substance into a
clear glass one at a time. Add an equal amount of
water and stir thoroughly. Observe. Are the
substances soluble or insoluble to water?
3. Record your observations in the data table on
the next slide.

The Environemt
Substance Color Odor Taste Texture Solubility
in Tap
Water
Granulated
sugar
Salt
Baking soda
Teaspoon of
butter
Pulverized
crackers
Pulverized
ascorbic
acid

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Analysis:
1. What are the physical properties recorded in the
table? Why are they called the physical
properties?
_________________________________
_________________________________
2. Why is it important to know the physical
properties of materials?
_________________________________
_________________________________
The Environemt
Physical Properties of Matter
Materials around you have their own properties
which help you identify and group them
according to their usage.
Everything that surrounds you is considered
matter.
Each state of matter (solid, liquid, gas) has a
definite property.

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Physical Property refers to the property of matter
that can be measured and observed without any
change in the composition or alteration in the
atomic structure of the molecules in a substance.
Example: A pitcher of water when poured into
several glasses does not have any change in
composition. The amount of water may be different,
but the physical composition is still the same.

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The physical properties can be classified as
extensive and intensive properties.
Extensive Properties depend on the amount of
matter present in a substance. Mass and
volume are examples of extensive properties.
Volume is the space occupied by matter. The
volume of liquids can be measured using the
graduated cylinder, beaker, and volumetric flask.

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The volume of a rectangular piece of solid can be
measured by its dimension-its length, width, and
thickness.
Volume= Length X Width X
Height
When you multiply the three
dimensions, you must also
multiply the units.
cm x cm x cm = cmᶟ
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Try this:
Calculate the volume of the suitcase given the
following dimensions:
L= 80 cm W= 50 cm and H= 20 cm
Write down your solution in the box.

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The volume of an irregular object can be
measured using the water displacement method.
In the first beaker, it shows
that the initial volume of
water is 10 ml. After
submerging a piece of
stone, the water becomes
30 ml. Can you predict the
volume of the stone?
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To get the volume of an irregular solid:
Final volume – Initial volume = Volume of
an Irregular Solid
30 ml – 10 ml = 20 ml
The volume of the

irregular solid (stone) is
20 ml.
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Mass is another extensive property.
It is the amount of matter in an object.
It can be measured using platform balance, triple
beam, and analytical balance.
The SI unit for mass is kilogram.
platform balance triple beam balance

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Mass versus Weight:
Weight is dependent on the measure of the pull
of gravity. You weigh less on the moon than on
Earth.
Mass is the amount of matter in a body, thus, it
does not change with the location even if the
force of gravity changes. If you travel to the
moon, the mass of your body does not change.

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Intensive properties do not depend on the amount
of matter present in the substance.
Color, texture, density, and other metallic and
nonmetallic properties are examples of intensive
properties.
Density refers to the ratio of mass to volume of a
substance.
Formula: Density = Mass/Volume
The following units are used to express density
such as: g/cmᶟ, g/ml, kg/L, or kg/mᶟ
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The density of substances varies. The density of
water is 1 gram per milliliter. The ability of an
object to float or sink has something to do with the
density of both the liquid and the object.
Try this:
Predict what will happen to a piece of
rubber stopper and to a piece of
corkwood when submerged into a glass
of water. Which of the two will sink and
which of the two will float? Why?
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Thermal conductivity happens when a material
transmits heat and electric current to another
object.
 Materials with high thermal conductivity are used
in cooking appliances because they conduct
heat quickly resulting in fast response and even
distribution of heat.
Such objects that can transmit heat quickly are
called conductors like silver, copper, gold,
aluminum, zinc and lead.
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Hardness – refers to the ability of some solid
materials to resist pressure that may lead to
deformity and changes in shape.
 Moh’s scale of mineral hardness is a scale
developed by a German geologist and
mineralogist Friedrich Moh in 1812 which
focuses on scratch resistance of various minerals
through the ability of a harder material to scratch
a softer material.
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The table below shows the comparisons of the
Moh’s scale of mineral hardness and other
hardness test.

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 Brittleness – the ability of the material to break
apart, shatter, or crumble easily.
 Brittle objects produce snapping sounds when
cracked or bent.
ceramics crystal glass

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 Elasticity is the ability of matter to be stretched,
squeezed, or folded and then return to its
original shape.
rubber bands garter

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 Ductility – a material (metal) that can be drawn
into fine wire
copper on electrical tungsten wire inside

wirings the bulb
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Malleability – the ability of the material to be
hammered and pounded into flat sheets.
Metals such as tin, copper and iron are all
malleable.
coins kitchen utensils

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 Solubility refers to the ability of a solid, liquid, or
gas to be dissolved in another substance.
Soluble substance like powdered juice has high
solubility.
Insoluble substances have low solubility, which
means they do not mix with other substances like
oil in water.
 Water is considered as the universal solvent.

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Application
Answer the following.
________________ 1. A tablespoon of sugar was
mixed to a glass of water. After a few seconds, the
sugar disappeared from the water. What property
of matter did the sugar exhibit?
________________ 2. When you pull the rubber
band on both ends, the rubber band stretches and
when you release it from your hand, it goes back to
its original shape. What property of matter does it
show?
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Application
________________ 3. Chalk easily breaks when you
bend it. This shows what property?
________________ 4. Diamond is the hardest solid.
What property of matter does it show?
________________ 5. Neil Armstrong walked on the
moon showing changes in the way he walked and
glided. It seemed that he was floating in the air due to
the moon’s gravity. Moon has less gravity than the
Earth. What property of matter has been changed due
to Armstrong’s location?
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Generalization
 Matter can be identified based on its physical
property.
 Physical property is a characteristic that can be
observed in an object without changing its
composition.
 Determining the physical properties of matter is
important. It helps you test two substances of the
same physical appearance because every
substance has a unique characteristic.
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Generalization
 Alcohol and water can be distinguished by their
odor, density and boiling point.
Physical properties of matter can be classified as
extensive and intensive properties.
 Mass and volume are examples of extensive
properties.
 Color, texture, density, and other metallic and
nonmetalic properties are examples of intensive
properties.
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Evaluation
I. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.
1. ______________ property refers to the property

of matter that can be measured and observed.
2. ______________ properties depend on the
amount of matter present in a substance.
3. ______________ properties do not depend on
the amount of matter present in the substance.

The Environemt
Evaluation
4. __________ is the amount of matter in an
object.
5. __________ is the space occupied by matter.
6. Such objects that can transmit heat quickly are
called ________________.
7. _____________ refers to the ability of some
solid materials to resist pressure.
8. _____________ is the ability of the material to
break apart, shatter, or crumble easily.
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Evaluation
9. The ability of the material to be hammered and
pounded into flat sheets is called
_________________________.
10. The ability of the powdered orange juice to be
dissolved in water is called
_________________________.

The Environemt
Assignment
Read and answer.
1. In a rectangular piece of metal measures 6 cm
long, 4 cm wide, and 2 cm thick. What is its
volume?
Write your answer in here.

The Environemt

Science 5 Lesson 4

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Recognizing the Physical

Properties of Matter in the

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

The volume of the

platform balance triple beam balance

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

ceramics crystal glass

rubber bands garter

copper on electrical tungsten wire inside

coins kitchen utensils

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

1. ______________ property refers to the property

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

Science 5 – Recognizing The Physical Properties Of Matter In

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