INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF HYDRAULIC AND WATER

RESOURCES ENGINEERING

INTERSHIP REPORT ON WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

PREPARED BY: ERMIAS KETEMAW ID: 0691/09

 The New water supply project in garssa Town
•To minimize the shortage of water supply problem in garssa village
the north wollo water resource department has designed new water
supply and sanitation project at garssa which is 15 Km’s from zonal
capital town (woldia).
•This project is estimated to increase the water supply in garssa
village in addition to traditional water source as soon as possible.
Objective of the study
Over all objectives
•aims to improve the health and living conditions of the rural
communities
•design and implement a sustainable water supply and sanitation
system for the village through improving the quantity, quality and
level of services as per the standards set for urban areas of Ethiopia.
 Specific objectives
•Design the water supply system using a deep well as a source to
meet the water demand of jarssa village from the year 2020 to the
year 2036
Design period (planning horizon)
•The design period (planning horizon) is the length of time for which
the system is expected to provide a community with good quality
and sufficient quantity of water.
•This period should be neither too short, not less than ten years or
too long because of economic reasons and the difficulty of
predicting future water demands.
•It is the first task of the designer to fix the design period by
considering the following issues:
1. Population growth rate
2. The economy of scale principle
3. Interest rates for the money to be borrowed
4. Lifetime of water supply system components
The design lifetime of system components mostly adopted for
financial/economic comparison of alternative projects , Therefore,
for our case15 years design period taken
Population
In practice, the basic population data for the design has been adopted
from the census report of the central statistical authority OR kebelle
administrative office so 3022 present population is taken.
Population Projection
•Population growth rates of Amharic Region are applied at 5 year
intervals
•Design population can be calculated by multiplying the present
population with a population growth factor as follows

Where,
Pn = Design population (after n years)
Pp = Present population (at the start of design period)
r = Annual population growth rate
n = Design period in years.
Source: - The 1994 population and housing census of Ethiopia, Result
of country level volume 2Analytical report, June 1999
 
Year 2019 2020 2021- 2026-2030 2031-2035
2025

Annual Growth rate   2 1.7 1.5 1.5

Rural.
Population 3022 3082.4 3353.51 3612.68 3891.88
4

Water sources
The water supply source for Garssa village will be from one deep wel
having a discharge of around 8.6l/s .( with low investment cost because
Ground water supply projects need no treatment process)
Population distribution by mode of service
Taking into account Willingness to pay and Institutional capacity of the
village the proposed projected modes of services is given. At the end of
the design period it is planned that all households will receive water from
the Water Supply Service.
3.3.4.2 Per capita Water Demand
The amount of water used per person per day for daily life and activity is
known as per capita water demand which uses as a base for estimating the
domestic water demand of communities.

:Projected Percentages (%) of Mode of Service

Mode of 2019 2020 2025 2030 2034
service
Yard
  8% 9.28% 19.49% 40.94% 85.98%
connection
Public tap
  92% 90.72% 80.51% 59.06% 14.02%
connection
Total   100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
• Per capita Water Demand
•The amount of water used per person per day for daily life and activity
is known as per capita water demand which uses as a base for estimating
the domestic water demand of communities.
•According to the design criteria prepared in January, 2006 by Ministry
of Water Resources
 Projected per capita water demand by mode of service (l/c/d)
Demand 2019 2020 2025 2030 2035
category
YTU   30 31.2 38.0 46.2 54.0
PTU   20 20.2 21.2 22.3 23.5

Adjustment due to Socio-economic Conditions

Garssa feasibility study and design report considered Garssa village as
a ruralvillage and lower living standard at present, and classified it
into group D. The appropriate Socio-economic adjustment factor of 1
has therefore been adopted (Amhara national regional state water
bureau water supply guide line, 2012).
Adjustment for Climate
Garssa with a mean annual precipitation of (800-1050)mm belongs to
Group B as per the design criteria. Thus, an adjustment factor of 1 is
taken.(World Bank cost effective guide line)
projected average per capital domestic water demand (M3/d)

Year 2019 20202021-2025 2026-2030 2031-2035

Annual Growth rate Rural.   2 1.7 1.5 1.5
Population 3022 3082.44 3353.51 3612.68 3891.88
Yard tap user 7.2528 8.92 24.81 68.30 180.80
Public tap user 55.6048 56.49 57.32 47.61 0.00
projected average per
capita domestic water 62.8576 65.41 82.13 115.91 180.80
demand(m3/d)

•Adjusted Average Daily per capita Domestic water

Demand(the above table is multiplied by climate and socio
eco economic adjustment factor )
Non-Domestic Water Demand
For garssa rural town only public water demands was
calculated were calculated by 10% of domestic water
demand
 Unaccounted for Water (Water loss)
Water loss includes leakage in the pipe due to breakage, lose
jointing, illegal connections, and un-meter usages such as flushing,
cleaning the system and overflow from the components of the water
supply system
losses as percentage (%) of production

Start year 5year 10year 15year

26 23 20 22

Average day demand

The average water demand can be determined by adding the
categories of water demands: Domestic water demand, Non
Domestic water demand and unaccounted for water loss. The
average water demand represents the daily demand of the village
averaged over the year.
Total Average Day Demand
2019 2020 2021- 2026- 2031-
Year
2025 2030 2035
Domestic
  62.86 65.41 82.13 115.91 180.80
Demand (m3/d)
Public demand
 
rate (%) 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%
Public Demand
  6.29 6.54 8.21 11.59 18.08
(m3/d)
unacounted
water loss rate   0.26 26.00% 23.00% 20.00% 22.00%
(%)
Losses in the
system of
  16.343 17.01 18.89 23.18 39.78
average day
demand
Total Average m3/d 85.49 88.96 109.23 150.69 238.66
Day Demand L/S 0.98943 1.03 1.26 1.74 2.76
 Maximum day demand
The daily water consumption varies from one day to another.
Maximum water demand represents the water consumption of a
day which is higher than the normal or average day water
consumption. Maximum day factor usually varies between 1.1 and
1.3. For Garssa village maximum day factor of 1.3 has been
adopted.
Maximum Day Demand
2019 2020 2021- 2026- 2031-
Year
2025 2030 2035
Total average Day   85.49 88.96 109.23 150.69 238.66
Demand   0.98943 1.03 1.26 1.74 2.76
Maximum Day
  1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
Coefficient
Maximum Day m3/d 111.13 115.65 142.00 195.90 310.25
Demand L/S 1.29 1.34 1.64 2.27 3.59
 Peak Hour Water Demand
Peak hour demand is meant for peak demand in some hours within
a day. It occurs particularly, when all the water taps are opened at a
particular rush hour. Water Bureau design guide line a peak hour
factor of 2.2 on daily maximum values has been used for Garssa
village.

:peak hour demand

2019 2020 2021- 2026- 2031-
Year  
2025 2030 2035
Total average   85.49 88.96 109.23 150.69 238.66
Day Demand   0.98943 1.03 1.26 1.74 2.76
    2.2 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20
Peak hour m3/d 188.07 195.71 240.32 331.51 525.04
demand L/S 2.17674 2.27 2.78 3.84 6.08
 1.Determination of economical diameter(D)
Riser pipe
Q = 8.6l/s
097Q^0.5 1.22Q^0.5

0.089954099 0.113138146 M

89.95409941 113.1381456 mm

3.598163976 4.525525826 inch

Let us take ͌ 4inch Check for velocity:

V = Q/A, A=4*10 -3M2
V = 1m/sec<2m/s………….ok.
Head Calculation
The required head is calculated as follows
 Head Calculation
The required head is calculated as follows:
Hnet =Hd+Hf+Hm+Ht
Riser pipe length (L=120M)
Hf1=10.67(Q/C)1.852*(L/(D4.87))

3
Where, Q=0.0035m /s , L=120m/for GS pipe/ , C=120 , D=0.1m , Hd=120 Hf=2, Hm=0.2

HTnet=120+2+0.2=122.2M
2.Determination of economical diameter
From ground surface to service reservoir
Q = 8.6l/s
Let us take 113 mm (from above table) ,OD
140mmPN 16with internal diameter 113.2mm and
delivery head 144.7
Check for velocity:
V = Q/A, A=4*10 -3M2
V = 1.38m/sec<2m/s………….ok.
Head Calculation
The required head is calculated as follows:
Hnet =Hd+Hf+Hm+Ht
From surface of bore hole to service reservoir
Hf1=10.67(Q/C)1.852*(L/(D4.87))

3
Where, Q=0.0035m /s , L=1660=1700m/for HDEP/ C=150 ,

D=0.113m (PN 16 OD 140 DN HDPE pipe ),Hd1=

144.7, Hf1e=
10.55 Hm 1=
1.05

HTnet=144.7+10.5+1.05+3=159.37
Let us take 159.37 as a total head
So that the Total head from the pump position to the service
reservoir is=159.37+122.2=281.59
 Determination of capacity of booster station and service
reservoir
Capacity of booster service reservoir for the village is determined
using simplified empirical method commonly practical in many
water supply projects.
Therefore, Capacity of booster station = 30*MDD*60 (30 minute
detination time)
=30*8.6*60=15000 L = 20m3recommendable
Capacity of reservoir = 1/3*MDD
=1/3*310.25 =103m3 =
100m3recommendable
Power calculation of submersible pump
 QH
Power =
efficiency
P = Power input to the pump in KW
 Power = 9.81* 0.0086*123
0.65
=15.9 kw

The power of pump is 20kw

Power calculation of generator (If necessary)

Since the efficiency of the current generator is low (china standard), the
power of generator is 150% of power of pump which is 30kw.
The power of generator is 150% of power of pump And 10% power
reduction which is30 kw
Power calculation of surface pump from bore hole to service
reservoir
Power =  QH
efficiency
Power =
9 . 81 * 0 . 0086 * 159 . 37
0 . 65
=20.68 Kw
The power of pump is 25kw

Power calculation of generator (If necessary)

Since the efficiency of the current generator is low (china standard),
the power of generator is 1.5% of power of pump which is 37.5kw.
Usually the operation of generator is affected by altitude changes in
reference to the sea mean level. It is practical to consider 10% power
reduction due to altitude variation at each 1000m altitude change.
The power of generator is 150% of power of pump And 10% power
reduction which is 45 kw
 What I gained in terms of improving
• my practical skill
• Theoretical knowledge
• Interpersonal communication skills
• Team playing skills
• leadership skills(Good management skills)
• work ethics related issue
• entrepreneurship skills (post-graduation employment )
FINALLY I CONCLUDE AND RECOMENED THAT-
The internship semester so good to give real practical skills and make the students
familiar to the outside world. I got practical work experiences and benefits Enables
me to develop professional contacts, for our future job opportunity
 I have realized that almost no cooperative work is done our college (college of
Engineering) with the hosting organizations

…….. THE END………….

Thank you