Empowerment

Technologie Prepared by:

s Paul Jerome S. Ricablanca

 Empowerment

Module 1: Technologie
Information and Communications Technology
s
Today
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Evolution of ICT

The beginning of ICT can be traced back when

human started to use objects to communicate
one another. with

Four main periods in history that dividThee the deerviac

of ICT: technologies, and
processes thates,
- premechanical enjoy humans
- mechanical products of
today a
of improvements
centuries and
re
- electromechanical innovations built on
- electronic foundations prepared
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
- around 3000 BCE to 1450 CE
- humans started communicating with one another
using words and pictograms curved in rocks
- started to write symbols as substitutes for
pictures to depict ideas, objects, and animals
- when paper was finally produced from the
papyrus plant, storing of information was
revolutionized
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
-compiled records written on pieces of paper
and bound them together, giving birth to books
-books needed to be compiled and stored
in areas, libraries were created
-libraries were considered the first
data centers in history
-in the late stages, humans started using the
numerical system
-humans started to optimize and invent devices
and techniques in counting
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Premechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
-served as the bridge between our current and the
premechanical period
- started around 1450 – 1840
-interest in automating and speeding up numerical
calculations grew
-concentrated on the development of machines that
will enhance calculation speed
-the advent of the mechanical calculator called
Pascaline, invented by the famous
mathematician inventor Blaise Pascal along with
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
-Charles Babbage, a mathematician invented the
Analytical Engine which is considered as the
first programmable mechanical computer
-This invention earned him the title “Father
of the Computers”
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Mechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
Telegraph
-first device to use electricity to transmit
information over an electrical media
-first invented in 1837 by William Cooke and
Sir Charles Wheatstone
-the first working model used five magnetic
needles that could be pointed around set of
letters and numbers by using electric current
- in 1844, American inventor Samuel Morse
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
Telegraph
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
Telegraph
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
-humans were not satisfied with simply
transmitting symbols or letters
-became fascinated with the idea of voice
transmission
-in 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was granted
the patent for the telephone
-the telephone converts sounds into
electricity and enables the telephone
network to transmit it over copper wires
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electromechanical Period
-computing devices started to revolutionize
information handling and processing
-machines were mechanical in nature but were
run by electricity
-machines were intended to encode and transmit
information over telegraph lines
- used in the Second World War to avoid
information being intercepted by the
enemy
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
- started in the 1940s and continues to
present the
- focused on the advent of solid state
or electronic devices devices

Four main events:

 vacuum tube machines
- Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
(ENIAC) is the first and general
purpose electronic revolutionary
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 vacuum tube machines
- ENIAC was a big machine that occupied an area
of 167 square meters. Its processing speed was
slower than those of machines today
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

ENIAC computer
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Periods of ICT Today
The Electronic Period
Four main events:
 transistor
- was invented in 1947
- it is an electronic device with properties and
functions similar to vacuum tubes but it is
lightweight and faster
- foundation of every electronic device today
- you can find transistor for every electronic
device
- full transistor computer was developed in 1957
and was faster than vacuum computer
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 transistor
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 integrated circuit (IC)
- American engineer Jack Kilby introduced the
IC
-it is a device that is composed of a group of
transistors and circuit elements compressed in a
single package
- it revolutionized the use of computers and
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 integrated circuit (IC)
- it is integrated in a chip or a
package,
single limiting the distances between
components, resulting in a faster operating speed
- smaller devices intended for information
processing and communication were developed
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 integrated circuit (IC)
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 integrated circuit (IC)
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 computer processor
- constructed in the forms of IC
- PC used these processors to deliver user
applications
- computers are evolving from basic textual
interfaces to GUI
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

Four main events:

 computer processor
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period
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Periods of ICT
The Electronic Period

The fast-paced development and innovations

PC paved in
the way for the birth of different user
applications that introduced ease and comfort for
users.
Internet or World Wide Web is a network which
is the interconnection of computer devices and
equipment.
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INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY

List all the technologies developed from

past years. Group these techonologies the
to the following: according
1. Hardware/software
2. Influence in ICT
3. Generated by electricity
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ICT Today

The fusion of hardware equipment, precise

software, GUI, and effective communications
network the present composition of the
is ICT
network.
World Wide Web (WWW)
- widely used information systems today

- initially intended to
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World Wide Web (WWW)
- widely used information systems today

- initially intended to disseminate

information, but through the years it
because of man’s rising needsevolvedand continuous
usage.
- system that enables you to access
hypertext documents and other over the
files
Internet.
- proposed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989
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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 1.0 (Read-only Web)

-information/hypertext file is accessed by
the user.
-no facilities to interact with it other
than to read or view the content.
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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 1.0 (Read-only Web)

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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 2.0 (Read-and-Write Web)

- need to interact with Web pages
-enabled users/viewers to edit the content
of the files they’re accessing
- blogging
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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 2.0 (Read-and-Write Web)

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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 2.0 (Read-and-Write Web)

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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 3.0 (Semantic Executing Web)

- smarter access of hypertext
files
- enables a wider range of search in a fast
manner
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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 3.0 (Semantic Executing Web)

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World Wide Web (WWW)

Web 3.0 (Semantic Executing Web)

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Social Media

Started together with Web 2.0 and is used in

communicating and socializing with other
application users in virtual communities and
networks.
Allows users tocreate and exchange user-
generated information.

Formats:
- enterprise social networks, forums,
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The effectiveness of social media application

can be measured by its
Virality – defined as the rate of reposting or
sharing photos, pieces of information, or ideas
published in one’s social media profile/page.
Main benefactor:
- businesses, nonprofit organizations, and
special interests groups that use online
marketing and campaigns.
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Social Media
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Oral Recitation

What social media applications affect your day-

to-day activities,
and how did it improve your life?
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Research and Information Seeking

Information sources:
 Web search engines
 Research indexing sites
Massive Online Open Course (MOOC) sites or
tutorial sites
 Employment Web sites
 Electronic commerce (e-commerce)
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Authenticity Verification of Information from the
Web
There are no standards governing the content
publishing on the WWW to ensure correctness
of information.

Ways on how to verify if the information

is trustworthy or legitimate:
 Published author’s name
 Credible Web sites
 Rating, number of viewers, and number of
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Authenticity Verification of Information from the
Web

Oral Recitation
1. What are the Web sites that you frequently
visit?
2. Based on the discussions, assess and compare
the authenticity and reliability of information
of your frequently visited Web sites.
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Online Ethics and Etiquette

Netiquette – is a coined or portmanteau term of

network and etiquette.
Netizen – person who is a member or part of the
online community.

Netiquette
is a set of ideal rules and conduct that a
netizen should observe in communicating and/or
publishing information and materials over the WWW
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Online Ethics and Etiquette

Netiquette
Some key points to keep in mind to maintain good
conduct over the Internet:
 Recognize that youre cyber avatar
 Apply values and conduct learned since
childhood
 Keep in mind that there are laws existing
Participation of people from different countries
with different cultures and religions
Everything published in WWW should be considered as
copyrighted or owned by another individual.
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Online Ethics and Etiquette

Netiquette
Oral Recitation
Are there any instance when you misbehaved
online?

How do you think should you behave now that you

have learned netiquette and proper behavior on
the WWW?
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Online Safety and Security

Threats that can be acquired from connecting

to the WWW:
 Spam
 Phishing
 Malware

A very effective way of avoiding these threats

is verifying the authenticity and credibility
of the Web source.
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Government Provisions for Online Courtesy and
Etiquette

The Philippine government ensures the welfare

of its people in their ICT experience by enacting
various laws and regulations.

Laws that aim to protect the people:

 Republic Act 10627 or Anti-Bullying Act of
2013
Republic Act 10175 or Cybercrime Prevention Act
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Government Provisions for Online Courtesy and
Etiquette
Oral Recitation
Have you witnessed cyberbullying on
social
media?

When can you say that a person is being

cyberbullied?

As a responsible netizen, what is your role in