Recognizing Main Points

and Supporting Ideas in

the Text Listened to
You have learned that there are ways to identify the main or key idea
in a text listened to.
First, you listen for signal words. Most of the time, a speaker will give you a hint
as to what the discussion is about.

Second, the main idea is usually repeated or mentioned several times.

Third, listen to the rate of speech the speaker will have.Normally, he or she will
slow down to give emphasis to the main idea.
Fourth, in cases of lectures, fora, symposia, and other assemblies, a speaker may
use visuals or visual aids.
• These visual aids will definitely give you an idea what the main
topic is.
• The supporting ideas or details are the information, facts, and
specific ideas that help the listener in understanding the text.
• They are statements that explain, describe, and illlustrate the main
idea.

1. What is the song about?

2. How does the singer feel about the things that were done for her?
3. What is the main idea given in the song?
4. What are the supporting ideas or details to prove the main idea?
 Expressing Ideas, Opinions,
Feelings During Panel Discussions
A panel discussion is the most popular informal but oraganized
type of group discussion.
It is a conversation of usually three to more participants facing a
large audience.
A panel discussion is used when topics are too complex to be
discussed by one person alone.
In a panel discussion, a chairman presides and introduces each of
the members or participants who are facing the audience.
The participants or members of the panel address the issues to
each one, and discuss until the end of the time limit.
At the end of the discussion, the chairman summarizes the issues.
They may entertain questions from the audience, in case of any.
Here are some tips to consider as a
participant in a panel discussion:
1. Prepare.
2. Be brief and precise in your ideas.
3. Be confident.
4. Be energetic.
Using the Passive and Active Voice
Meaningfully in Varied Contexts
Sentences are either in active or passive voice.
What is voice? How do the active voice and passive voice differ from one another?
Voice - is the property of verbs that indicates whether the subject of the sentence is the
doer or the receiver of the action.
The verb is in the active voice if the subject of the sentence is the doer of the action.
Examples:
1. The early Filipinos worshipped nature.
(In this sentence, the action in the
verb worshipped was done by the subject, Filipinos. Therefore, the verb is in the
active voice.
2. The carpenter built the house.
(The subject, carpenter performs or
does the action built. Therefore, the verb is in the active voice)
3. Students enjoy watching school plays.
(The subject, students is the doer of
the action enjoy.)
If the subject in the sentence is not the doer or performer of the action, but
rather the reciever of the action, the verb is in the passive voice.
Examples:
1. Nature was worshipped by the early Filipinos.
(In this sentence, the subject, nature is not the doer of the action. The verb
is in the passive voice.)
2. The house was built by the carpenter.
(In this sentence, the action was not performed by the subject, house.)
In sentences which use passive verbs, the doer of the action may or may not be
indicated.
Examples:
1. The play is performed by the students during celebrations.
2. The play is performed to entertain guests coming from different schools.
*The first example mentions the students as the doer of the action.
In the second example, there is no doer mentioned.

Note the basic changes in the form of the verb in the following
examples:
Present: Active: He plays the guitar.
Passive: The guitar is played by him.
Past: Active: She called my name.
Passive: My name was called by her.
Future: Active: She will sing a song at the event.
Passive: A song will sung by her at the event.
The passive voice is used for variety. Whenever possible, express the ideas
using the active voice. Use the passive voice only when the action is to be
emphasized more than the doer.
Compose a Series of Journal Entries
Composing a Series of Journal Entries
• Journal entries - are individual pieces of writing that you write on a journal or
diary.
• each piece of writing is dated and is different from each other.
• These entries are your feelings, experiences, opinions, thoughts, and something worth day.
• The entries you write here can be too personal, things you only share with people you trust.
• Because this type of journal entries are considered private and should not be read by anybody, unless
given the permission to do so.

• Why write journal entries?

• Choose a notebook that is well bound up so you do not lose the pages.
• You can also write straight in your computer, so you are sure they are safe from any prying eyes when your
entries include your secrets.
• Other people take their journal with them so that they can write as soon as a thought comes up.
• It is your choice though, if you want to do the same.
Examples of a Journal Entry
June ,2018
Today, I have started working on the topic my teacher has assigned
to me. I was able to find some books which I can use to get some data
for my research I have also scheduled an interview with Ms. Mendoza,
the editior-in-chief of the publishing house, I was able to contact. So far,
everything has fallen into the right places.
Examples of a Journal Entry

June 15, 2018

Got my exam result for Math and I failed it. I feel bad right now
because I do not know how I would tell my mom about it. But I guess I
have no choice. I just have to try my best next time.
Activities
A. Write a brief journal on what you did this morning before going to
school. Write your journal
B. Compose a series of journal entries starting this day and for the next
days. Submit your journal to your teacher on the schedule given.
 Employing the Appropriate Oral language
and stance in a forum
• Forum - is another type of public discussion. There is an expert that
discusses or speaks about the topic, then welcomes questions at the
end of his or her talk.
• A moderator is also present to see to it that the expert sticks to the
time given him, so that the audience, who become the participants
after the lecture, can have the chance to ask questions.
• The moderator is also responsible for maintaining order in case any of
the participants become hostile, or if any misunderstanding or
argument ensues during the exchange of ideas,
• In today’s time, a forum can be online, in the form of group discusions or
chats. As with any other private or public discussion groups or meetings,
any participant or audience is expected to use the appropriate language.

• Here are rules to follow when you participate in a forum:

1. Be courteous at all times.
 Address the moderator and the experts properly by their title or by addressing them, Sir or
Ma’am.
2. Wait for your turn to be called.
 Be recognized by raising your hand so that the moderator will know that you want to speak or
ask a question. Standing and speaking without being acknowledged should not be.
3. Do not use vulgar or obscene words.
 Keep in mind that you are in a public discussion and a lot of people ar participating, too. Using
vulgar or obscene words will definitely offend others.
4. Do not attack, insult, or defame others.
 If you do not agree with what the experts or other participants say, do not use language
that attack, insult, or defame them. Respect all opinions.
5. Stand straight but not stiff.
 Your posture shows how confident you are when you speak.
6. Thank the moderator for the given opportunity to ask your
question or share your opinion.
 Composing a Travelogue
• Travelogue or travelog - is a record or account of a person’s trips. It
can be a video, an illustrated lecture, a book, a journal, an essay, a
blog, that shows places and activities that can be done in a place. It
can be used by other people to check if a place is worth going to.

• How is a travelogue written? The following are tips you can use in
writing one.
1. Know your purpose.
Are you travelling because you want to experience the journey itself or
because you are a blogger and you need to write a travelogue about a
particular place?
2. Prepare the things you need for writing.
Your camera, a pen, a notebook, and a recorder are the usual things
that you take with you on a trip. If your cell phone is equipped with a
good camera, it would be helpful to have an extra tool for taking
pictures.
3. Write your observations and impressions of the place.
In writing observations and impressions, you need to be honest. If you
find the place beautiful, say so. If you find the place dirty, be honest. If
you want the food served in a restaurant, metion the food and the
name of that particular establishment. Prices of food, transportation
fare and hotel rates are important details to consider when one travels.
4. Date your entries.
It is better to label your entries day 1, day 2, and so on. You would
definitely want to remember the place and the date when you were
there.

5. Take pictures.
Pictures are not neccessarily historical. You can take pictures of
markets, parks, crowded streets, bus station, trains, food, and sign
boards. You can even take a “selfie” inside the vehicle you took, even
the ticket you bought.

6. Mention ways on how to reach the destination.

Is the place accessible by car,bus, or trai? Is there a particular time the
bus or train arrives and departs the station?
7. Give the highlights of the place.
Paint a picture using words. Give the readers an idea of what to
expect from the place.

8. Give the Dos and Don’ts to be observed.

 It is better to give your prospective audience (family members,
friends, and others) an idea of what is not supposed to be done in a
place so they can at least avoid doing so when they visit the same
destination.
Example:
Day 1. We reached Nagoya airport at 9:45 in the morning of April 4.
Although the sun was out, it was a ver cold morning. My cousin who lives in
the city picked us up, and took us to our hotel, a half an hour drive from the
airport. We stayed at the hotle for an hour, then left to eat lunch at Dennys’
Diner, an American restaurant. Funny but since we did not know where to go
yet, and it was the delicious! I promised myself it would not be the first time
I would eat there. I shall return