First Steps To Understanding

Lesson
2 Nahw Level 1
Words
‫ كلمة‬and ‫كلمات‬
Section 1

• Noun ‫اسم‬
• Verb‫ف عل‬
• Particle‫حرف‬

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In Arabic a word is called ٌ‫ك لِ َمة‬.
َ
The plural is‫ك ِل َمٌات‬.
َ
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Noun Verb Particle

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Noun: a person or a thing e.g. man, pen, paper.
• A noun is called an ‫اِ ْس ٌم‬. The plural is ٌ‫َس َماء‬
ْ ‫أ‬.
• Nouns usually have either
• an‫ ا ل‬at the beginning
‫اَلَّر ُس ْو ُل‬
• a‫ ت نوين‬at the end.
‫َر ُس ْو ٌل‬
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Noun Verb Particle

‫اسم‬
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Verb: an action. e.g. run, sat.
A verb is called a‫فِ ْعٌل‬. The plural is‫ أ َْف َع اٌ ل‬.
Verbs come on one of the following patterns:
‫َفتَ َح َي ْفتَ ُحاِ ْفتَ ْح‬
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Noun Verb Particle

‫اسم‬ ‫فعل‬
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Particle: usually a one or two letter word which is
added to nouns and verbs. e.g. ‫ َما‬,‫ إِ ٰلی‬, ْ ‫ يِف‬etc.
A particle is called a‫ َح ْرٌف‬. The plural is‫ ُح ُرْوٌف‬.
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Noun Verb Particle

‫اسم‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫حرف‬
 ‫وبح ْمـد َك‬
‫َ‬ ‫م‬ ‫َ‬
‫سبْحانَك الل ّ ُ ّ‬
‫ه‬
‫أن ال إله إال أنْت‬ ‫هد ْ‬
‫أش ُ‬‫ْ‬
‫وبإليْك‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ت‬‫أ‬ ‫و‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ك‬ ‫ر‬‫ف‬‫ِ‬ ‫غ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أس‬
‫ْ‬
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Sentences - ‫جملة‬ ‫إسمية‬ ‫نواسخ‬
‫ما ا ْل َكافَّة‬
The particle ‫ َما‬can be added to a‫حرفمشبه ب ا لفعل‬.
This is known as ُ‫م ا ا ْل َكافَّة‬,
َ the ‫ ما‬which stops the‫حرف‬
‫ مشب ه ب ا لفعل‬from influencing the irab of the
sentence after it.
 ‫كلمة‬
‫حرف‬ ‫فعل ‪-‬‬
‫اسم – أمساء‬
‫‪-‬حروف‬ ‫أفعال‬

‫تنوين‬ ‫ال‬