Exponential Functions

Some of the most common

applications in real-life of
exponential functions and their
transformations are population
growth, exponential decay and
compound interest.
 An exponential function
with base b is a function of
the form f(x) = bx or y = bx
where
b > 0, b ≠ 1
Real life examples of exponential function
Suppose a culture of 300 bacteria at MJD Farm is put into
a Petri dish and the culture doubles every 10 hours. Give
an exponential model for the situation. How many bacteria
will there be after 90 hours?
Real life examples of exponential function
While an exponential function may have various bases, a
frequently used base is the irrational number e, whose
value is approximately 2.71828. Because e is a commonly
used base, the natural exponential function is defined as
having e as the base. The predicted population of a certain
city is given by P=200,000 e (0.03y) where y is the number
of years after the year 2020. Predict the population for the
year 2030.
Determine if the given is an exponential
function or not.
1. f(x) = 2x2 Not Exponential

2. f(x) = 2x Exponential

3. f(x) = 2-x Exponential

4. f(x) = 12x Not Exponential

 Determine if the given is an exponential
function or not.
 
5. f(x) = 13x Exponential
6. f(x) = (-2)x Not Exponential
7. f(x) = x Exponential
8. f(x) = 32x + 1 Exponential
 Activity 13 (Part 1): Determine if the
given is an exponential function or not.
 
1. f(x) = 13x 6. f(x) = 7-x
2. f(x) = (-2)x 7. f(x) = xy
3. f(x) = x 8. f(x) = vx-1
4. f(x) = 32x + 1 9. f(x) = 9x+3
5. f(x) = 1x + 1 10. f(x) = 62x
 An exponential function with base b
is a function of the form f(x) = bx or y =
bx where b > 0,
b≠1

Example:
1. h(x) = 2x+1
2. f(x) = 34x
 An exponential expression is an
expression of the form a•b + d,
x-c

where b > 0, b ≠ 1

Example:
1. 12 x+1

2. 8 +1
3x-5
 An exponential equation is an
equation involving exponential
expression.

Example:
1. 8 = 32
x

2. 4 =16
2x+2
 An exponential inequality is an
inequality involving exponential
expression.

Example:
1. 8 ≥ 32
x

2. 4 <16
2x+2
T Examples: Determine if the given is an
exponential function, expression, equation,
R
inequality or none of them.
Y
1. 3x ≤ 22x Exponential Inequality

2. 2x + 3 Exponential Expression

3. f(x) = 13x Exponential Function

4. f(x) = 12x None of them

T Examples: Determine if the given is an
exponential function, expression, equation,
R
inequality or none of them.
Y
 
5. 2-x Exponential Expression

6. 8-2x+1 = 2x Exponential Equation

7. 27x ≠ x Exponential Inequality

8. y = 32x + 1 Exponential Function
Activity 13 (part 2): Determine if the given
is an exponential function, expression,
equation, inequality or none of them.
 
1. 81x = x 5. f(x) = 12x+7
2. 5-2x > 15x-1 6. 2x – 5
3. y = 10x 7. 5 ≤ 1252x
4. 8-x+1 8. f(x) = 43x - 2
Exponential
Equations
Solve each equation.
 
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
 Solution for number 1
 
Given
x=3 Equate the exponent
Always make sure that the base are equal
Solution for number 2
 
Given
Make the base equal, rewrite 9
x=2 Equate the exponent
Solution for number 3
 
Given
Make the base equal, rewrite 16
x - 1= 2 Equate the exponent
x = 2+1 Transpose -1
x=3 Simplify
Solution for number 4
 
Given
=
= Rewrite 64 to base 4
x + 1 = -3 Simplify
x = -3 -1 Equate the exponent
x = -4 Transpose +1
Simplify
Solution for number 5
  Given
Make the base equal, rewrite 8 and 4

3(x-1) = 2(x+3) Equate the exponent

3x – 3 = 2x + 6 Use the Distributive property

Combine like terms
3x-2x = 6 + 3
Simplify
x=9
Activity 14. Solve each equation. (Show your solution)
   
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.