Những lưu ý về thì

HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

I. Những động từ không dùng ở HTTD

• Consist of = be composed of

- A football team has 11 players.

 A football team consists of 11 players.

A football team is composed of 11 players.
There are 11 players in a football team.
• Owe sb st: Nợ ai cái gì

- How much do you owe him?

- I owe him nothing.

• Owe to sb st: Chịu ơn ai đó về cái gì

- We owe to Newton the theory of gravity.

• cost: có giá (bao nhiêu)

- How much is this book? - It’s $10.

How much does this book cost? – It costs $10

What’s the price of this book? - It’s $10

- This shirt isn’t expensive.

 This shirt doesn’t cost much.

• last: kéo dài
- How long does the journey last?
- It lasts two days.
It’s a two-day journey.
- The meeting lasts 15 minutes.

 It’s a 15-minute meeting.

- The flight lasts 4 hours.
It’s a four-hour flight.
- It’s a two-hour tour around the factory.

 The tour around the factory lasts 2 hours.

• belong to: thuộc về (ai)

- Whose is this handbag?

- This handbag is mine / Susan’s.

Whose does this handbag belong to?
This handbag belongs to me / Susan.

- The hammer isn’t the workman’s.

 The hammer doesn’t belong to the workman.

• mean (v): có nghĩa  meaning (n)

meaningful / meaningless (a)

* mean (a): keo kiệt
- What does this word mean?

 What is the meaning of this word?

- mean + doing: có nghĩa là

+ Being a doctor means looking after the sick.

+ Being a driver means travelling a lot.
+ Being a student means being lazy all the time.
• exist (v): tồn tại  existence (n): sự tồn tại

- Life only exists on the earth.

- Life doesn’t exist on the other planets.

• work as (v): có công việc là

- He’s a doctor.

 He works as a doctor.
• Các từ chỉ giác quan:

look / smell / taste / feel / sound + adj

- This house looks …………….

- It feels ………………… in here.

- The radio sounds ……………..
• take sb how long to do st: ai đó mất bao nhiêu thời gian làm
gì.
= spend how long doing st: ai đó dành bao nhiêu thời gian làm
gì.
- Alison goes to work by bus. It takes 45’.
It takes Alison 45’ to go to work by bus.
 Alison spends 45’ going to work by bus.

- Jacky washes the dishes. It takes 15’

It takes Jacky 15’ to wash the dishes.
 Jacky spends 15’ washing the dishes.
• Cấu trúc “Why don’t you + Vinf” để chỉ lời khuyên

- Why don’t you work harder?

You should / had better work harder.

If I were you, I would work harder.

• have got: chỉ sự sở hữu

- I have got 10 villas in Ecopark.

• Have breakfast / lunch / dinner thì dùng được

tiếp diễn
- She is having dinner now.
• Khi nhóm từ “hiếm khi” đứng đầu câu tạo
thành kết cấu đảo: seldom, rarely, scarcely
- My father rarely goes to the cinema.
Rarely does my father go to the cinema.

* Khi “never” đứng đầu câu tạo thành kết cấu đảo
- She never visits me at my house.

 Never does she visit me at my house.

• Hardly: hầu như không – mang nghĩa phủ định rồi nên
động từ phải ở khẳng định, trong câu được dùng any.
• Khi hardly đứng đầu câu tạo thành kết cấu đảo.

- I hardly know anything about him.

Hardly do I know anything about him.

* Nếu trong câu có little, very little thì viết lại câu dùng hardly
- I know English very little.

 I hardly know any English.

• Thì HTĐ dùng với liên từ when = as : (khi), biểu
thị bản chất (= If)
- When people are old, they feel tired.
If people are old, they feel tired

- As students see their teachers, they say “Hello”.

* Mệnh lệnh thức + when + HTĐ

- Kiss him for me when you (meet) him.
- Don’t lend him any money if he (ask).
 PRACTICE
• Bộ đề thi THPT Quốc gia – Tái bản lần 1
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