WELCOME

TO
PRESENTATION
ON
SAFETY

BY :
VIKAS GUPTA, GM (SED) BSL
 Why SAFETY ?

• Moral
– To ensure that others are not harmed.
• Legal
– To comply with the law, failure to do so will bring
the threat of enforcement action
• Economic
– To ensure the continuing financial health of the
enterprise
 Paradigms in Safety
• Productivity is inversely Proportional to safety
• If we follow all safety rules, then production will
come down & there will be delay in projects
• Accidents will always happen in an industry.
• Accident happens by chance / fate
• All accidents are due to management’s fault
• All accidents are due to negligence of individuals.
• Accidents are within norm in our Deptt. & reducing
every year.
• Cost of preventing an accident is very high
 Paradigms in Safety
 “Zero Accident” an utopian idea
 Safety habits are in nature of an individual
-- Safety habits can not be developed.
 Accidents in project sites – Impossible to avoid
 Safety posters / Training / Workshops have little
effect on people.
 Management is not serious about safety.
 Safety can only be enforced by penal actions.
 Safety should be taken as Time Bound Program.
 Once established, safety culture stays & pays
Unsafe Acts Unsafe Conditions
Operating without Not or inadequate guard
authority Inadequate illumination /
Working at higher speed ventilation
Using Unsafe Eqpt Unsafe / loose / flammable
dress
Unsafe position or posture
Unsafe methods / process
Working in moving or
Unsafe / improper planning
dangerous equipment
Rough / sharp / slippery /
Distraction/ horse play
corroded surface
Not using PPEs Safety devices inoperative
Unsafe design
Hazardous storing

5
7
 HAZARD CONTROL
Elimination : By design or replacement

Substitution : With less hazardous material

Minimisation : Raw material, Intermediates,

Engg. Control : Guarding, Automation,
Ventilation etc
Admn. Control : SWP, Housekeeping, Supervision,
Work Permit,

PPEs : To reduce Exposure &

Consequences
12
 Principle of Crocodile
• Identify the risk
 Principle of Crocodile
• Evaluate the risk
 Principle of Crocodile

• Eliminate the risk

 Principle of Crocodile
• Substitute the risk
 Principle of Crocodile

• Isolate the risk

 Principle of Crocodile

• Use Personal Protective Equipment

 Principle of Crocodile
• Or else……….Run away !
 SAFETY
WHY LINE MANAGERS ?

 He is on the spot
 Closest to workers & Process
 Workers trust him
 Gives instructions / job
 Rewards / Punishes
 Gives good / bad news
 Meets daily

 Can Implement

LM1
 Qualities needed
in LINE MANAGERS

 Knowledge of
 Job, - Process, - People, - Equipment
 Safety Provisions

 Lead by example
 Ability to influence /convince subordinates
 Advance Planning
 Reward / Punishment (immediate & fair)
 Courage of his convictions
 Imagination (Forecast)

LM2
 Role & Responsibilities of Line Managers
¨ Safety talk at the beginning of each shift.
¨ Adherence to Standard Operating & Maint.
Practices.
¨ Use of Proper PPEs on Job.
¨ Written Shut Down System / Protocol in Repair
Works.
¨ Supervision & Monitoring of Work with Safety
Angle.
¨ Acquire knowledge of Statutory Provisions.
¨ Practice Safety by Self and Demonstrate visible
concern.
¨ Educate & Train Employees about Hazards &
Preventive Measures.
¨ Prohibit Operation by Unauthorised Persons.
¨ Display Warning Notices at Hazardous Areas.
¨ Maintain Safety Devices & Control Equipment in
Working Order (Do not bypass them)
¨ Maintain Good House Keeping at Shop Floor &
Office.
¨ Participate Enthusiastically in Safety Promotional
Activities.
¨ Procure Material Confirming to Specify Standards
to Meet Safety Requirements.
 POTENTIAL HAZARDS

Activity Hazards Remedy

Working at Falling, giddiness, Safety belts,
Heights drop objects, Railings,
scaffold collapse toe guards
Flammable Fire, explosion, Gas Safety
gas unconscious Precautions
protocol
Pneumatic Noise, hearing loss Ear plug
tools
Welding/ Fire, flash, shock, Screen, glass,
Gas cutting injury to eye, gloves, Goggles
Burns,
back-fire, eye

LM3
 POTENTIAL HAZARDS(2)
Activity Hazards/Risk Remedy
Grinding,drillin Sparks,chips,cuts, Goggles,earthing
g, electrocution House keeping
cutting
Burns,exhaustion Blowers,ventilation
Hot Areas Fire Fire fighting eqpt.
Eye,skin,Fall from Training,belts
Painting heights Scaffolding
Suffocation,lungs Fresh air,Dust
Dusty
congestion masks,exhauster
atmosphere
Suffocation,fire Ventilation,escape
Confined spaces route, 24v power

LM4
 POTENTIAL HAZARDS(3)

Activity Hazards Remedy

Elect. Electrocution Rubber gloves,
installations burns strict protocol
Mat.handling, fall, crush sling condition ,
EOT Crane hooks,tackle,
sprain
angle.
Chem. Burns,suffocation Apron,gloves,
handling fire ventilation
Roof sheeting Fall, shock S.belt,ht. pass,
roof collapse crawler ladder
Moving cut,shock,amput.
Equip. Guards,earthing

LM5
 HOUSE KEEPING BENEFITS
 Congenial & pleasant working environment
 No time wasted in looking for things
 Reduced chance of accidents
 Systematic work system avoids need of cleaning campaign
 Must for ISO 9000,OHSAS-18001& EMS-14000
 Increased pride in one's job & work

LM6
 HOUSE KEEPING
WHO WILL DO
 IT ?
Who works there
 Who is affected by bad house-
keeping
 Who is answerable
 Who can do it

HOW ?
 Identified place for everything
 Every thing in its identified place
 In addition to normal duties
 Delegate rotational responsibility
 Immediately question violation
 Safety & Housekeeping
Benefits to Line
Manager
Automatic pride & motivation among staff
Avoid harassment of formalities of accidents
Increased trust of work men
Ideal environment for Team formation & working

A SAFE & CLEAN WORK SITE

BREEDS PRIDE, MOTIVATION
LEADING TO IMPROVED
PRODUCTIVITY & EASY
ACHIEVEMENT OF TARGETS
 ROLE OF MANAGERS
•Protecting workers from workplace hazards and to preventing or reducing work-related injuries and
diseases, ill health and incidents.
•Provide First Aid box, PPE’s at workplace.
•Motivate & ensure the use of PPE’s
•Suggest and implement Safety procedures (SOP,SMP) adopted by contractors & their workers.
•Ensure every contractual job to be started only after getting safety clearance from SED.
•Wherever applicable requisite HEIGHT PASS must be ensured by the contractors before start of work
at height.
•No maintenance job without SHUT DOWNS papers (Avoid shortcuts).
•For the jobs which is carried out over a longer period more than one day, JOB PROTOCOL must be duly
signed by all concerned before start of job.
•Some jobs, which is possible to be done in installments , DAILY JOB PROTOCOL must be signed on
everyday.
•Report of Accidents of employees & happenings of Near Misses/ Dangerous Occurrences within
stipulated time to SED.
•Ensure maintenance of Statutory Registers (wherever applicable).
•To ensure safe workplace must eliminate Unsafe condn. /procedures regularly.
 Type of People

Type -1 - Generally follow safety rules, work safely &

keep themselves & others safe.

Type-2 - Know safety rules but do not bother to follow.

Escape unhurt because of presence of mind & luck.

Neither knows nor bother about safety rules.

Type-3 -
Are accident prone & suffer most.
Some common unsafe behaviors
Best intentions in Tata Steel operations as well
Human innovation has no bounds !!!
And here …
 Behavior
Based Safety
Iceberg model

• Behaviour is what you see

Iceberg model

Visible Behaviour

Feelings & Emotions

Attitudes
Past, future, others, self, company

Invisible Beliefs

Conditioning

We judge ourselves based on our intentions;

Others judge us based on our actions
Unsafe behavior leads
to
Loss of –
* Safety
* Production
* Business
* Motivation & morale.
 BBS Triangle

Fatalities

Injuries

Near Misses

Unsafe Behaviors
 Why Employees Indulge
in
At-Risk Behaviors
*Jobs get done faster
*Perception of risk is low
*Nothing’s going to happen to me’ attitude
*At-risk behavior is reinforced
*Lack of awareness that behavior is risky
Human behavior causes most accidents
Reasons:
* Comfort
*Saving Time
*Convenience
*Lack of understanding and training
*Complacency
*Wrong Safety focus
*Celebrating production over safety
 What is Behavior Based Safety ?

*Is a Bottom-up Approach

*Focus On Employee Behaviors

*Addresses Root Causes

*Internal Implementation
 Behavior Based Safety (BBS)
Definition:

• It is new generation safety culture

at workplace.

• It is the tool for the improvement of

safety performance and safety
culture at workplace.
 Behavior Based Safety (BBS)

A Single unsafe behaviour can cause accident. Hence

the entire BBS implementation evolves around
adopting a correction procedure not fault finding.

Also It is important to understand that culture drives

behaviour, so you can’t punish an individual.

(Behavioural safety is human safety)

 Behavior Based Safety
1. BBS is a whistleblower on the behavioral risks.
2. BBS means when ever you observe any one working
in at risk, you intervene and alert him for spot
correction as a big brother not as a boss.
3. This correction procedure is developed at Home and
Work Place on a regular way of work/ personal life.
4. Involving everyone including all top to bottom.
5. Measure BBS activity in a scientific way each month.
BBS Target:

• Target is zero accident

• by focusing on ‘zero unsafe behaviour’

(which is the root cause of any incident)

• by involving all workmen in BBS approach.  

 Action plan for implementation of
BBS

 Development of
observers
 Empowerment of
Observers
 Corrective action of
at risk observation
 Measurement and
analysis of data
Strategy to be adopted by BBS Observers
1. Parikarma: take an observation
round of your unit/plant.
2. Prashan: put a question to an
observee whether he is safe.
3. Prashansa: praise for his safe
behaviors to reinforce.
4. Parivartan: convert his unsafe
behaviors to safe.
5. Prashiksan: educate/ re-train him
for his unsafe behaviors.
6. Pratigya: take an oath from that
he will not repeat unsafe
behaviours.
7. Prachar: ask an observee to
observe another co-worker.
8. Prarthna: repeatedly request for
safe behavior.
For getting the effective corrective action
75% people correct themselves or convinced
even one time intervention for rest 25% we
have to approach minimum six times to get
desired results.

Following approach is taken with these 25% people

1. First time approached -- passive Attention.
2. Second time approached -- Active Attention
3. Third time approached -- passive Thinking.
4. Forth time approached -- Active Thinking.
5. Fifth time approached – Self Observation.
6. Sixth time approached – Self Correction.
 Quality of BBS Observers

1. Building Trust.

2. Managing Once Ego.

3. Having Patience in changing Behavior.

4. Positive interaction/communication.

5. Human touch Conversation.

6. Friendly approach (avoid authority).

 BBS CHECKLIST: BBS
Sr. BEHAVIOUR CATEGORIES SAFE
CHECKLIST At-risk Corrections
No.
1 PPE
2 Housekeeping
3 Using tools
4 Body positioning
5 Material handling
6 Communication
7 Following procedures/ SOPs/
SMPs
8 Visual focusing/ Alertness
9 Using mobile at work
Total
 बीबीएस/ BBS

व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने के तरीके

बर्ताव करना 1
तरीका-
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का गलत तरीका (Policing)

क्यूँ राय जी, आपके समझ में नहीं आता है कि

प्लांट के अंदर हमेशा सेफ़्टी हेलमेट पहन के रहना
है?
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का गलत तरीका (Policing)

कल से आप मुझे बिना सेफ़्टी

हेलमेट के नहीं दिखने चाहिए
व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का गलत तरीका (Policing)

%%&^&(*%$##$$#&
%^^#@#@$^%^$
 बीबीएस/ BBS
व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने के तरीके

तरीका- 2
बर्ताव करना

“रोको-टोको; मगर प्यार से”

 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

नमस्कार साथियों!
कै से हैं आप लोग? साहब जी, नमस्कार!
बस बढ़िया चल रहा है साब!
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

और राय जी, घर पे सब बढ़िया? हाँ साब, घर पर भी सब ठीक-ठाक

पिता जी की तबीयत ठीक चल रही है ना? चल रहा है
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

अरे वाह, आप सब लोगों ने अच्छे तरीके से सारे पीपीई पहने

हुए हैं...
इसके लिए आप सब लोगों को बहुत बहुत बधाई!
शुक्रिया साब
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

राय जी, आपने सेफ़्टी शू तो पहना हुआ है लेकिन अपने अरे साहब, गर्मी का मौसम है।
दूसरे साथियों की तरह सेफ़्टी हेलमेट नहीं पहना है... पसीने से तर-बतर हो जाते हैं हेलमेट लगाने
से...
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

अरे राय जी, सिर बचा रहेगा तभी

तो पसीना भी आएगा ना!
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

अभी कल ही आपके साथी- शर्मा जी ने नियर-मिस रिपोर्ट किया है...

उनका सिर क्रॉस-ओवर से टकरा गया था, लेकिन हेलमेट की वजह से हाँ साब, ये बात तो सही है...
उन्हें चोट नहीं लगी...
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

और फिर आपके घर पे सभी सदस्य हर रोज़ आपके सही सलामत

लौटने की दुआ करते हैं...
उनकी खुशी का खयाल रखने का आपका भी फर्ज़ बनता है...
हाँ साब...
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

जी साब...
इसलिए आप न सिर्फ स्वयं हेलमेट पहनिए, बल्कि
मैं आज से हमेशा सेफ़्टी हेलमेट का प्रयोग
सभी लोगों को सदैव सेफ़्टी हेलमेट पहनने के लिए
करूं गा...
प्रोत्साहित कीजिये...
अपनी सुरक्षा-अपने हाथ
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

बहुत अच्छे। तो प्रतिज्ञा कीजिये कि स्वयं तो बिलकु ल साब...

हेलमेट पहनेंगे ही, दूसरों को भी इसके लिए शिक्षित मतलब यह कि अपने भाई-बंधुओं की सुरक्षा
एवं प्रोत्साहित करेंगे... करना भी हमारा ही कर्तव्य है
 व्यवहार में बदलाव लाने का सही तरीका

बिलकु ल सही...
मुझे आप लोगों से मिल कर काफी खुशी हुई। हमें सुरक्षा का महत्व इतने अच्छे तरीके से
मन लगा कर काम करें और सदैव सुरक्षित रहने का प्रण समझाने के लिए आपका बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद
करें! साब।
 A broken
helmet in
HRCF by
“Bearing
Roller” fallen
from EOT
crane.
One man’s care
is
another man’s
Safety.
BBS IS
An Art
of
Safe Living.
 BBS is
Brother-to-Brother
Safety.
 BBS is
“Bokaro Bane
Surakshit”.
Or
“Bharat Bane
Surakshit”.
BBS LEADS TO REDUCTION IN UNSAFE
BEHAVIOURS
AND THUS A FALL IN ACCIDENTS
Save others,
Save
Yourself.
Thanks for
your Safe
behavior.
असुरक्षित व्यवहार अस्वीकार,

सुरक्षित व्यवहार बार बार I

THANK YOU