QUIZ

AND
REVIEW
1. There are 20 texts. Which texts are included in:
a. Analytical exposition?
b. Hortatory exposition?
c. Explanation?
d. Discussion?

2. Give the reasons why you think so.

3. Identify the generic structures of each text.

4. Give each text suitable tittles.

1
Odd-Even Traffic Rule in the Midst of PSBB: Pros and Cons Covid-19 restricts us to
mobilize since it will increase the risk of having direct contact with others. As an effect, the
government of Jakarta has issued a policy regarding the regulation of odd-even traffic rule
which starts in March 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This rule is reinforced in August
2020 for the four-wheel vehicles. Jakarta Provincial Government re-imposes this rule due to
the increase of Covid-19 cases in Jakarta and the emergence of office cluster. Head of the
DKI Jakarta Transportation Agency, Syafrin Liputo, said the odd-even system is expected to
limit the mobility of residents who want to enter and exit the Jakarta area to minimize the
spread of Covid-19. It is also due to the removal of the policy of SIKM for residents outside
Jakarta. On the other hand, after a month of implementing odd-even traffic rule, the Covid-
19 Task Force asked Jakarta Provincial Government to evaluate the policy. Reports say that
the odd-even rule has an impact on increasing transportation and mobility. Even so, Jakarta
Provincial Government said that this regulation is able to reduce the mobility rate of the
citizens in Jakarta. In the end, each regulation is expected to help reduce the number of
citizen mobilization and reduce the spread of Covid-19. In addition, citizens are expected to
always comply with regulations so that the efforts to combat the Covid-19 run well.
2
Why is Physical Activity and Fitness Important? There are some advantages when
we get fitness. Some of them are:
Physical activity is essential to prevent and reduce risks of many diseases and
improve physical and mental health. It can even help you live longer—research from
the American Journal of Preventative Medicine indicates that regular exercise can add
up to five years to your life.
Physical activity also keeps you in shape so you can enjoy leisure activities and
safely perform work and home chores. It offers great mental and social benefits as well.
The Lancet released a series of studies that attribute positive outcomes to physical
activity, including “a sense of purpose and value, a better quality of life, improved
sleep, and reduced stress, as well as stronger relationships and social connectedness.”
On the other hand, lack of physical activity is associated with increased risks of
healthy problems.
 3
Implementing Health Protocols in the midst of Pandemic People are starting to abandon the habit of
wearing masks and keeping their distance amid the pandemic that has been going on for nearly nine
months. Is it okay to ignore the health protocols? The answer is absolutely no. We should keep obeying
the health protocols because the pandemic is not over yet. In the early pandemic, most of the people are
discipline in obeying the health protocols such as wearing mask, washing hands, and keeping a
distance. These days, there is a pandemic fatigue where people are tired of being restricted for months
in this pandemic. However, this phenomenon cannot be a reason for us to ignore the health protocols. It
is because there is no cure yet which to combat the ferocity of the coronavirus. The most important
thing that we can do is stick to health protocols so that we can break the chain of virus spread. In
addition, CDC or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends us to wear mask since it can
prevent us from getting or spreading the virus. Therefore, we need to continue to protect ourselves from
exposure to the virus for the good of ourselves and others. To overcome fatigue in the midst of a
pandemic, we can try to keep in touch with the people closest to us so that we do not feel bored. We
should remember that everyone can be exposed to viruses and vaccines still cannot be used, so it is
important to always implement health protocols, especially when there is an urgent matter that requires
us to leave the house.
4
Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in
it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value as low as 2.8.
Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all fish and plant life
because of acid rain.
Acid rain comes from sulphur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulphur dioxide (SO2 ). Most sulphur leaves
factory chimneys as the gaseous sulphur dioxide (SO2 ) and most nitrogen is also emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO
or NO2 ), both of which are gases. The gases may be dry deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface
vegetation. If they are in the atmosphere for any time, the gases will oxidise (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as
acids. 
Sulphuric acid (H2 SO4 ) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3 ). The acids usually dissolve in cloud
droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid rain. 
Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. More
ammonium (NH4 ) can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralised by airborne ammonia (NH3 ).
Acidication increases with the number of active hydrogen (H+) ions dissolved in acid.         
Hydrocarbons emitted by for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone.
Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low level ozone causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of
acid rain. When acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminium (Al). 
When it is washed into lakes, aluminium irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the
lake the pH of the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital
nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil micro
organisms.
 5
To improve comfort and cleanliness at our school, a number of dust bins should be increased.
When we look at classrooms, school corridors and school yard, there are paper mineral water cups, straws, and napkins
here and there. The condition of uncleanliness and discomfort really hinders learning and teaching environment. Litters thrown
carelessly cause disease, especially empty plastic cup or glasses. They can be filled out with water coming from the rain. This
can be placed for dengue mosquitoes to spread out. Besides, these rubbish can deteriorate the scene. Well painted wall and
green school yard do not mean anything litters are scattered everywhere.
Anyway I notice that most of the students in our school have responsibilities for the school environment. They put their
litters on the proper places. But some are not diligent enough to find the dust bins. The numbers of dust binds in our schools
are not enough. Ore dust bins should be put beside each of steps, outside of the classrooms, and some more also the corridors.
Probably one dust bin should be in every ten meters. So when students want to throw away their litters, they can find the dust
bins easily.
When school is equipped with sufficient dust bins, we do not have problems of freak and discomfort any more. Our
school will be very clean and become a nice place to study.
6
From the beginning of 2020, the world has been in an emergency status following the
outbreak of an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The disease, known as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as of today (May 2020) has killed
247 thousand people worldwide. There are 3.5 million confirmed cases in 210 countries and
territories around the world. But how do people get infected by COVID-19?
COVID-19 is a respiratory disease; therefore, it is mainly transmitted through "respiratory
droplets", droplets of virus-laden mucus that are ejected when symptomatic people sneeze or
cough. To prevent these droplets from falling on people is why it is advised for us to maintain 2-
metre distance from each other. Wearing face masks is also important to prevent ejection the
droplets and reduce the chance of incidentally inhaling them.
Transmission by contact is also a possible route of the infection. Viral particles from the
respiratory droplets land on an object, someone touches the object, then touches their mouth, eyes,
or nose. The virus then slips into their body via their mucous membrane, infecting the person.  
More studies are still being conducted to this day to learn more about the virus, how it is
spread, and how to stop it. So far, the most effective way to cut the routes of transmission is by
maintaining physical distance and avoiding prolonged contact.
7

Everybody should change their way of life to reduce global warming. There are several
things that we can do. One of them is by buying and consuming fresh local groceries as
much as possible. It of course includes local vegetables, fruits, bread, etc.
Local groceries don’t need much transportation to get it into the market. It of course
means, the amount of carbon dioxide produced is less than the groceries from other region.
Therefore, by buying local groceries we are helping reduce the amount of carbon dioxide
produced.
Consuming fresh groceries instead of frozen ones are healthier for us. Furthermore,
fresh food or groceries means no requirements for it to be freeze up. It means that no
electricity is needed and saving energy means reducing carbon dioxide and money.
So, from now on we should consume fresh local groceries to reduce global warming.
8
Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world. It is also
providing suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems. In addition, rain water is also
for hydroelectric power as well as plants and crop irrigation. Rain provides us life.
However, how does rain happen?
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of the water
cycle involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface
water to evaporate. The water vapor then rises into the Earth’s atmosphere. The
water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets
grow until they are heavy and fall to the earth.
When the droplets fall to the earth, it is called rain. The rain can be in the form
of water or snow. However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates
while falling through dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen
in hot, dry desert regions.
9

Most of our planet’s surface is covered in water – salt water. The oceans that support so much of
Earth’s life are around 3.5% sodium chloride – 50 million billion tones of salt.

But where does it come from? While some of it comes from volcanic vents or rocks on the
seabed, most of it is actually from the land around us. Every time it rains, tiny amounts of mineral
salts are washed into rivers, which eventually flow into the sea.
The salt in rivers is less than 1/200th the amount usually found in seawater. It becomes more
concentrated in the ocean, as the Sun’s heat causes water from the surface to evaporate, leaving the
salt behind. Extra salt added every year from rivers is balanced by salt which returns to the sea floor.
But salinity isn’t the same everywhere. Towards the poles, water is not as salty because it’s
diluted by melting ice, while the extra heat in the tropics makes water there saltier – and denser.
10

As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.
Firstly, cars, as we all know contribute the most of pollution in the world. Cars emit a
deadly gas causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and trigger of asthma. Some of
these illness are so bad that people can die from them.
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander every where and cars commonly hit
pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.
Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night,
or concentrate in your homework, and especially talk to someone.
In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.
11
Opera has officially launched the best phone web browser world widely. I’ve been
using it since last summer.
Here are the things that separate Opera Mini out from other applications. Opera Mini
is small and easy to download and install. Beside that Opera has made the process simple
by providing direct access to download, no registration or multiple page view needed.
Opera Mini’s speed of downloading is incredible. It makes GPRS seem a lot faster. It
compresses and down-sizes of picture on the server but not every web page will looks
perfect. The header image on my blog doesn’t show up.
I think Opera has done an amazing job. I expect huge things from this. I bet you
could easily base a new web-based business around this browser. Opera Mini is just
about the best browser I’ve ever seen on mobile phone.
12
The term social distancing is familiar in our ears since it is often mentioned nowadays.
Is social distancing really important? Yes, it is important for us to protect ourselves amid
the pandemic. According to CDC, social distancing is “keeping a safe space between
yourself and people who are not from your household”. The government urges us to do
social distancing in the midst of pandemic to inhibit or break the chain of the spread of the
corona virus. Many of companies and schools are closed and people are working and
studying at home. Events involving a large number of people are also prohibited. These are
the ways to prevent us from the exposure of the virus. Some might argue that as long as we
wash our hands and wear masks, it is okay to go outside or even go on vacation. However,
social distancing can help us in combating coronavirus. CDC also says that social
distancing “helps limit opportunities to come in contact with contaminated surfaces and
infected people outside the home”. This can remind us that social distancing is not a trivial
thing which people can ignore. Finally, we must always keep a distance whenever we go
outside to do something urgent. Always wear mask and keep a distance with people. We
should avoid attending any event that involve many people and most importantly, stay at
home.
13

Everybody must pay attention of drugs. Drugs are very dangerous for us. Why it is very dangerous for us?
Because its can caused harm to our body.
In terms of health, many organs in our body can be harm because using drug. In general, the impact of
using drug are can unconscious, make us hallucinate, can harm our nerve, and cause addictive effect. Beside
that, using drugs can make the users depressed, liver disease, schizophrenia, blockage of blood vessels,
dehydration, optic nerve damage, brain damage, and finally it can cause death!
When viewed in terms of Islamic law, drugs are forbidden. Because it is cause badness, self harm,
debilitate. And Islam proscribes all that can cause badness, self harm because it is included zhalim. Also if we
using drugs, it means we already do the forbidden things in Islam, it means we sin. So, in terms of Islamic law,
using drugs also dangerous.
Furthermore, if the users of drugs are teenagers, it can endanger their future, and endanger their homeland,
their country. From the data, 32 percent of drugs users in Indonesia are teenagers, so, if many teenagers –in this
case Indonesia- use drugs, it can be endanger this country, harm youth generation, whereas youths are nation
expectation. If the youth using drugs, our nation can be destroy!
So, from now on we must pay attention of drugs, because it’s very dangerous, both in terms of health,
religion (Islam), nationality and state.
14
A lot of people, especially teenagers, who do not smoke, always want to try smoking. They know it is bad
for them and all, but it is just something they want to try. So they ask one of their smoker friends for a cigarette.
Admittedly, they firstly can not light it on their own so they ask his friend to do it. Then they inhale that cigarette
and smoke occasionally.
Apparently that makes them the born smokers. Now they do smoke fairly regularly. They can not avoid
smoking and they enjoy too. They have smoker friends. Everyday they bring a pack in their pocket. For them, a
pack of cigarette is as important as a wallet for their money.
Suddenly, for certain reason, they realize the fact that tobacco is the cause of a long list of nasty diseases. It
is not only heart disease, stroke, and chronic lung disease but also bladder, lung, and pancreatic cancer. Even it
was reported that around 400,000 Americans died each year. It was one every 80 seconds from tobacco-related
illnesses.
Then they decide it is stupid to harm selves. They want to quit smoking. Unfortunately, they find that
quitting smoking is so difficult. “Why can’t I stop smoking? I really want to stop it”. It is hard to quit because
nicotine is powerfully addictive. Cigarette is one of the most efficient drug-delivery devices ever devised. As
result, when people try to quit smoking, they often experience classic nicotine withdrawal symptoms such as
anxiety, irritability, headache, depression, and restlessness.
Well, still want to try smoke? Think the facts before trying! If you are not smoker, you should never and
never try to smoke.
15
Soon after he left college, Dave found one of his uncles who was very rich
and had no children of his own died and left him a lot of money, so he decided
to set up his own real estate agency.
Dave found a nice office. He bought some new furniture and moved in. he had
only been there for e few hours when he heard someone coming toward the
door of his office.
“It must be my first customer” Dave thought. He quickly picked up the
telephone and pretended to be very busy answering an important call from
someone in New York who wanted to buy a big and expensive house in the
country.
The man knocked at the door while this was going on. He came in and
waited politely for Dave to finish his conversation on the phone. Then the man
said to Dave; “I am from the telephone company and I was sent here to
connect your telephone”
16
The Covid-19 pandemic affects many aspects of our lives, including school. Schools
are held online at students’ respective home. However, there is a discourse that schools will
be reopened in July 2020 or January 2021. Many parents are worried their children will
have to return to school in the near future. It is because some local governments have
included plans for reopening schools in the new normal policy. For example, Central Java
Education and Culture Office will enforce the implementation of the new normal in its
region starting July 2020. Some options emerges such as imposing a shifting system,
limiting the number of students, and implementing existing health protocols. On the other
hand, epidemiologist dr. Dicky Budiman advises not to open the school until the situation
gets better. He says that schools reopening is risky, and it probably rises to the second wave
of the coronavirus. The students can go back to schools only if the preparation is done and
screening process is fulfilled. Furthermore, if the screening process is not fulfilled, schools
reopening is not recommended for it is dangerous. In the end, Offline School can only be
done if the situation in our country gets better, or zero case. Since the case is still rising
these days, online school is the best option to avoid the new cluster.
17
Rain is the essential wellspring of new water for most zones of the world, giving
suitable conditions to assorted biological systems, and in addition water for hydroelectric
force plants and harvest watering system.

The marvel of downpour is really a water circle. The idea of the water cycle includes the
sun warming the Earth’s surface water and bringing about the surface water to vanish. The
water vapor ascends into the Earth’s environment. The water in the climate cools and
gathers into fluid beads. The beads develop until they are substantial and tumble to the earth
as precipitation which can be as downpour or snow.

On the other hand, not all downpour achieves the surface. Some dissipates while falling
through dry air. This is called virga, a marvel which is regularly seen in hot, dry desert
18

Drug users are actually ill people who need help. Rehabilitation is one of the main things
they should get. Instead of punishing drug users in prisons, the government should provide
rehabilitation for them.

Most users are actually victims of persuasive peddlers and they suffer from consuming
the drugs. Therefore, by rehabilitating them, we are actually helping them out from traps,
which they might accidentally step on.

If we only arrest drug users and send them to jail, this doesn't solve the problem as drug
users will still be addicted unless proper rehabilitation is imposed to them. Providing
rehabilitation programs for drug users and forcing them to participate in the programs is
better than only arresting them and doing nothing to their illness. Only drug dealers,
traffickers, and wholesalers should be imprisoned.  
19
I went to Bogor with my teachers and my friends. It was a study tour actually. Study tour
was held when I was junior high school. That was my first time I went to Puncak, Bogor. My
teacher, my class friends, and I were in the same bus. We left our school at 10 p.m. trip to
Puncak from Cirebon was about 7 hours. After 7 hours on the way, finally we arrived in Bogor. It
was about 5.00 am. We stopped in a mosque to pray first. Some of my friends took a bath in
the mosque. But, I just brushed my teeth and washed my face because there was so cold. It
made me lazy to touch the water. After that, we went to a restaurant to have breakfast. I was
so hungry. Then, we went to Taman Safari, Bogor. We saw animal collection there. The animal
collection was very complete. In Taman Safari, every Sunday there is an animal circus and
fortunately we visited Taman safari on Sunday. So, we could watch the animal circus there. The
animal circus was very funny and made us entertained. After watching the animal circus we
went back to the bus and we went to the villa to take a rest. In villa my friends and I swam
together. In the next day, we left Bogor to visit Bandung. The journey from Bogor to Bandung
was abut 3 hours. It was a funny journey because I spent all of my time with my friends, like
playing games, laughing, and kidding. I felt that all of my tiredness had gone all suddenly when
we arrived in Bandung. In Bandung, we visited Cihampelas. Cihampelas was a very busy street.
There were so many factory outlets there. We used that moment to buy some clothes and
souvenirs there. After from Cihampelas. We went home to our city. Study tour made me very
tired, but I was very happy because I could spend many time with my friends.
20
The blue whale is not only the biggest whale living today; the blue whale is the biggest
creature ever to have lived on Earth. They are mind-bogglingly gigantic; much larger than
any of the dinosaurs. Blue whales and the other ocean giants live their whole lives in
seawater.
Blue whales commonly reach the colossal length of 29m, that’s roughly as long as three
London red double-decker buses parked end to end. Blue whales in the Southern
Hemisphere are generally larger than those in the Northern Hemisphere and female blues
are larger than males.
The longest blue whale on record is a female measured at a South Georgia whaling
station in the South Atlantic (1909); she was 33.58m. The heaviest blue whale was also a
female hunted in the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, on 20 March 1947. She tipped the scales
at 190 tones which is equivalent to about 30 elephants or 2500 people.
Blue whales are now extremely rare due to uncontrolled commercial whaling. Some
populations could be endangered to the point of extinction.