Chemical Names and

Formulas
Overview
•Metals and Non-Metals
•Ions and Ionic Charges
•Types of Compounds
•Systematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas
Naming Compounds Tutorial

 General Information
 Binary Ionic Compounds
 Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions
 Naming w/metals that have more than 1 charge (Transition Metals)
 Molecular Compounds
 Naming Acids
 Metals and Nonmetals

 Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table

 C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non- metals
 B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi-metals
 All others are metals
Ions
Cations Anions
Positively Negatively
Charged Charged
Atoms Atoms
i.e. Na+ i.e. Cl-
IONIC CHARGES
 Group I A -> 1+

 Group IIA -> 2+

 Group III A -> 3+

 Group IV A -> 4+
IONIC CHARGES
 Group VA -> 3-

 Group VI A -> 2-

 Group VII A -> 1-

 Group VIII A -> Noble Gases

 CHEMICAL FORMULAS

Definition
• shows the kind and numbers of
atoms in the smallest representative
unit of the substance.
 i. e.
NaCl
 TYPES OF COMPOUNDS

Ionic Compounds
• composed of positive and negative
ions.
• usually formed from a metal and non-
metal.
• these elements are not attached
to one another.
TYPES OF COMPOUNDS

Ionic Compounds con’t

• Examples
NaCl
CaBr2
KI
IONIC COMPOUNDS
A formula unit is the lowest whole
number ratio of ions in an ionic
compound.
i.e. Na2/2Cl2/2 -> NaCl
There is no such thing as a
Molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!
IONIC COMPOUNDS

 If charges cancel, just write the symbols

Na+1 Cl-1 NaCl
 If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:
Ca+2 Cl-1 CaCl2
***Do not move the charge, only the
number
***Do not write the 1
NAMING COMPOUNDS

Your ability to name compounds

and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.
BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS

Binary means 2 elements

Ionic means a metal and a non-
metal (or cation and anion)
Writing Formulas
• charges must balance so
compound charge is neutral.
BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS

Writing Formulas from Names

• 1st word = CATION
• 2nd word = root name
ANION with ide ending.
BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS

 NaBr Sodium
Bromide
Magnesium
 MgF2
Fluoride
BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS

Potassium
K+Cl- -> KCl
Chloride
Aluminum
Oxide Al 2
3+O 2- ->
3
Al2O3
• notice ending
of name is ide!
Polyatomic Ions
Definition
•tightly bound groups of atoms
that behave as a unit and carry a
charge.
Example
 SO32-, NO2-, ClO2-
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS

Ternary means 3 different elements

Usually contain Poly-atomic Ions
Ionic means cation and anion
TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Writing
Formulas

Ca2+CO32-

Calcium
CaCO3 Carbonate
Charges canceled.

Just write the symbols

TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: Naming

Ca+2 (NO3)-1
Calcium Nitrate

Notice the charges didn’t cancel so

they criss crossed Ca(NO3)2
Naming with Transition Metals

First word = CATION

Second word = ANION
The Roman numeral will tell you the
charge of the transition metal
Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s charge
is +1
Naming Transition Metals

Copper (I) Cu+1 O-2

Oxide
Cu2O
Writing Formulas with Transition
Metals

FeCl3 Iron (III)

Fe+3 Cl-1 Chloride
FeCl2 Iron (II)
Fe+2 Cl-1 Chloride

*Backwards criss-cross to know the charge/Roman numeral

TYPES OF COMPOUNDS
Molecular Compounds
• composed of molecules in
which elements share
electrons.
• usually composed of 2
nonmetals.
• these elements are attached
MOLECULAR
FORMULA
Definition
• shows the numbers and
kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.
 i. e.
CO
TYPES OF COMPOUNDS

Molecular Compounds con’t

•Examples
CS2
SiO2
BF3
BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDS

Binary means 2 elements

Molecular means 2 non-
metals
NO ionic charges are
present
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds

Prefixes are used to show how

many atoms are present in
each molecule.
Covalent Prefixes

 Hexa – 6
 Mono (or no prefix) – 1
 Hepta – 7
 Di – 2
 Octa – 8
 Tri – 3
 Nona – 9
 Tetra – 4
 Deca – 10
 Penta – 5
Writing Binary Molecular
Compounds

Carbon
CO2 Dioxide
•no mono prefix is used on • Di means 2
first element
oxygens!!
Naming Binary Molecular
Compounds

2 ways it’s done!

• (prefix + element name)
i.e. N2O
NAME: dinitrogen monoxide
Naming Binary Molecular
Compounds

• (prefix + element root + ide)

i.e. PCl3
Phosphorous Trichloride
All binary compounds end in ide!!!