Content List:

Selection of site – Basic functions of buildings – Major components of

buildings. Foundations: Purpose of foundation – Bearing capacity of soils
Skills Addressed:
Reading, Questioning, Drawing mind map, Summarizing, Discussion,
Drawing Diagram, Expressing orally and in writing
Objectives:
Students will be able to acquire knowledge on the requirements of a
foundation and understand the importance of safe bearing capacity of
soils and the parameters governing the selection of site.
Alpha Breathing : (2 Mins)
The three steps for alpha breathing are
Breathe in
Breathe out
Hold
(Repeat the three steps for 8 times)
Evocation : (5 mins )
Building and its components

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Today’s topic
 Selection of site – Basic functions
of buildings – Major components of
buildings.
Selection of site:

 Soil at the building site should not be made up soil.

 Buildings constructed over such soil may undergo
differential settlement.
 Site should not be an undulated ground.
 Site should have its general slope for easy drainage.
 Civic services such as main water supply, electrical
lines, telephone lines, drainage servers should be
nearer to the site.
 Ground water table in the site should not be high.
 Selection of site:

 Type of building also affects the site

selection.
 - Industrial building – outside the
city.
 - Residential building – nearer to
school.
 Site should provide sufficient light & air
 Site should not be in depression.
 If site is sloping it should rise towards
back.
Selection of site: (Residential)

Site should be connected with good

communication lines.
It should posses good soil at reasonable depth.
Site should be adequate to accommodate all
the essential accessories required in the
building.
Site should not be located near workshop &
factories.
Site along sea shore is good for entertainment
but the breeze affects the health. Also metallic
fittings are liable to corrode.
 Selection of site (Industrial):

For industrial building the site selected

should be such that:
- Raw materials must be available near.
- Labour availability should be ensured.
- Site must have enough space for expansion
-Suitable disposal plant to treat the solid &
liquid waste must be available.
-Topographical features of the site are to be
considered.
Basic functions of buildings
- Should provide Comfort to
the occupants.
- Should protect the occupants
from natural calamities such
as heavy rain, storm etc.,
- Should provide safety for

the occupants and their

valuables.
- Proper ventilation and light
Major Components of buildings
 1. Foundation
 2. Brick/ stone masonry
 3. Columns
 4. Beams
 5. Lintels
 6. Roofing
 7. Flooring
 8. Plastering
Foundation
Brick & stone masonry
Columns
Beams
Lintels
Roofing
Flooring
Plastering
Brain Activation: (2 mins)
Solving puzzles

15 Black   and 15 white socks are in a box in a dark room.

1.How many pairs of socks are there?

2.What minimum numbers should be brought to the light for a pair
of socks

Ans: 1. 14 pairs and 1 odd pair

2. 3 numbers
Reading and Study by students: (15-18 mins)
Text Book
Title of the Book/Author Palanichamy M S, Basic Civil
Engineering, Tata McGraw
Hill, 2011.
Page No. From: 4.10 To: 4.17

Higher order questions:

1.List out the components of a building

2.State the functions of foundations

3.Explain the selection criteria of site for

buildings in the case of a swampy land and forest
land
Discussion: (9 mins)
1.Selection of site – factors influenced

2.Foundation and its importance on SBC

Importance of bearing capacity
Mind Map: (5-7 mins)
Summary: (5 mins)
Components of a building
•Foundation
•Brick/ stone masonry
•Beams
•Columns
•Lintels
•Roofing
•Flooring
•Plastering
Selection of Site
•Soil at the building site should not be made up soil.
•Buildings constructed over such soil may undergo differential
settlement.
•Site should not be an undulated ground.
•Site should have its general slope for easy drainage.
•Civic services such as main water supply, electrical lines, telephone
lines,
•Drainage servers should be nearer to the site.
•Ground water table in the site should not be high.
Gazing/Rote memory: (2 mins)
A long and fixed look at the Mind map by the students
before doing the presentation
Assessment:
Presentation:
1. Components of a building
2. Selection criteria of a site
3. Foundations and its functions

Learning outcomes:
By Learning this topic student will be able to
understand the components of a building and
understand the selection criteria for a building
site
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K Y
AN
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