overlay network

DARKNET
Plan:
1 What is the DarkNet?

2 DARKNET is ..

3 How the darknet works?

4 How the darknet works?

5 Why is the darknet dangerous?

 What is the DarkNet?

To understand this, you need to understand the structure of the Internet. The global
network is conventionally divided into three layers:

• Superficial, or visible. This includes publicly available, open source web

resources. That is, any sites that can be visited using a standard link and found in search
engines.
• Deep. Includes content that does not hit search engines. The content of private cloud
storage, corporate networks and various closed databases - all this is the deep Internet.
Most often, access to such resources is protected by a username and password.
• Dark, darknet. This is the collective name for computer networks designed for the
anonymous transfer of information. There are also services for trade, communication
and content exchange, but they cannot be opened through a standard browser or found
in a regular search engine.
DARKNET
DarkNet is a hidden network, the connections of which
are established only between trusted peers, sometimes
referred to as "friends", using non-standard protocols
and ports. An anonymous network is a system of
unconnected virtual tunnels that provide encrypted data
transmission.
The DarkNet differs from other distributed peer-to-peer
networks in that the file sharing is anonymous (since the
IP address is not publicly available), and therefore users
can communicate without much fear and government
interference.
The hidden network architecture
impedes the monitoring of users and
control over the transmission of
information. Therefore, the darknet
can be both a weapon against
censorship and a screen for crime.

In Ukraine, as in most other countries,

the use of hidden networks is allowed.
But many activities on the darknet are
banned. With the advent of bitcoin,
which allows money to be sent
anonymously, the hidden internet has
become a virtual black market. In
addition to legal sites, the darknet is
flooded with sites selling child
pornography, stolen data, drugs,
weapons and other illegal goods.
 How the darknet works?
• Hidden networks exist in parallel to each other
and provide anonymity by various technical
means. For example, the largest of them is built
on the principles of TOR (The Onion Router),
or onion routing. It is an encryption and data
transmission technology created by the staff of
the US Navy Research Laboratory.
• It works like this. The message is wrapped in
several layers of encryption, which begs the
analogy with an onion. It is then passed through
many network nodes - the so-called onion
routers. Each of them peels off the protective
layer to find out the next node in the chain. As a
result, no intermediary sees either the content or
the entire route of the message. Full decryption
occurs only on the recipient's side.
• The project was created in the 1990s for
military purposes. But later, the authors made
the TOR code publicly available so that the
technology would serve to protect the rights and
freedoms of ordinary people. Now you can use
it to access the darknet.
• TOR is currently being developed by the TOR
Project. The project has many sponsors among
ordinary users and various scientific, technological
and other institutions. Continuous development and
relative ease of use have made the technology
popular. Therefore, in popular culture, the darknet is
primarily associated with this hidden network.
• Journalists often contact informants through TOR.
Facebook, The New York Times and the BBC are
using it to stay accessible in totalitarian countries
despite being blocked. For this, companies have
created TOR versions of their sites on
• Another relatively well-known anonymous
network is I2P (Invisible Internet Project).
Enthusiasts from all over the world have been
developing it since 2004. The technical basis of
the project provides a higher speed than TOR,
and theoretically even greater security.
• However, I2P lacks the means to grow rapidly.
And in the current state, the tools for using this
network are not convenient and simple enough
for a wide audience. In terms of the number of
users, I2P is significantly inferior to TOR.the
darknet.
Tor
 How to get on
the darknet?
Connecting to a hidden network is easier
than you might think. To enter, TOR-
browser is most often used. It can be
downloaded for free from the official
website of the TOR Project.
Once launched, the program will display
prompts to help you configure it. As soon
as the browser menu opens, you can start
surfing.
Use only the official versions of the TOR-
browser and update it regularly to keep the
program as stable and secure as possible. Please
note: due to the peculiarities of iOS, there is no
official TOR application for this operating
system.
• Sites of this hidden network have special
addresses in the .onion zone. If you do not
know where to start your acquaintance with
the darknet, you can visit these safe resources
through TOR:
• The directory of links to popular dark web sites The
Hidden Wiki:
http://zqktlwi4fecvo6ri.onion/wiki/index.php/Main_Pag
e.
• Facebook: https://facebookcorewwwi.onion.
• BBC International:
https://www.bbcnewsv2vjtpsuy.onion.
• Search engine:DuckDuckGo
https://3g2upl4pq6kufc4m.onion.
Why is the darknet There are enough people on the darknet who
not only offer illegal goods and services, but
dangerous? also try to steal or exploit other users. Of
course, such people are also present on the
regular Internet. But the anonymity of hidden
networks allows them to operate more
effectively.
Typical threats to face on the
darknet:

Cyber ​fraud. Don't be in a hurry

to buy anything. Having received
the money, the anonymous person
may not fulfill his obligations. In
addition, phishing is common on
hidden networks - theft of
accounts and cryptocurrencies
using fake websites.
Shock content.
Due to the lack of censorship on
the dark web, it is easier to stumble
upon explicit or violent content,
even if you are not looking for it on
purpose. Therefore, impressionable
people should carefully choose
resources for surfing.
Psychological attacks.
Manipulators and psychopaths can
attack victims on the dark web
with impunity. The most
dangerous are capable of driving a
person with an unstable psyche to
suicide.
Hackers' actions.
You can simply be
hacked to steal money or
personal data. At the very
least, you shouldn't click on
unknown links and
download suspicious files.
Be careful with it
If you yourself intend to break
the law and think that the
darknet will provide you with
impunity, think again. Although
hidden networks are private,
through carelessness or due to
technical illiteracy, you can still
reveal your identity. For
example, it is enough to
accidentally download a Trojan
from the darknet or leave
contacts in an inappropriate
place.
Thanks for
attention