COGNITIVE

INTERVIEWING
TECHNIQUES
“We Work as One,
We Heal as One.”
 WHAT IS CONTACT TRACING?
CONTACT • It is the process of identifying, assessing, and
TRACING managing people who have been exposed to a disease
to prevent onward transmission.
• An essential public health tool for controlling
infectious disease outbreaks – it will break the chains
of transmission of an infectious disease when
systematically applied.
• Specific to COVID-19, this requires identifying
persons who may have been exposed to COVID-19
and following them up daily for 14 days from the last
point of exposure.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 GOALS OF CONTACT TRACING?
CONTACT
TRACING • To interrupt ongoing transmission and reduce spread
of an infection
• To alert contacts to the possibility of infection and
offer preventive counseling or prophylactic care
• To offer diagnosis, counseling and treatment to
already infected individuals
• If the infection is treatable, to help prevent re-
infection of the originally infected patient
• To learn about the epidemiology of a disease in a
particular population

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 GOAL OF PRIMARY GOAL OF POLICE
POLICE INVESTIGATION
INVESTIGATION
There are two key aims underpinning any investigation

1. To find out what happened, and if anything did

happen; and
2. To discover who did what.

Thus, one of the most important tools for an

investigator is INTERVIEWING.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 CRIME CONTACT TRACING
GOAL OF INVESTIGATION
POLICE POSITIVE CASE
CRIME/ INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION Identify
Identify -Close Contacts
-Victims -Places of
-Perpetrators Engagements
-Witnesses -Timeline
Locate and Isolate
Locate/ Trace -Close Contacts (High Risk)
-Perpetrators (Safehouses/ -Places of Engagement
Addresses) (Disinfection and
-Witnesses (Addresses) Decontamination)
Test
Arrest -Close Contacts (High Risk)
-Perpetrators

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 IMPORTANCE
IMPORTANCE OF INTERVIEWING
OF • Investigative Interviewing is the major fact finding
INTERVIEWING method of Police officers when investigating a
crime.

• Majority of cases are solved through the evidence

obtained in an effective interview on victims,
witnesses, and even suspects.

• Information Gathering ( Interviewing ) from

numerous sources is the key to solving Investigatory
Questions.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 COGNITIVE TECHNIQUE
COGNITIVE
TECHNIQU
E “ The ability to gather information
from the Interviewee everything
from his/her own account of places,
names, things and events. ”

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 COGNITIVE APPROACH
COGNITIVE
APPROACH
Creating an environment for the
interviewee to re-live the events
he/she is going to be asked to recall.
This approach aims to assist the
interviewee recollect from their own
memory.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 THE ‘PEACE’ MODEL
‘PEACE’
MODEL
PEACE is the investigative interviewing
free recall model.

PEACE provides the structure for

investigative interviewing.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

‘PEACE’
P Planning and Preparation
MODEL
E Engage and Explain
A Account /Clarification/Challenge
C Closure
E Evaluation

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

Planning and PEACE
Preparation Aims and objectives Prepared Plan Roles of
of interview interviewers
PLANNING AND
Knowledge of What facts do
Interviewee PREPARATION you have?
Outlines what to
Recording of
Legal issues consider when Interview
planning and
Other Parties preparing for an Timing
Involvement interview.
Welfare Issues Equipment Location Legal Advice

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 PLANNING AND
Planning and PEACE PREPARATION

Preparation Planning and preparation is the most important phase

in effective interviewing.

• Consider age, gender,

race, educational
background, physical &
mental condition.

• Consider the make-up

of the interview team
and nominate the
relevant roles.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 PLANNING AND
Planning and PEACE PREPARATION

Preparation Planning and preparation is the most important phase

in effective interviewing.

• Who should be present

during the interview.

• Where the interview

should take place.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

Engage and PEACE
Explain Purpose of interviews Time / Day / Date

Instructions ENGAGE AND Implications

EXPLAIN
Introductions This describes how to
cope with the special
problems of getting an
interview going and
Entitlements establishing the ground Concerns
rules.
Note taking Roles of people present
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
 ENGAGE AND
Engage and PEACE EXPLAIN

Explain During this phase you begin to establish a relationship with

the interviewee. Engage is the first step in order to encourage
conversation. Explain is the step used to help the interviewee
understand the purpose of the interview.
• Establish rapport with the interviewee;
• Managing first impression;
• Considering how you address the
interviewee;
• Establishing his/her immediate
needs/concerns;
• Develop your active listening;
• Explain the reason for the interview.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 Account PEACE
Develop Questions Active
from Answers
Use of Silence
Listening

No Interruptions ACCOUNT
This deals with the
central issue of obtaining
the interviewee’s
account, clarifying this
and when necessary,
challenging it.
Non Verbal Use of Appropriate
Communication Questions
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
 ACCOUNT
Account PEACE
OPEN Statements to start the interview:

T Tell me
E Explain to me
D Describe to me
S Show me or Sketch to me

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 ACCOUNT
Account PEACE
Closed questions probe the topics:
NOTE: These obtains fine grain details.
1. How
2. Who
3. What
4. When
5. Why
6. Where

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH
1. Interviewing is all about facilitating another
persons ability to recall something.

2. Memory is influenced by many factors that affect

the ability to recall.

3. You need to be aware of these factors to help you

make decisions on how to evaluate your
interviewees.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH
WITNESS / interviewees AGENDA

• This is where we encourage the interviewee to

• TELL US EVERYTHING THEY CAN
REMEMBER FROM START TO FINISH
• We don’t interrupt
• It is their chance to tell their story

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH Step 1: Set the scene and initiate a free report using
an open TEDS questions.

Step 2:Repeated attempt to recall and use of a

sketch plan.

Step 3:Identify interviewee area by signposting.

Step 4:Expand each topic by using open TEDS

question and probing questions 5Ws and 1H.

Step 5:Summarize, clarify, and prepare statement.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH Statements that Set the Scene
 Think about where you were at the time.
 Think about what you were doing.
 Think about what was happening.
 Focus on everything you can see.
 Concentrate on who you were with.
 Think about what you could hear.
 Concentrate on what was said.
 Think about how you were feeling.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH Example of Witness/interviewee Agenda

“ I was at the skate park with some mates.

Totoy Bato came over and picked a fight with
me then he punched me. I fell over then my
mates picked me up and we left. I got a
broken nose. “

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH Taking of Witness/interviewee Agenda using
Signposting

I--------------------I--------------------I-----------------I----------------I--------------I
Skate Totoy Fell Mates
park Bato Over
Punched

Expand Using TEDS

Questions

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 FREE RECALL MODEL
COGNITIVE
APPROACH Skate Park
Q. Sabi mo nandoon ka sa Skate Park. Pwede mo bang
sabihin kung saan at anung meron sa skate park.

A. Ah.... Ang skate park ay yung nasa welcome rotonda ng

SBMA malapit sa tulay ng Arlington... Alam mo yun sir.

Q. I am interested in what happened at the skate park, tell

me everything you can remember, don’t leave anything
out.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 SKATE PARK
Investigative
Interviewing Probe

Where What Why Who How When

Revert to open questions ( TEDS ) and

context reinstatement if appropriate

Move on to the next agenda topic and repeat process

until all matters have been dealt with
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
 TOTOY PUNCHED
Investigative
Interviewing Probe

Where What Why Who How When

Revert to open questions ( TEDS ) and

context reinstatement if appropriate

Move on to the next agenda topic and repeat process

until all matters have been dealt with
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
 Account PEACE
Invite Comments Invite Comments
Planned
from other Parties From Interviewee

CLOSURE
Formalities Courtesy
This describes the
considerations before
closing an interview.
Intended Course
Signatories
of Action

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 CLOSURE
Account PEACE
Verification and Consolidation

The answer to four key questions must be considered before

‘Closure’ of the interview:

1. Have you covered all the questions you want to ask?

2. Has the interviewee provided all the information they are able
and willing to provide?
3. Have you covered all the aims of your interview?
4. What is the effect of additional information?

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 CLOSURE
Account PEACE
Reviewing the Accounts

You need to give the

interviewee an opportunity
to confirm, alter, clarify, deny
or add Anything to their
account if they wish.

Be prepared for additional information. Think about how

you’re going to maximize this new information.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 CLOSURE
Account PEACE
Always close the interview with the Three P’s:

1. Polite – end the interview politely, thanking the

interviewee for the time and efforts with assisting
with the investigation.

2. Positive – end the interview positively, for example

“the information you provided is in such detail it will
assist with the investigation, thank you”

3. Prospectively – interviewee will contact you if they

recall any details and wish to add to the
information they have provided.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 Account PEACE
Invite Comments Invite Comments
from other Parties Planned From Interviewee

EVALUATION
Formalities This describes the Courtesy
considerations before
closing an interview.

Intended Course
Signatories
of Action

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 EVALUATION
Account PEACE
The purpose of ‘Evaluation’ is to:

1. Examine whether the aims and objectives for the

interview have been achieved.

2. Review the investigation in the light of information

obtained during the interview.

3. Develop interviewing skills by evaluating how you

performed setting goals for the future.

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 CORE SKILLS in Cognitive Interviewing
COGNITIVE
APPROACH
• Planning and Preparation
• Establish Rapport
• Active Listening
• Effective Questioning

USE THESE SKILLS WITHIN THE INVESTIGATION

INTERVIEWING PEACE FRAMEWORK

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 MEMORY TEST

sour nice candy

honey sugar soda
bitter chocolate good
heart taste cake
tooth tart pie

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 WRITE DOWN AS MANY AS
YOU CAN REMEMBER

YOU HAVE 60 SECONDS !

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 WHO WROTE DOWN

”SWEET”

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 WAS “ SWEET ” THERE ? .. NO!

sour nice candy

honey sugar soda
bitter chocolate good
heart taste cake
tooth tart pie

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 MEMORY TEST 2

mad wrath fear happy hate

fight
rage hatred temper
mean fury calm
Ire emotion enrage

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 TRY AGAIN ..

Write down as many as you can

remember

YOU HAVE 60 SECONDS !

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 WHO WROTE DOWN

“ ANGER ” or “ ANGRY “ ?

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 “ANGER” or “ ANGRY “ is NOT there !

mad wrath fear happy hate

fight
rage hatred temper
mean fury calm
Ire emotion enrage

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 LOOK AT YOUR LIST

CONGRATULATIONS ( some of )
YOU HAVE JUST HAD A FALSE
MEMORY

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 SAMPLE INFO MATRIX
Name:
Date Diagnosed (w/ symptoms):
Date Admitted in Hospital:
Date Quarantined:
DATE TIME MODE OF PLACES OF DEGREE OF PERSON ADDRESS/ REMARKS
TRANSPORTATION ENGAGEMENT CONTACT INTERACTED CONTACT NOS.
(HIGH/MODERATE/ WITH
LOW)

(Start of (Specific (Transportation used (Places where High-persons in (All persons    

backtracking Time) by the subject person the subject direct contact whom the
and contact in going to the person went at (physical touching, subject come
tracing from identified places.) the specified face to face in to contact
the time date and time) conversation) with to include
diagnosed) MODERATE-within waiters,
2-3 meters distance janitors,
LOW-more than 3 drivers, etc.)
meters distance

March 22, 11AM- Private car Residence to HIGH Driver-Chris 09199854493/South  

2020 12NN BCC Adi Drive, Baguio CIty

March 23, 8AM-5PM Van BGH Canteen MODERATE Waiter – Alma 09485647895/  
2020 Bandas Ambiong, Baguio
City

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

 INFORMATION:
Name: -------------------- AGE: 46 YEARS OLD
Date Diagnosed (with symptoms): _______APRIL 7, 2020____ BIRTHDATE: SEPTEMBER 24, 1973
Date Admitted in Hospital: _____10 APRIL 2020_____ STATUS: SINGLE
Date Quarantined: _____10 APRIL 2020______ RESIDENCE: #100 Burnham Park, BAGUIO CITY
CONTACT NUMBER: 123456789

DATE TIME MODE OF TRANSPORTATION PLACES OF ENGAGEMENT PERSON INTERACTED WITH ADDRESS /CONTACT NUMBER REMARKS

             
16 MAR 20 Anita Abola Jacob 0917-596-4446
On Call Work (Clean House)
Ericson Nisperos Jacob   *Note: Person in contact just
#65 Purok 4, Lopez Jaena, Eliseo Cruz Jacob   came from Manila, denied that
9:00 AM Taxi
Baguio City Joseph Serrano Faustino   Rosemarie came to their
Sebastian Zion Idac Ancheta   residence to clean
 
Mae Jacob  
20 MAR 20
On Call Work (Massage)
*Note: person in contact was on
#47-B Purok 5, Scout Barrio, 0917-275-0433 / #47-B Purok 5,
3:20 PM By Foot/Walk Carissa Mauricio quarantine and had history of
Baguio City Scout Barrio, Baguio City
travel from Manila, although
tested negative

21 MAR 20   0919-456-5014 / #88 Scout

Manolo Laroco Llaneta
Barrio, Baguio City
0948-693-6333 / #4 Scout Barrio,
Ma. Victoria Basallo Astudillo Debriefing on the Distribution
Scout Barrio Barangay Hall Baguio City
8:00 AM of Form 200 re Barangay Relief
(Office Area) 0926-992-6727 / #141 A Scout
Lea Mabanta Miranda Pack
Barrio, Baguio City
0910-726-0959 / #127 Scout
Melanie Mariano Tait
Barrio, Baguio City
Purok 5 and Purok 6, Scout
8:30 AM By Foot/Walk Constituents   Distribution of Form 200
Barrio, Baguio City
0919-456-5014 / #88 Scout
Manolo Laroco Llaneta
Barrio, Baguio City
0948-693-6333 / #4 Scout Barrio,
Ma. Victoria Basallo Astudillo Preparation on Transmittal of
Scout Barrio Barangay Hall Baguio City
12:00 NN   Qualified Recipient of Food
(Office Area) 0926-992-6727 / #141 A Scout
Lea Mabanta Miranda Package to CSWD
Barrio, Baguio City
0910-726-0959 / #127 Scout
Melanie Mariano Tait
Barrio, Baguio City
0925-309-1970 / #153 Scout
Darlene Maila Morta Babela
Barrio, Baguio City
0923-282-1826 / #95 Scout
Juanito Morales Peralta
Barrio, Baguio City
Private Vehicle Scout Barrio Barangay to 0999-520-6149 / #123 Scout
3:30 PM Joselito Solamo Travel
(ULV 902) Sunshine Grocery Barrio, Baguio City
0946-818-5572 / #028 Purok 2,
Christopher Ian Cariño Mesina
Scout Barrio, Baguio City
0910-726-0959 / #127 Scout
Melanie Mariano Tait
Barrio, Baguio City

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING

WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
WE WORK AS ONE, WE HEAL AS ONE COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING
END OF PRESENTATION