Cyber Security

Introduction to Computer Network

 Motivation
• Internet is a part of our daily routine.
• Most of the peoples are working with
computer on daily basis.
• Majority people are using smart phone with
internet connection.
• All your financial, social and personal data are
on smart phones and computers.
 Objective
• By learning this course, you will be able
1. To understand need of cyber security.
2. To protect your smart phones from various
malicious attacks.
3. To protect your computer from virus, worm and
other attacks.
4. To secure your digital information .
5. To understand cyber crime and law in India.
 Methodology
• Why
 Need to learn
• What
 Definition, Meaning, is all about
• How
 Performance, Implementation, Simulation,
Development
 Prerequisite Knowledge
• You should know basic of computer network.

• How to install operating system and software.

• You should have basic knowledge of

programming in C Language.
 Internet – You can not leave without it

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Basic of Computer Network
 Analogy – Human Communication
• Person to Person. • Computer to Computer.
• Language – Word and • Protocols – Binary data
grammar. and procedure to send
• Medium – Air. data.
• Share feeling, emotion, • Medium – Wire and Air.
thoughts. • Share files, command,
• Security – Trust, Honest text, picture.
and reliable. • Security - Antivirus,
Firewall, Digital
Certificate.
 Design – Computer Network.
• To send a data from one computer to another
computer on network, we require address – IP
Address.
• To reach to a specific IP address, we need to
find a way – Routing.
• To do flow control, error control and
multiplexing, we require procedure – TCP
Protocol.
 Building Block of Networks
• Hosts.
• Communication Links.
• Devices – Switch & Router
• IP Address.
• MAC Address.
• Port Address.
• HTTP, FTP and Telnet.
Host
 Communication Links
• Transmission medium used for transmission of Data in form
of Packet with particular transmission rate.
 Router
• A network device which takes the packet from connected
communication link and forward it based on destination.
 Switch
• Connecting multiple hosts.
 IP Address
• Version – Ipv4 (32 Bit) and Ipv6 (128 Bit)
• Used to send packet from one computer to
another computer.
• Router uses IP address to find destination.
 MAC Address
• 48 Bit Address.
• Unique in World.
• Printed on Ethernet Card.
• Switch uses MAC address to send data on LAN.
 Network Port – Process (S/W)
• A network port is a number that identifies one side
of a connection between two computers.
• Computer network use port numbers to determine
to which process or application a message should be
delivered.
 ISP
• Internet Service Provider
A Local Area Network (LAN)
 Networks: Purpose
• Sharing files
– FTP, NFS, SMB
• Communicating
– E-Mail, instant messaging, games
• Executing programs remotely
– rlogin, telnet
 Network Messaging
• Most local area networks use electrostatic
network hardware
– The wires transmit messages using electricity
– The transmission hardware charges the wire
positively or negatively to indicate 1 and 0
respectively
– The reception hardware senses the charge
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 Network Parameters
• The following are common parameters that need to
be set in a networked computer:
– DNS Servers (e.g. 137.207.32.32)
• The logical (e.g. IP) address of the DNS servers to be used to
resolve domain names
• These can be local (e.g. frankie.csfac8.uwindsor.ca) or remote (e.g.
www.google.ca)
– Host and domain information
• This includes the computer’s name (e.g. elvis) and the domain on
which it resides (e.g. csfac8.uwindsor.ca)
 Network Parameters
– Logical address (e.g. IP address: 137.207.132.21)
• This address is required to participate on a WAN, such as the
Internet
– Subnet mask (e.g. 255.255.0.0)
• This is the binary mask that should be used to extract the network
and subnet information from the host’s address
– Default gateway (e.g. 137.207.32.2)
• This is the logical (e.g. IP) address of the router which should
receive the host’s Internet-bound packets
• All of these values would be given to a computer’s
user by a network administrator
Next Time, Security