RELATIONS AND

FUNCTIONS
Drill & Review: INTEGERS
Answers:
 K W L
What I Know What I want What I
to know Learned

FUNCTIONS AND
THEIR GRAPHS
 Objectives:
 Differentiate relation from function
 Define or describe a function
 Write functions in ordered pairs, in
table form, through mapping, and in
graph
 Determine the graph of a function
through the vertical line test
Relations & Functions

Relation: a set of ordered pairs

Domain: the set of x-coordinates
Range: the set of y-coordinates

When writing the domain and range, do not

repeat values.
Relations and Functions

Given the relation:

{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0,0), (1, -6), (3, 0)}
State the domain:
D: {0,1, 2, 3}
State the range:
R: {-6, 0, 4}
Relations and Functions
• Relations can be written in several
ways: ordered pairs, table, graph, or
mapping.

• We have already seen relations

represented as ordered pairs.
Table

{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), x y

(-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)} 3 4
7 2
0 -1
-2 2
-5 0
3 3
Mapping

• Create two ovals with the domain on

the left and the range on the right.
• Elements are not repeated.
• Connect elements of the domain with
the corresponding elements in the
range by drawing an arrow.
Mapping

{(2, -6), (1, 4), (2, 4), (0, 0), (1, -6), (3, 0)}

2
-6
1
4
0
0
3
Functions

• A function is a relation in which the

members of the domain (x-values)
DO NOT repeat.
• So, for every x-value there is only
one y-value that corresponds to it.
• y-values can be repeated.
Functions

• A function is a correspondence or a
relation between two sets X and Y in
which each element of set X
corresponds to exactly one element of
set Y. The domain is set X
(independent variable) and the range
is set Y (dependent variable).
Do the ordered pairs represent a
function?
{(3, 4), (7, 2), (0, -1), (-2, 2), (-5, 0), (3, 3)}
No, 3 is repeated in the domain.

{(4, 1), (5, 2), (8, 2), (9, 8)}

Yes, no x-coordinate is repeated.
Graphs of a Function
Vertical Line Test:
If a vertical line is passed over
the graph and it intersects the
graph in exactly one point, the
graph represents a function.
Does the graph represent a function?
Name the domain and range.
Yes
x

Yes
x

y
Does the graph represent a function?
Name the domain and range.
No
x

No
x

y
Does the graph represent a function?
Name the domain and range.
Yes
x

No
x

y
 Activity:
 Answer Learning Activity A Set A numbers
1 -10.
Function Notation

• When we know that a relation is a

function, the “y” in the equation can
be replaced with f(x).
• f(x) is simply a notation to designate a
function. It is pronounced ‘f’ of ‘x’.
• The ‘f’ names the function, the ‘x’ tells
the variable that is being used.
Value of a Function

Since the equation y = x - 2

represents a function, we can also
write it as f(x) = x - 2.
Find f(4):
f(4) = 4 - 2
f(4) = 2
Value of a Function

If g(s) = 2s + 3, find g(-2).

g(-2) = 2(-2) + 3
=-4 + 3
= -1
g(-2) = -1
Value of a Function

If h(x) = x2 - x + 7, find h(2c).

h(2c) = (2c)2 – (2c) + 7
= 4c2 - 2c + 7
Value of a Function

If f(k) = k2 - 3, find f(a - 1)

f(a - 1)=(a - 1)2 - 3
(Remember FOIL?!)
=(a-1)(a-1) - 3
= a2 - a - a + 1 - 3
= a2 - 2a - 2