VEHICLE

DYNAMICS
Elite Techno Groups

J.Manish Kumar
2451-18-736-094
MECH-2
CONTENTS :-
Introduction to vehicle dynamics
1. Steering
2. Braking
3. Suspension
4. Transmission
5. Chasis and structures
 VEHICLE DYNAMICS

• Vehicle dynamics is the study of how the vehicle will react to driver inputs on a given road.
Vehicle dynamics is a part of engineering primarily based on classical mechanics.
• Vehicle Dynamics is classified into 5 Sub Systems which makes the study more efficient
In order to study the dynamics in a detailed manner the vehicle is sub-divided into:
 Steering
 Suspension
 Braking
 Chasis and structure
 Transmission
 STEERING SYSTEM

 Steering is the term applied to the

collection of components, linkages,
etc. which will allow a vehicle to
follow the desired course.
 The function of a steering system is
to convert the rotary movement of
the steering wheel in driver's hand
into the angular turn of the front
wheels on road.
TYPES OF STEERING SYSTEMS

Mechanical/Primary steering systems:

 Rack and pinion mechanism.

 Recirculating ball mechanism.
 Bell crank link mechanism.

Electric/Auxiliary steering systems:

 Electric powered hydraulic steering system.
 Fully electric steering systems.
Rack and pinion mechanism Recirculating ball mechanism

Fully electric steering system

Bell crank link mechanism Electric powered hydraulic steering

system
Ackerman Steering Davis steering
Applications Of Various Mechanisms:
Braking System
 What is a braking system?
The function of the brake system is to stop the vehicle within the smallest possible
distance.
 The system allows a driver to use only light forces to brake the high speed
performance vehicles irrespective mass of the vehicle.
 Brake system gradually reduces vehicle velocity, so that the passenger do not
experience a jerk,Which also helps drivers to control for a safe riding experience.
 Types of brakes:

Wooden block brakes Rubber block brakes Disc brakes

TYPES OF BRAKE DRUMS :
External shoe drum brake Internal expanding shoe brake
Application :
 SUSPENSION
The suspension system on a vehicle is between the frame and the road. The
suspension system's primary function is to maximize the overall
performance of a vehicle as it cruises down the road.
DESIGN OBJECTIVE:
Maintain the tyre –terrain contact at every possible instant
Transmit least possible vibrations to the frame
 Enhance driver safety and comfort
Provide steering stability and good handling while maneuvering obstacles

TYPES OF SUSPENSION

 McPherson strut
 Double Wishbone
 Trail Arm Suspension
 SUSPENSIONS
McPherson strut Double Wishbone Trailing Arm
 Transmission :
The Transmission system is the assembly
responsible for the delivering power from the
engine to the tyre
This is used not only in between engine and
drive shaft but also in gear shifters where dog
clutch engages and disengages the gears.
The Car Transmission consists of following four parts

 Clutch
 Gear Reduction System
 Drive Shafts
 Differential
Basic types of Transmissions

Manual Transmission Automatic Transmission

1.Manual Transmission
 A manual transmission is also known as
manual gear box standard transmission
 Itis a multi-speed motor vehicle
transmission system, where gear
changes require the driver to manually
select the gears by operating a gear
stick and clutch.
2.Automatic Transmission:
-An automatic transmission is a multi-speed
transmission used in motor vehicle that does not
require any driver input to change forward gears
under normal driving conditions.
-It typically includes a transmission, axle, and
differential in one integrated assembly, thus
technically becoming a transaxle.
 CHASIS AND STRUCTURES
Chassis is structure can be separated from the body, as in industrial vehicles and some
commercial and off-road vehicles , or they can be integrated , as found in unitized bodies…
chassis structures in these three cases are also called, respectively, frames, underbodies and
subframes.
Types of Chassis :
1. Ladder Chassis
2. Space Chasis
3. Backbone Chassis
4. Tub Chassis
5. Monocoque
6. Body on Frame
LAYOUT
OF
CHASIS
 Chasis Considerations :
1. Chassis usually inludes a pair of longitudinally extending channels and multiple transverse cross
members that intersect the channels.
2. Points to consider before designing the chassis :
(i) Suspension Points
(ii) Protection and Safety
(iii) Aerodynamics Influence
3.The stiffer the chassis the more cornering torque it can be handle with less effect on suspension
system.
4.The Chassis has to contain the various component required for the race car as well as being
based around a drivers cockpit.