Land Preparation Key Check 2 Well-Leveled Field

Land Preparation
KEY CHECK 2
1 Well-leveled field
RICE COMPETITIVENESS ENHANCEMENT FUND
What do you observe in
the two pictures?
Which seems well- What are the benefits of
leveled, A or B? Why? a well-leveled field?
A B
2
Importance of Key Check 2
• less weed incidence

• better snail
management
• efficient nutrient
utilization
• uniform crop growth &
A well-leveled field maturity;
is a pre-requisite to • timely harvesting
GOOD WATER & • efficient use of water &
CROP MANAGEMENT. application of controlled
irrigation practices
• efficient use of farm
machinery
3
If field is not well-leveled...
5% Y
i
redu eld
ction
• more water is needed to drench the soil, reducing water

use and time efficiency.
• there is increased weed incidence, difficulty in managing
snails, proper nutrient utilization, uneven crop growth
and maturity that results to inefficient use of water,
reduced grain quality, and yield reduction.
4
Assessment of Key Check 2
No high and low soil spots after final

leveling:
• No portion has more than 5 cm
of water depth.
• No mound of soil can be seen
above the [5cm] water surface
after final land leveling.
5
Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 2
1. Clean & repair dikes & ditches.
• Clean dikes help
prevent/control pests.
• Compacted dikes prevent
seepage.
• Dikes maintained at 15cm
high by 20cm wide prevent
rat burrowing.
• Ditches ensure even water
distribution & drainage.
6
Recommendations to Achieve Key
Check 2
2. Plow or rotavate field 21-30 days before
planting.
• allots time for the
germination of weed seeds
& drop seeds
• incorporates plant residues
(e.g. weeds, rice straw, &
stubbles) to allow time for
decomposition
• controls pests and water
flow
If organic materials are not fully decomposed,

soil becomes acidic & some nutrients become
less available.
7
3. Harrow field twice at 1 week interval.
• breaks the soil clods
• incorporates stubbles
• allows weed seeds to
germinate
• helps reduce initial
pest population
• maintains hard pan
The first harrowing is along plowing
pattern; the second, crosswise (also
the initial leveling).
8
4. Level the field with a wooden plank or tiller-attached
leveler.
• allows uniform
water distribution
• facilitates easier
irrigation and
drainage
Field must be filled with

5cm water depth for ease
of leveling.
9
5. For direct wet-seeded rice, construct small

canals surrounding the field near the levee & at
the middle of the field.
• provides path for excess

water
• facilitates collection of
snails
• facilitates field operations
(i.e. replanting, weeding)
10
In summary: (3rd
1st 2nd Harrowing)
Plowing Harrowing Harrowing Final leveling
Rest period Planting
day 0 day 7 day 14 day 21
11
Input Output Outcome
Well-leveled
• dikes & field
• decomposed • high yield
ditches
plant residues • high grain
cleaned & • reduced pests quality
repaired • uniform crop • minimal
• prepared the growth and
maturity damage to
field 21-30
• efficient water environmen
days before
and nutrient t
planting uptake
• better crop
management
12
Production Assistant:
Mr. Mark Edison Bautista
Technical Reviewers:
Dr. Aurora Corales; Dr. Arnold Juliano;
Engr. Marvin Manalang; Dr. Manuel Jose
Regalado
Courseware Reviewers:
Ms. Lea dR. Abaoag; Ms. Ev Angeles
Note:
Presentation adapted from original version
produced by PhilRice in 2011. Revisions made in
2019 based on results of a series of consultation
workshops with PhilRice R&D staff.
You may use, remix, tweak, & build upon this

presentation non-commercially. However,
always
use with acknowledgment.
Unless otherwise stated, the names listed are

PhilRice staffers.
14
Review!
15
What is the assessment for Key Check
2?
No high & low soil spots
after final leveling:
• No portion has more than 5 cm of

water depth (≈ thumb length).
• No mound of soil can be seen above
the [5cm] water surface after final
land leveling.
16
What are the recommendations to achieve Key Check
2?
repair dikes & ditches.

Clean& _______
1. _______
21-30 days before
2. Plow/rotavate field ___________
planting.
2x at 1 week interval.
3. Harrow field at least ______
Level the field with a wooden plank or
4. _________
power tiller-attached leveler.
17
Why is it important to clean and repair dikes
and ditches before planting?
• less weed incidence
• better snail
management
• efficient nutrient
utilization
• uniform crop growth &
maturity;
• timely harvesting
• efficient use of water &
application of controlled
• efficient use of farm
machinery
18
Why do we need to prepare the field 21-30
days before planting?
Generally, 30 days gives enough time for

weeds and drop seeds to germinate and
get destroyed through tillage (plowing,
harrowing). It is important to control the
drop seeds to lessen the source of off-types.
Also, to allow proper decomposition of

plant residues that will later add to soil
nutrients..
19
Give examples of negative effects of a
poorly-leveled field?
• Higher weed incidence

• Poor snail management
• Less efficient nutrient
utilization
• Uneven crop growth &
maturity;
• Less efficient use of water &
application of controlled
• Less efficient use of farm
machinery
20
If the field is not well-leveled, what is the expected
yield reduction in percent?
Answer:
5% Yield
reduction
21
THANK YOU
22

Land Preparation Key Check 2 Well-Leveled Field

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Land Preparation

• less weed incidence

• more water is needed to drench the soil, reducing water

No high and low soil spots after final

If organic materials are not fully decomposed,

Field must be filled with

5. For direct wet-seeded rice, construct small

• provides path for excess

day 0 day 7 day 14 day 21

You may use, remix, tweak, & build upon this

Unless otherwise stated, the names listed are

• No portion has more than 5 cm of

repair dikes & ditches.

Generally, 30 days gives enough time for

Also, to allow proper decomposition of

• Higher weed incidence

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