PC_1

• Punjab
• Expansion and Strengthening
– Recording elite cows
– Provision of motorcycles
– Semen evaluations at selected AI centers
– Storage equipment
– Operational funds –Two SPU
– Semen distribution
– Possibility of Public Private partnership
 Output (Punjab)
• Mid term • Long term
• Registration of 500
• Registration of 800
additional farmers in additional farmers in
Punjab(PTP) Punjab(PTP)
• Two calf raising centres • Two calf raising centers
strengthening strengthening
• 1500 market oriented • 3000 market oriented
farmers and 500 farmers and 1000
progressive farmers progressive farmers
 PC-I - Sindh

• Public-private partnership- Kundhi, Red Sindhi

• Establishment of Calf Raising Center and SPU
(one each in public and private)
• Funds on cost sharing basis (Capital +
Operational)
– Mobility and semen evaluation equipment
– Purchase of male calves from other provinces
 Out put (Sindh)
• Mid term • Long term
• Registration of 300 • Registration of 600
additional farmers additional farmers
(PTP) (PTP)
• One calf raising center • Two calf raising
established centers established
• 500,000 frozen semen
doses from Proven
bulls.
Planning genetic
improvement
strategies.
 PTP (SINDH)

Area Identification Govt. of

 Home tract of Breeds Sindh
STEP 1 LDDB
 Availability of AI infra structure L&FD

STEP 2  Print Media  list of Farmers

 Electronic Media  Population of Animal
 SARC Report Breed-wise
Identification of Farmers

Facilities already
Criteria for Farmer available with L&FD
Selection  A.I Center
STEP 3  10 lactating  Dist. Vet officers
animals  Stock Assistant
 Animal Breeder  Livestock inspector
 Not having Bull or  SPU (Rohri, Karachi)
Promises for AI  Res Farms
(Space for LDDB Staff)

 Selection of
Working Mechanism
Farmers Facilitation to
 Agreement with Farmers
STEP 4 Registered  A.I( Subsidized )
 Milk Recording
 Vaccination De-
Farmers
 Milk Recording
worming (SA)
 Fodder Seed
(VLWs, CP)  Silage Making  AI

 Calf Raising Center  Data Computerization

 Data Analysis
 SPU Facilitation  Genetic Evaluation
 Equipment  Selection of Bull Mother +  Young bulls to
 Semen Evaluation quality calves
STEP 5  O&M Fund (limited)
Calf Raising
Centre
 Mobility (Limited)  SPU

STEP 6  Calf Raising Centre

 SPU (limited Help)
Semen Doses
 PTP (SINDH)

Diagrammatic presentation of PTP

Area Identification Govt. of
 Home tract of Breeds Sindh
STEP 1 LDDB
 Availability of AI infra structure L&FD

STEP 2  Print Media  list of Farmers

 Electronic Media  Population of Animal
 SARC Report Breed-wise
Identification of Farmers

Facilities already
available with L&FD
Criteria for Farmer  A.I Center
STEP 3 Selection
 10 lactating
 Dist. Vet officers
 Stock Assistant
animals  Livestock inspector
 Animal Breeder  SPU (Rohri, Karachi)
 Not having Bull or  Res Farms
Promises for AI (Space for LDDB Staff)

 Selection of
Working Mechanism
Farmers Facilitation to
 Agreement with Farmers
STEP 4 Registered  A.I( Subsidized )
 Milk Recording
 Vaccination De-
Farmers
 Milk Recording
worming (SA)
 Fodder Seed
(VLWs, CP)  Silage Making  AI

 Calf Raising Center  Data Computerization

 Data Analysis
 SPU Facilitation  Genetic Evaluation
 Equipment  Selection of Bull Mother +  Young bulls to
 Semen Evaluation quality calves
STEP 5  O&M Fund (limited)
Calf Raising
Centre
 Mobility (Limited)  SPU

STEP 6  Calf Raising Centre

 SPU (limited Help)
Semen Doses
 What is Genetic Improvement
BREED IMPROVEMENT
Population in the next generation is better than
population in the previous generation in its ability to
perform for a trait or a combination of traits

select the best

0.3500
Generation 0 0.3500 0.3500
Generation 1
0.3000 0.3000 0.3000

0.2500 0.2500 0.2500

0.2000 0.2000 0.2000

0.1500 0.1500 0.1500

0.1000 0.1000 0.1000

0.0500 0.0500 0.0500

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 -5 -4 -3-5 -2-4 -1-3 0-2 1-1 20 31 42 53 64 75 86 97 8 9

P P P1
Response = P 1- P
What is Genetic Improvement
Traits in the breeding objective

Milk

Milk+Fat

Milk+Fat+Udder

Milk+Fat+Udder+Legs

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Relative Progress in Milk Yield

 Institutional

u al r Support

ept k fo ons Market Services IPR/

r
nc wo act i Opportunities ABS
o
C me ter
a In
Fr GI Skills + Enabling
M capacities of Policy
CB stakeholders Framework

CBMGI
Appropriate Economic
Animal genetic For sustainable Valuation
resources utilization of NR of GI

+ improving
total livelihoods
Assessment
Participatory
of potentials
Approval
And opportunities

Monitoring the
Integration
Implementation
Of GI and
And feedback
Ecosystem
mechanism Integration
Partnerships
Of indigenous
And
Knowledge +
communication
values
 STEP I-PROGENY TESTING PROGRAM

1- Registration of
Farmers
8. Semen
collection and 2. Animals
preservation identifications

3. Milk Production
7.Selection recording
of candidate bulls of individual
animals

6. Rearing of
male calves 4. Selection of
(CRC) bull mothers
5. Purchase of (Elite animals
male calves from
elite animals
 STEP II-PROGENY TESTING PROGRAM

9- Use of semen from

selected bulls in the field
(Test Mating)
16.Selection 10. Milk
of bulls Recording
of Test Herds
(Continues process)

15. Milk
productio 11. Birth Recording
n of
heifers

14. Calving 12.Rearing

of heifers of heifers,

13.Breedign
of heifers
Poverty alleviation through effective resources management

Local
problems,
local
solution
Through Milk Collect. Centre &
capacity Community shop (Seed,
building balanced ration, medicines
etc MPG:
participatory
System
organized by
community, more
sustainable

Better marketing and better price

Uplift in socio-economic
status
• Always keep yourself up-dated and aware of your surrounding
professional activities
• Use carrot and stick strategy
20
 Summary & recommendations
• The data of Kundhi buffaloes from 1976 to 2004 was collected,
transferred to specific format, computerized and genetic analysis for
ranking the animals was completed.

• There were 961 records of 242 animals included in this analysis.

Among the 5 sires used during this period one sire contributed
positively in milk production of the daughters. The 103 Kundhi
buffaloes have positive breeding values for milk production.

• Sire should be selected, initially on pedigree selection, and then on

progeny testing results.

• Production performance recording needs improvement at the farm.

• Future candidate bulls should be produced / purchased from

recorded population only.
21
 History of Kundhi Buffalo Farm
• Livestock Development & Research Farm for Kundhi Buffaloes, Rohri established
in 1963 by the West Pakistan Agriculture Development Corporation (WPADC)
with 919.39 acres of land, leased out by the Colonization Department for
development and improvement of Kundhi Buffaloes breed

• To identify superior Buffaloes for the production of quality breeding bull.

• On the dissolution of the WPADC in April 1972, the Administrative control of

Kundhi Buffalo Farm was transferred to the Animal Husbandry Department with
the same objectives.

• The farm was transferred to Sindh Milk Board on 1st January 1975; to develop as
Dairy Base Farm, but required goals could not be achieved thus it was
transferred back to Animal Husbandry Department, on 1st July, 1976.

• This Farm again had set back in the heavy floods in 1976, for the all these
reasons the farm started a new life after 1977.

22
 Number of Records

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
1976 95
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
(Kundhi Buffalo Farm Rohri)

Year of Calving
1993

Number of Records
1994
1995
Year wise number of records

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
23
 Basic statistics of traits of economic
importance in Kundhi buffalo.
Name of Trait N Mean ± SD Cov %

Milk Yield (Kg) 961 1356.48 ± 453.27 33.42

Calving Interval (Days) 734 556.15 ± 543.72 97.77

Lactation Length (Days) 959 218.72 ± 122.97 56.22

Dry Period (Days) 729 347.64 ± 475.97 136.92

Age at First Calving (Days) 181 1123.18 ± 804.72 71.65

24
 25
Year wise mean values of milk production
(Kundhi Buffalo Farm Rohri)

1750.00

1500.00

1250.00
Phenotypic mean

1000.00

750.00

500.00

250.00

0.00
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982

1984
1985

1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

2003
2004
1976
1977

1983

1986

1993

2001
2002
Year of Calving

MEAN
 26
Genetic trend in Kundhi buffalo farm
(Kundhi Buffalo Farm Rohri)

500.00
400.00
300.00
200.00
100.00
0.00
Mean per year

1978
1979
1980
1981

1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994

1998

2003
2004
1976
1977

1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988

1995
1996
1997

1999
2000
2001
2002
-100.00
-200.00
-300.00
-400.00
-500.00
-600.00
-700.00
-800.00
-900.00
Year of Calving

GLS-SOLUTION
Herd Size and Percent Share in Livestock Population (Livestock
Census 2006)
Herd
size Cattle(%*) Buffalo (%) Flock size Sheep Goat

1-2 14.90(14.9) 15.70(15.70) 1-5 7.38(7.38) 22.16(22.16)

3-4 20.09(34.99) 21.11(36.81) 6-15 14.61(21.99) 29.10(51.26)
5-6 15.41(50.40) 15.97(52.77) 16-30 15.42(37.41) 16.02(67.28)
7-10 17.13(67.53) 18.64(71.42) 31-50 12.08(49.48) 9.09(76.37)
11-15 8.79(76.32) 10.00(81.42) 51-75 8.64(58.12) 5.32(81.68)
16-20 4.18(80.50) 4.87(86.29) 76-100 6.50(64.62) 3.12(84.80)
21-30 3.83(84.33) 3.95(90.24) 101-150 7.39(72.02) 3.78(88.58)
31-50 3.12(87.45) 2.80(93.04) 151-200 4.26(76.27) 2.16(9.74)
>50 12.55(100) 6.96(100.0) 201-350 7.92(84.19) 3.05(93.78)
>351 15.80(100) 6.21(100)
Recommendations