16变压器异常运行及事故处理

山东丽村电站技术有限公司
Shandong Licun Power Plant Technology Co., Ltd.
变压器异常运行及事故处理
 变压器运行中声音异常、温度异常、油位异常的原
因及处理：值班人员在变压器运行中发现有异常现
象，应尽快消除，并及时汇报值长和有关领导，处
理情况应记入记录薄内。 The cause and
treatment of abnormal sound, temperature
anomaly and oil level anomalies are as
followings. If the personnel on duty find
abnormal phenomenon in transformer
operation, they should clean up as soon as
possible, report to the leaders timely and
ensure the abnormal phenomenon to be
noted in the record books.
变压器有下列情况之一应立即停止运行
 （ 1 ）内部声响很大，有爆裂声；
 （ 2 ）在负荷及冷却条件正常下，变压器温度升高超过极
限，温度计指示正确；
 （ 3 ）油柜及压力释放阀喷油，严重漏油，使油面下降；
 The situations of putting into standby transformers immediately
when accident happens are as followings.
 1) Internal sounds great and have a popping sound;
 2) The temperature of the transformer exceeds the limit but the
thermometer indicates correctly in normal load and cooling
conditions;
 3) Oil tanks and pressure release valves have serious oil
leakage making oil drop;
 （ 4 ）套管严重破裂及放电，并有可能对地或相间
短路；（ 5 ）着火或变压器附近着火，爆炸或发生
其他情况对变压器构成严重威胁；（ 6 ）发生危及
到变压器安全的故障，而变压器有关保护拒动。
 4) Casing is rupturing and discharging
seriously and possible short circuit to earth
or interphase;
 5) Fire, explosion or other situations threat
to the transformer;
 6) The occurrence of transformer fault
endangers the safety but the protection
fails to operate
轻瓦斯保护动作
 现象：（ 1 ）微机报文“ⅹⅹⅹ轻瓦斯动
作”，同时发出音响；
 （ 2 ）瓦斯继电器内有气体；
 （ 3 ）变压器温度有可能升高。
 处理：（ 1 ）复归音响；
 （ 2 ）检查油位、油温、油色是否正常，有无渗漏油现象，油面是否低于瓦斯继电器等
情况，以此判断动作原因；
 （ 3 ）排除瓦斯继电器内的气体，同时收集气体进行检查，并进行鉴别试验；
 （ 4 ）检查直流回路、二次回路是否故障误动作；
 （ 5 ）是否震动大影响而误动作。 Light gas and heavy gas protection
processing
 Light gas protection processing is as followings: 1) Restoration of sound; 2)
Check the oil level, the oil temperature oil surface, oil leakage phenomenon
or not and whether oil level is lower than the gas relay and so on in order to
judge cause of action; 3) Exhaust the gas relay, collect gas to be examined
and do identification test; 4) Check DC circuit and the second circuit whether
is fault or not; 5) Check whether the vibration leads to malfunction.
重瓦斯保护动作
 （ 1 ）微机报文“ ××× 重瓦斯动作”，发
出报文，语言提示事故告警；
 （ 2 ）故障变所属各开关掉闸，模拟屏各侧
开关显示跳闸的绿灯亮，有关变压器指示到
零。
 处理：（ 1 ）复归音响，若厂用变掉闸，则备用变应自动投入，若
不能自动投入立即强送，尽快恢复厂用电；
 （ 2 ）若为主变重瓦斯保护动作跳闸，跳闸前发电机在运行状态时
，应密切监视，并调整有功，无功使发电机保持稳定运行； Heavy
gas protection processing is as followings: 1) Restoration of
sound. If the auxiliary transformer is tripping operation, the
standby transformer should start to serve automatically.
Otherwise restore electricity power by force as soon as; 2) If
heavy gas protection of the main transformer tripping and
the generator in the running state before tripping, they
should be monitored closely to maintain the generator stable
operation by adjusting the active and reactive power;
 （ 3 ）检查故障变压器自身有无破裂，喷油，着火等现象；
 （ 4 ）取放瓦斯继电器内气体，检查分析，并做如下处理
 3) Check the fault transformer whether it has rupture,
fuel injection and ignition or not; 4) Emit gas in the
gas relay and do examination and analysis. ：
 第一、若气体是无色，无臭和不可燃的，则将气体排出后，重新
将变压器投入运行；
 第二、若气体是白色，有强烈臭味，但不可燃的气体，则说明绝
缘材料损伤，将气体排出可暂时投入运行；
 第三、若气体是可燃的，则变压器不得投入运行；
 （ 5 ）取绝缘油化验是否正常；
 （ 6 ）检查二次回路、摇测绝缘电阻；
 （ 7 ）经检查，一切无异常后，可以对变压
器进行冲击试验。
变压器过流保护动作的处理
 若主变压器跳闸，则应调整有、无功保证发电机稳定运行；投入备用
变压器；当发电机停运，备用变压器又投不上时，应采取措施保证该
段的厂用电；检查过电流保护范围内的设备，当无明显故障，并确认
保护误动作时，可投入变压器运行；复归过电流保护信号。 Over-
current protection processing of transformers
 Firstly pull switch to the tripping position, the green lights
will be luminous. If the main transformer is tripping, we
should adjust active and reactive power to ensure stable
operation of the generator. Then put the standby
transformer into use. When the generator shutdown and the
standby transformer could not be used, measures should be
taken to ensure the plant electric power. Besides check
devices in the protection of over current. If no fault and
confirm the maloperation of the protection, the transformer
can be put into operation and return the signals of over
current protection.
变压器着火处理
 （ 1 ）当变压器着火时，继电保护装置应动作，跳开变压器高低压侧的断路
器。若保护未动作，应手动跳开变压器高低压侧断路器，并拉开高低压侧的
刀闸或摇出手车，停用冷却风扇，并进行灭火，汇报相关领导；（ 2 ）将备
用变投运；（ 3 ）灭火时，应有专人指挥，严格遵守“电气消防规程”有关
规定；（ 4 ）火势较大时，立即通知消防队； The treatment of
transformers getting fire is as following:
 1) When the transformer is on fire, relay protection should be in
action and circuit breakers of high and low voltage sides be
tripping off. If the protection does not work, the circuit breakers
should be tripped off manually. Besides we should pull the knife
gates or shake hand cart, deactivate the cooling fan, put out the
fire and report to the leaders;
 2) Put standby transformers into use;
 3) When putting out the fire, it should be charged by specially-
assigned person electric fire regulations and the relevant
provisions should be abide by strictly;
 4) When the fire is getting big, we should notify the fire brigade
immediately
 （ 5 ）用 CO2 、泡沫灭火器灭火，严禁用水灭火。灭火时人体、灭火器、喷
嘴与带电设备保持一定的安全距离， 10KV 不小于 0.4 米， 35KV 不小于 0.6
米；（ 6 ）若是变压器顶盖上着火，应打开变压器下部放油阀，放到油面距变
压器顶盖有一定距离，该距离为不足以引起油燃烧爆炸的程度； 5) CO2
and foam extinguishers could be used and water fire
extinguisher should be banned. When fire extinguishing, the
fire extinguisher nozzle, human body, and electrical
equipments should be separated for certain distance, which
is no less than 0.4meters for 10KV and no less than
0.6meters for 35KV;
 6) If the transformer cover gets fire, open the lower
discharging oil valve and make sure the oil surface from the
cover in a certain distance, which is not sufficient to cause
oil combustion and explosion;
 （ 6 ）若是变压器顶盖上着火，应打开变压器下部放油阀，放到油面
距变压器顶盖有一定距离，该距离为不足以引起油燃烧爆炸的程度；
（ 7 ）若变压器内部着火，则不能放油，因为放油后，空气进入变压
器内会加剧燃烧条件，导致变压器爆炸等事故；（ 8 ）灭火时人员应
站在上风向，灭火后，开启通风排烟机。 6) If the transformer
cover gets fire, open the lower discharging oil valve and
make sure the oil surface from the cover in a certain
distance, which is not sufficient to cause oil combustion and
explosion;
 7) If the inside of transformers gets fire, do not discharge
oil for the air could enter the transformer and aggravate the
combustion leading to transformer explosion;
 8) When extinguishing the fire, we should stand on the
upwind direction and open the ventilation and smoke
exhausting machine after the fire is put out.

16变压器异常运行及事故处理

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16变压器异常运行及事故处理

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山东丽村电站技术有限公司

Shandong Licun Power Plant Technology Co., Ltd.

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