Learning theories

Objectives
• By the end of the lecture each candidate will be able to :
• Compare between learning theories (behaviorism, social
learning theory, connectivism ) from the phases of :

• Main theorist
• Primary focus
• Main of assumption
• Role of learner
• Role of teacher
• In classroom
• Source of motivation
 Outlines
• Comparison between learning theories (behaviorism,
social learning theory, connectivism ) from the phases of :

• Main theorist
• Primary focus
• Main of assumption
• Role of learner
• Role of teacher
• In classroom
• Source of motivation
Main Theorist
 .Main Theorist cont

Connectivism Social learning Behaviorism

theory theory theory

B.F. Skinner
George Siemens Bandura Ivan Pavlov
 Primary focus
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

• Connectivism is about • Observable &

forming connections • Attention measurable
between people and behavior
with technology. • Memory • - Stimulus-
• Connectivism sees • Motivation response
knowledge as a connections
network and learning • - Behavior is
as a process of pattern goal directed
recognition.
 Main assumption of theory

Connectivism Social learning Behaviorism

Engagement , People learn through Learning happens when a

participation observing others’ behavior, correct response is

,social cultural attitudes, and outcomes of demonstrated following

.those behaviors the presentation of a

specific environmental

.stimulus (conditions)
 ,.Main assumption of theory cont

Behaviorism

Emphasis on observable and measurable behaviors

(involuntary responses).

All behaviors are acquired through conditioning

Behaviors can be unlearned and replaced with new once

 ,.Main assumption of theory cont
Behaviorism

The desired response must be rewarded in order for

learning to take place.

A learner starts with clean state, and behavior is shaped by

positive and negative reinforcement

Role of learner
 Role of learner

Connectivism Social learning Behaviorism

Learner is at the Active learner Learners are

center of the basically passive,

observes others and
learning just responding to
regulates decision to
experience rather stimuli.
reproduce behavior.
than the educator Respond to
and institution reinforcement.
 Role of learner

Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Learner determines the content Pace themselves in an

of the learning, decides the assignment to work

nature and levels of from the most basic

communication, and who to the more

participates complicated concepts.

 Role
.Role of of learner
learner cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

• Develops ability to find • Ask questions for

relevant information and more clarity in
filter out secondary and directions.
extraneous information • Ask for feedback.
• Learner's capacity to know
is more critical than what is
actually known (Siemens,
2008)
 .Role of learner cont

Connectivism Social Behaviorism

• Learner's ability to make decisions from

acquired information is integral to the

learning process

• Learner's ability to see or form

connections between fields, ideas, and

concepts is a core skill

 .Role of learner cont
Connectivism Social Behavioris

• Learner is at the center of the learning experience

rather than the educator and institution

• Determines the content of the learning, decides

the nature and levels of communication, and who
participates

• Develops ability to find relevant information and

filter out secondary and extraneous information.
Role of Teachers
 Role of Teachers
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Educator can observe Encourage students to Teachers must give

activities of all develop their individual immediate

students and draw self-efficacy through feedback.

attention to specific confidence building and Break down the

approaches. constructive feedback, a task into small

concept that is rooted in steps.

social learning theory.

 .Role of Teachers cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

- Students learn from Active educator Repeat the directions as

each other and from model behavior many times as possible.

suggestions offered by

Master Artist
 .Role of Teachers cont

Connectivism Social Behaviorism

- Students create work which is Work from the simplest to the

in full view of peers most complex tasks.

- Task of educator is to assist Things should be adjusted and

learners in forming be age oriented.

connections and creating

learning networks
 .Role of Teachers cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Assist learners in developing Teachers should understand that

competence to meet the objectives schools are the cause of

or outcomes of a particular course unintentional learning, through

- Educator encourages students to classical conditioning, especially

critically evaluate each source's anxiety.

suitability Teachers must know how to

teach.
 .Role of Teachers cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

- Gaps in learning network are Instructor designs the

addressed by learner through self- learning environment.

directed active participation in Instructor shapes

network building and by educator's child’s behavior by

evaluation of the nature and quality positive/ negative

of learning network selected reinforcement.

 .Role of Teachers cont

Connectivism Social Behaviorism

- Encourages students to explore Positive reinforcement is

while teacher acts as a tour guide more effective.

- Educator directs learners to

resources and learning opportunities

 .Role of Teachers cont

Connectivism Social Behaviorism

- Educators have quick access to Teacher presents the

resources that can be shared with information & then

learners students demonstrate that

Employs a learner designed program they understand the

of study material.
 .Role of Teachers cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

- Dual role as an expert with advanced  Students are

knowledge of a domain and guide who assessed

fosters and encourages learner exploration primarily

- Acknowledges autonomy of learners yet through tests.

understands frustration of exploring

unknown territories without a map

 .Role of Teachers cont

Connectivism Social Behaviorism

• Educator carefully balances learner's

freedom with occasional injection of

content interpretation

• Educator creates learning resources that

expose learners to critical ideas, concepts,
and papers within a field
In Classroom
 In Classroom
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Connects to a Teacher should not only focus on Focus on

network to only one model where as social reinforcement

share and find learning theory can see, they (rewards&

new should be creative in researching .punishment)

information or creating different models in

.order for students to understand

 .In Classroom cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Modifies beliefs Students also should Responsibility for

on the basis of new believe that they are able student learning based

learning and can accomplish mainly on the teacher.

school tasks
 .In Classroom cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Connects to a network Teachers should also Utilizes computer

to share these help the students to set assisted instruction.

realizations and find realistic expectations Provides constant

new information once for their academic feedback to

more accomplishments. students.

 .In Classroom cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Describing what would be possible Incorporates new

effects or consequences of certain classroom technology.

behaviors will help the student to Lecture-based highly

effectively exercise appropriate structured.

behaviors

Student often effectively learn by

simply observing other people

 .In Classroom cont
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

Modeling provides an Contract between the

alternative to shaping for teacher and student on
teaching new behaviors desirable behaviors.
Creating self-regulation
teaching provides effective
methods for improving
.behavior
 Source of motivation
Connectivism Social Behaviorism

complex learning, a - Socialization experiences, Drive reduction.

rapid changing role models, and self-

core, and the ability reactive influences

to incorporate (observing self, set goals,

diverse knowledge and reinforce

sources performance).